Fishing, both recreational and commercial, has been a fundamental part of human culture and sustenance for centuries. However, amidst the serene allure of lakesides and the bustling activity of harbors lies a less visible aspect—the welfare issues associated with fishing practices. While often overshadowed by discussions of environmental impact, the welfare of fish and other marine animals deserves attention. This essay explores the welfare concerns arising from both recreational and commercial fishing activities. Recreational Fishing Recreational fishing, pursued for leisure and sport, is a widespread activity enjoyed by millions worldwide. However, the perception of recreational fishing as a harmless pastime belies the welfare implications for the fish involved. Catch-and-release practices, common among recreational anglers, may seem benign, but they can inflict stress, injury, and even death upon fish. The use of barbed hooks and prolonged fight times exacerbates these welfare concerns, potentially causing internal injuries and impairing the fish's ability …