Imbere mu ibagiro: Amarangamutima na psychologiya yishyurwa ku nyamaswa

Ibagiro ni ahantu inyamaswa zitunganyirizwa inyama nibindi bicuruzwa bikomoka ku nyamaswa. Mugihe abantu benshi batazi inzira zirambuye na tekiniki zibera muribi bigo, hariho ibintu bikaze byihishe inyuma yibintu bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku nyamaswa zirimo. Kurenga ku mubare w'umubiri, bigaragara, inyamaswa ziri mu ibagiro nazo zigira akababaro gakomeye k'amarangamutima ndetse na psychologiya, akenshi usanga yirengagizwa. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza amarangamutima n’imyumvire ku nyamaswa ziri mu ibagiro, isuzuma uburyo imyitwarire yabo n’imitekerereze bigira ingaruka n’ingaruka nini ku mibereho y’inyamaswa.

Imiterere Imbere Ibagiro n'ingaruka zabyo ku mibereho y’inyamaswa

Ibintu biri imbere mu ibagiro akenshi usanga biteye ubwoba kandi bitagira ubumuntu, bigatuma inyamaswa zikurikirana ibintu bibi cyane bitangira kera mbere yuko bapfa. Ibi bikoresho, byateguwe cyane cyane kubikorwa no kunguka, ni akajagari, birenze, kandi bitesha umuntu agaciro, bigatera ibidukikije biteye ubwoba inyamaswa.

Kugaragara kumubiri no kugenda kugarukira

Iyo uhageze, inyamaswa zihita zishyirwa ahantu hato, zifungiwe aho zidashobora kugenda mu bwisanzure. Inka, ingurube, n'inkoko bikunze guhurizwa mu kato cyangwa amakaramu atabemerera guhindukira, kereka kuryama neza. Ibi bihe bigoye birababaje kumubiri, kandi inyamaswa zumva ko zitishoboye. Kuri benshi, uku kwifungisha ni bwo bwa mbere bahura n’amaganya n’iterabwoba by’ibagiro.

Kurugero, inka, zisanzwe nini kandi zikeneye umwanya wo kuzerera, zihura numubabaro mwinshi iyo zuzuye mumakaramu, zihatirwa mumwanya ubuza kugenda, kandi ntizishobore kwishora mubikorwa bisanzwe. Ingurube, inyamaswa zifite ubwenge n’imibereho, zibangamiwe cyane no kwigunga. Ibiremwa mbonezamubano muri kamere, ingurube zibikwa wenyine mumasanduku mato amasaha cyangwa iminsi mbere yo kubagwa akenshi zigaragaza ibimenyetso byububabare bukabije bwo mumutwe, harimo kwihuta, kwikubita umutwe, hamwe n imyitwarire isubiramo, ibyo bikaba ari ibimenyetso byerekana guhangayika bikabije.

Kurenza urugero Urusaku hamwe na Sensory Kurenza

Ibyiyumvo birenze urugero mubagiro ni kimwe mubintu biteye ubwoba byibi bidukikije. Urusaku rwinshi, rukomeje rwimashini, inyamaswa ziragira, ninduru yandi matungo yicwa bitera cacophony yiterabwoba. Ijwi ryamajwi rihoraho ntirirenze kubangamira inyamaswa - ni isoko yo guhangayika cyane. Induru nini cyane y’inyamaswa bagenzi babo bafite ububabare yumvikana mu kigo cyose, byongera ubwoba no kwitiranya ibintu.

Urusaku rwinshi rwangiza cyane cyane inyamaswa zifite imyumvire yo kumva, nk'ingurube n'inka, uburyo bwo kwumva bukaba bwumva cyane abantu. Aya majwi arashobora gutera ubwoba, kuko abahuza nurupfu nububabare. Uru rusaku ruhoraho, hamwe nububabare bwo kubona izindi nyamaswa zifite ubwoba, bivamo guhangayika gukabije kwiyongera mugihe, biganisha ku kwangirika kwimitekerereze yamara igihe kirekire.

Kurenza imbaraga Impumuro nuburyo budasukuye

Umwuka uri mu ibagiro ni mwinshi hamwe n'umunuko w'amaraso, umwanda, n'impumuro nziza y'urupfu. Ku nyamaswa, impumuro ni ibimenyetso simusiga byerekana ibibategereje. Impumuro y'amaraso yonyine irashobora kuba imbarutso ikomeye yo guhangayika, kubera ko inyamaswa zahujwe cyane no kuba hariho amaraso, bikayihuza no gukomeretsa cyangwa gupfa mu gasozi. Impumuro yububabare bwubwoko bwabo bwongera ubwoba bwabo, bigatera umwuka witerabwoba inyamaswa zidashobora kwirinda.

Ibintu bidafite isuku mubagiro benshi nabyo byongera imihangayiko. Hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byihuta by’inyamanswa hamwe n’ubwinshi bw’ubwicanyi bubaho, isuku ikunze kwirengagizwa. Inyamaswa zihatirwa kwihagararaho mu mwuka wazo, zikikijwe n’imyanda, ikongeramo urundi rwego rwo kutoroherwa n’akababaro. Umwanda no kubura isuku byongera inyamaswa kumva intege nke no kwigunga, bigatuma uburambe burushaho gutera ubwoba.

Kubura uburyo bwiza no kwitabwaho impuhwe

Kubura uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo bya kimuntu byongera gusa amarangamutima na psychologiya ku nyamaswa. Bakunze gukandamizwa, gukubitwa, no gusunikwa n'abakozi bafite igitutu cyo kwimura inyamaswa nyinshi vuba. Uburyo bwubugome nubugizi bwa nabi bwongera inyamaswa ubwoba, bikabatera ubwoba bwinshi. Inyamaswa nyinshi zikururwa namaguru cyangwa zihatirwa ahantu hafatanye hifashishijwe amashanyarazi, bitera ububabare bwumubiri nubwoba bwamarangamutima.

Inkoko, kurugero, zibangamiwe cyane muribi bihe. Igikorwa cyo gukemura gishobora kuba urugomo, abakozi bakabafata amaguru cyangwa amