Amategeko y’imibereho y’inyamaswa ni ikintu cyingenzi muri sosiyete, agamije kurengera uburenganzira n’imibereho y’inyamaswa. Mu myaka yashize, habaye ubwiyongere bugaragara mu gukangurira abaturage no kwita ku kuvura inyamaswa, biganisha ku gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko n'amabwiriza atandukanye. Icyakora, imikorere y'ayo mategeko ishingiye cyane ku ruhare n'inshingano by'abaturage. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa ko abantu bumva uruhare rwabo mu mategeko agenga imibereho y’inyamaswa no kugira uruhare rugaragara mu kuyubahiriza. Iyi ngingo izasobanura akamaro k’amategeko agenga imibereho y’inyamaswa, uruhare rw’abaturage mu kuyashyira mu bikorwa, n’inyungu z’umuryango ushyira imbere gufata neza inyamaswa. Mu kumurika akamaro k'uruhare rw'abaturage, turizera gushishikariza abasomyi gufata ingamba no kugira uruhare mu kuzamura imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa aho batuye. N'ubundi kandi, ni inshingano zacu guhuriza hamwe kureba niba inyamaswa zigirirwa impuhwe n'icyubahiro, kandi ibyo bigerwaho gusa binyuze mu bufatanye hagati y'abaturage n'amategeko.
Gusobanukirwa no guharanira imibereho myiza yinyamaswa.
Guharanira imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa ninshingano zingenzi twe nkabenegihugu, tugomba gukora cyane. Mugusobanukirwa no guharanira imibereho yinyamaswa, turashobora gutanga umusanzu mugushinga umuryango uha agaciro kandi ukarengera uburenganzira nicyubahiro cyibinyabuzima byose. Ni ngombwa kwiyigisha kubyerekeye ibikenerwa n’imyitwarire y’inyamaswa, hamwe n’iterabwoba rishobora guhura nazo mu bidukikije. Ubu bumenyi buduha imbaraga zo gufata ingamba, zaba zishyigikira imiryango iharanira imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa, kuzamura imyumvire y’ubugome bw’inyamaswa, cyangwa guteza imbere gutunga amatungo ashinzwe. Iyo tuvuze abadafite amajwi, dushobora kugira uruhare runini mugushiraho no gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko y’imibereho y’inyamaswa, guteza imbere impuhwe, no guteza imbere umuryango w’imyitwarire myiza n’ubumuntu.
Iyigishe amategeko yaho.
Gusobanukirwa no kumenyera amategeko y’ibanze yerekeye imibereho y’inyamaswa ni ikintu cyingenzi cyo kuzuza inshingano zacu nkabenegihugu bashinzwe. Dufashe umwanya wo kwiyigisha kuri aya mabwiriza, turashobora kwemeza ko twubahiriza byimazeyo kandi tuzi ubumenyi n'uburenganzira bwo kurengera inyamaswa mugace dutuyemo. Ubu bumenyi budushoboza kugira uruhare rugaragara mu kubahiriza aya mategeko, gutanga raporo aho ariho hose ubugome cyangwa kutitabwaho, no gushyigikira ibikorwa bigamije kuzamura imibereho y’inyamaswa. Byongeye kandi, kumenya amategeko y’ibanze bidufasha kugirana ibiganiro byubaka nabafata ibyemezo no kunganira amabwiriza akomeye akemura ibibazo nibibazo bivuka. Mugukomeza kumenyeshwa no kugira uruhare rugaragara, turashobora gutanga umusanzu muri societe iha agaciro kandi ikarinda imibereho myiza yibiremwa byose.
Menyesha ingero zose zihohoterwa.
Ni ngombwa ko abaturage batangaza bidatinze aho ariho hose ho guhohoterwa cyangwa gufatwa nabi ku nyamaswa mu gace kacu. Mugukora ibyo, tugira uruhare runini mugukurikiza amategeko yimibereho yinyamaswa no kurinda kurengera ibiremwa bifite intege nke. Niba ubonye cyangwa ukeka ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwubugome, kutita ku bikorwa, cyangwa ibikorwa binyuranyije n’inyamaswa, ni ngombwa kubimenyesha inzego zibishinzwe. Gutanga amakuru arambuye kandi yukuri birashobora gufasha mubushakashatsi kandi birashobora gukiza inyamaswa izindi ngaruka mbi. Wibuke, gutanga amakuru yihohoterwa ntabwo ari itegeko ryemewe gusa ahubwo nigikorwa cyimpuhwe kuri bagenzi bacu. Twese hamwe, turashobora gushiraho societe ibazwa abantu kubikorwa byabo kandi ikunganira imibereho myiza yinyamaswa zose.
Shigikira ubucuruzi bworohereza inyamaswa.
Usibye gufata ingamba zo kurwanya ubugome bw’inyamaswa, ubundi buryo abaturage bashobora kugira uruhare mu mibereho y’inyamaswa ni ugushyigikira ubucuruzi bwangiza inyamaswa. Guhitamo gushigikira ibigo bishyira imbere imibereho myiza yinyamaswa bitanga ubutumwa busobanutse neza ko imyitwarire myiza ari ngombwa kubaguzi. Ubucuruzi bworohereza inyamaswa bushobora kuba bukubiyemo ibicuruzwa bitarangwamo ubugome n’ibikomoka ku bimera, ibigo byubahiriza isoko ry’ibikomoka ku nyamaswa, cyangwa n’ibishyigikira byimazeyo imiryango itabara inyamaswa. Muguhitamo nkana ubucuruzi, abantu barashobora guteza imbere isoko ryimpuhwe kandi zifite inshingano. Gushyigikira ubucuruzi bworohereza inyamaswa ntabwo bigirira akamaro inyamaswa gusa ahubwo binashishikariza andi masosiyete gukora ibikorwa nkibi, biganisha ku ngaruka nini ku mibereho y’inyamaswa.
Abakorerabushake aho bacumbikira amatungo.
Bumwe mu buryo bukomeye abaturage bashobora kugira mu mibereho y’inyamaswa ni ukwitanga ku bworozi bw’inyamaswa. Ubu buhungiro bugira uruhare runini mugutanga ubuhungiro bwigihe gito, kubitaho, no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe inyamaswa zatereranywe, zahohotewe, kandi zititaweho. Mugutanga umwanya nubuhanga bwabo, abakorerabushake barashobora gufasha mubikorwa bitandukanye, nko kugaburira, gutunganya, gukora siporo, no gusabana ninyamaswa. Byongeye kandi, abakorerabushake barashobora gufasha mubikorwa byubuyobozi, imbaraga zo gukusanya inkunga, na gahunda zo kwegera abaturage. Mu kugira uruhare rugaragara mu bikorwa bya buri munsi by’ubuhungiro bw’inyamaswa, abaturage barashobora guhindura ibintu bifatika mu buzima bw’izi nyamaswa zitishoboye kandi bakagira uruhare mu mibereho rusange y’abaturage babo.
Shishikariza gutunga amatungo ashinzwe.
Ikindi kintu cyingenzi mu guteza imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa ni ugushishikariza gutunga amatungo ashinzwe . Inshingano zinyamanswa zirimo gutanga ubwitonzi bukwiye, kwitabwaho, hamwe nibidukikije byuje urukundo kubitungwa mubuzima bwabo bwose. Ibi bikubiyemo gutanga ubuvuzi bwamatungo buri gihe, kureba ko amatungo yakira imirire myiza nimyitozo ngororamubiri, no gutanga ahantu heza kandi hizewe. Byongeye kandi, abafite amatungo bashinzwe bagomba gushyira imbere gutera cyangwa gutunga amatungo yabo kugirango birinde ubwinshi bwabaturage no kugabanya umubare w’inyamaswa zirangirira mu buhungiro. Mu kwigisha abaturage akamaro ko gutunga amatungo ashinzwe no gutanga ibikoresho nka gahunda zamahugurwa namakuru ajyanye no kwita ku matungo, dushobora gushiraho umuryango uha agaciro imibereho y’inyamaswa zose kandi ugateza imbere umuco wimpuhwe ninshingano.
Kurera cyangwa kurera amatungo.
Bumwe mu buryo bukomeye abenegihugu bagira uruhare rugaragara mu guteza imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa ni ukurera cyangwa kurera amatungo. Mugukingura amazu yabo numutima kuri ziriya nyamaswa zikeneye, abantu barashobora kubaha ahantu h'umutekano wigihe gito cyangwa gihoraho. Kurera bituma inyamaswa zitaweho kandi zikitabwaho mugihe zitegereje ingo zabo ubuziraherezo, mugihe kurerwa bitanga ubuzima bwawe bwose bwo gutanga ibidukikije byuje urukundo kandi birera. Muguhitamo kurera cyangwa kurera inyamaswa zibamo, abaturage ntibarokora ubuzima gusa ahubwo banagira uruhare mukugabanya ubucucike bwuburaro no guha ayo matungo amahirwe ya kabiri yo kwishima. Byongeye kandi, itanga amahirwe kubenegihugu kugira umunezero no kunyurwa biva mugukingura urugo rwabo kubana ninyamanswa.
Vuga kurwanya ubugome bw'inyamaswa.
Abaturage bafite uruhare runini mu guharanira uburenganzira n'imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa bavuga nabi ubugome bw’inyamaswa. Ibi bikubiyemo gukangurira abantu kumenya uburyo butandukanye bwo guhohoterwa no gufatwa nabi inyamaswa zikunze kwihanganira. Mu kwigisha abandi ingaruka mbi ziterwa no kurwanya inyamaswa, kutita ku, no gutererana, abaturage barashobora guteza imbere impuhwe n’impuhwe ku nyamaswa aho batuye. Byongeye kandi, barashobora gutera inkunga no kwishora mumiryango ishinzwe imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa, bitanga igihe cyabo cyangwa umutungo wabo kugirango bafashe mu nshingano zabo zo kurinda no kwita ku nyamaswa zikeneye. Mu kuvuga nabi ubugome bw’inyamaswa, abaturage barashobora kugira uruhare mu gushinga umuryango uha agaciro kandi wubaha uburenganzira bwihariye bw’ibinyabuzima byose.
Kwitabira ibikorwa byimibereho yinyamaswa.
Kwitabira ibikorwa by’imibereho y’inyamanswa ni inzira nziza kubaturage gushyigikira byimazeyo no gutanga umusanzu mubuzima bwiza bwinyamaswa. Ibi birori bitanga urubuga kubantu bahuje ibitekerezo kugirango bahuze kandi bafatanye mubikorwa bikangurira abantu, guteza imbere gutunga amatungo ashinzwe, no guharanira amategeko akomeye yo kurengera inyamaswa . Mu kwitabira ibyo birori, abaturage barashobora gukomeza kumenyeshwa ibibazo by’ingutu by’imibereho y’inyamanswa aho batuye kandi bakiga uburyo bwo kwishora muburyo bufite intego. Yaba igira uruhare mu gutwara ibinyabiziga, gukusanya inkunga yo kubakira inyamaswa, cyangwa kwitanga ku mavuriro ya spay / neuter, abaturage barashobora kugira uruhare rugaragara mu buzima bw’inyamaswa bitabira cyane ibyo birori byaho. Byongeye kandi, kwitabira ibi birori kandi bituma abantu bahuza nabakunzi b’inyamanswa, bakazana imyumvire y’abaturage n’ubufatanye mu ntego bahuriyemo yo kurema isi itekanye, yuzuye impuhwe ku biremwa byose bifite imyumvire.
Gutanga mumiryango ishinzwe gutabara inyamaswa.
Gushyigikira amashyirahamwe yo gutabara inyamaswa binyuze mu mpano ni ubundi buryo bw'ingenzi abaturage kugira uruhare runini mu mibereho y’inyamaswa. Iyi miryango ikora ubudacogora mu gutabara no kwita ku nyamaswa zatereranywe, zahohotewe, kandi zititaweho, zibaha amahirwe yo kubaho neza. Mu gutanga iyo miryango, abaturage barashobora kugira uruhare rutaziguye mu gutanga ibikoresho nk’ibiribwa, aho kuba, kwivuza, no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe inyamaswa zikeneye. Izi mpano ntabwo zifasha gusa gukomeza ibikorwa bya buri munsi byimiryango ishinzwe ubutabazi ahubwo inabafasha kwagura ibikorwa byabo ningaruka, amaherezo bikazamura ubuzima bwinyamaswa zitabarika. Yaba impano inshuro imwe cyangwa umusanzu wagarutsweho, buri dorari rirabara kandi rigira icyo rihindura mukurinda imibereho n'imibereho myiza yibi biremwa byugarijwe. Hamwe na hamwe, binyuze mu nkunga yacu, turashobora gushiraho ejo hazaza heza h'inyamaswa zikeneye.
Mu gusoza, tugomba kumenya ko amategeko y’imibereho y’inyamaswa atari inshingano za guverinoma gusa. Nka banyagihugu, dufise uruhara ruhambaye mu kurinda inyamaswa n'imibereho myiza. Kumenyeshwa, kuvugira abadashoboye, no gushyigikira amashyirahamwe na politiki ishyira imbere imibereho yinyamaswa, turashobora kugira uruhare runini mukurema isi nziza kubiremwa byose. Reka dukomeze gukora ubuvugizi kandi dushyigikire gufata neza inyamaswa nubumuntu, kuko nabo bafite agaciro mumuryango wacu.
Ibibazo
Ni ubuhe buryo bumwe abaturage bashobora gushyigikira no guteza imbere amategeko y’imibereho y’inyamaswa aho batuye?
Bumwe mu buryo abaturage bashobora gushyigikira no guteza imbere amategeko y’imibereho y’inyamaswa mu gace batuyemo harimo kugira uruhare mu biganiro mbwirwaruhame cyangwa mu nama z’umujyi kugira ngo bagaragaze ko bashyigikiye ingamba zikomeye zo kurengera inyamaswa, kuvugana n’abayobozi batowe mu nzego z’ibanze kugira ngo bagaragaze ko bahangayikishijwe, gushyigikira no kwitanga ku bworozi bw’amatungo yaho cyangwa imiryango itabara imbabare, kwigisha abandi ibijyanye n’akamaro k’imibereho y’inyamaswa ndetse no gutunga inyamaswa z’inyamanswa binyuze mu gusaba cyangwa guharanira inyungu. Byongeye kandi, abaturage barashobora gushyigikira ubucuruzi n’imiryango ishyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa kandi bakirinda gutera inkunga abadashyigikiye.
Nigute abanyagihugu bashobora kuguma bamenyeshwa amategeko agenga imibereho yinyamanswa hamwe nibisabwa guhinduka cyangwa kuvugururwa?
Abaturage barashobora gukomeza kumenyeshwa amategeko agenga imibereho y’inyamaswa kandi bagasaba impinduka cyangwa ivugururwa bagenzura buri gihe imbuga za leta zemewe, kwiyandikisha mu binyamakuru cyangwa kumenyeshwa n’imiryango ishinzwe imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa, gukurikira konti mbuga nkoranyambaga z’inzego zibishinzwe n’imiryango ibishinzwe, kwitabira inama rusange cyangwa iburanisha, no kujya mu biganiro n’abahagarariye abaturage cyangwa amatsinda aharanira inyungu z’inyamaswa. Ni ngombwa gushakisha byimazeyo amakuru aturuka ahantu hizewe kandi ugakomeza kwishora mu bikorwa by’amategeko kugira ngo abaturage bamenye impinduka cyangwa ivugurura rishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibereho y’inyamaswa aho batuye.
Haba hari amashyirahamwe cyangwa amatsinda yihariye abaturage bashobora kwishyira hamwe kugirango baharanire amategeko akomeye y’imibereho y’inyamaswa ?
Nibyo, hariho amashyirahamwe nitsinda amatsinda abenegihugu bashobora kwishyira hamwe kugirango baharanire amategeko akomeye y’imibereho y’inyamaswa. Amashyirahamwe azwi cyane arimo Sosiyete Humane yo muri Amerika, Abantu bashinzwe imyitwarire y’inyamaswa (PETA), Ikigega cyo kurengera amatungo y’amategeko, no kurengera inyamaswa ku isi. Iyi miryango ikora mu rwego rwo kurinda inyamaswa binyuze mu guharanira inyungu, ubukangurambaga bukangurira abaturage, ibikorwa by’amategeko, no kunganira abaturage. Mu kwinjira muri aya matsinda, abaturage barashobora gutanga umwanya wabo, umutungo wabo, nijwi ryabo kugirango bashyigikire kandi biteze imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa kandi bashake amategeko akomeye yo kubarinda ihohoterwa no kutitabwaho.
Ni uruhe ruhare abaturage bafite mu gutanga amakuru ku ihohoterwa rikorerwa inyamaswa cyangwa kutitabwaho, kandi ni gute bashobora kwemeza ko ibibazo byabo byakemuwe neza?
Abaturage bafite uruhare runini mu kumenyekanisha ibibazo by’ihohoterwa ry’inyamaswa cyangwa kutita ku kuba maso no kwitegereza aho batuye. Bashobora kumenyesha ibibazo byabo inzego zishinzwe kugenzura inyamaswa zaho, abashinzwe kubahiriza amategeko, cyangwa imiryango ishinzwe imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa. Kugira ngo ibibazo byabo bikemuke neza, abaturage bagomba gutanga amakuru arambuye nk'ahantu, itariki, n'ibisobanuro by'ibihe. Harimo ibimenyetso byose, nkamafoto cyangwa videwo, birashobora kandi gufasha. Gukurikirana abayobozi niba nta cyemezo gifashwe no kwegera itangazamakuru ryaho cyangwa amatsinda aharanira inyungu z’inyamaswa nabyo birashobora kongera amahirwe y’ibibazo byabo byakemurwa neza.
Haba hari ibikorwa cyangwa imyitwarire yihariye abaturage bagomba kwirinda kugirango barebe ko batubahiriza nkana amategeko y’imibereho y’inyamaswa?
Abaturage bagomba kwirinda ibikorwa nko kwirengagiza cyangwa guhohotera inyamaswa, kugira uruhare mu bikorwa byo kurwanya inyamaswa mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko, kugura amatungo ku buryo butemewe cyangwa butemewe, no gushyigikira ubucuruzi cyangwa inganda zigira uruhare mu bugizi bwa nabi bw’inyamaswa. Ni ngombwa kumenyera amategeko agenga imibereho y’inyamaswa, gukurikiza uburyo bwo gutunga amatungo ashinzwe, no kumenyesha abayobozi babikekwaho ubugizi bwa nabi bw’inyamaswa cyangwa kutita ku nzego zibishinzwe. Gufata ingamba zo kwiyigisha ibibazo bijyanye n’imibereho y’inyamaswa no gutera inkunga imiryango iharanira imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa birashobora kandi gufasha kubahiriza amategeko y’imibereho y’inyamaswa.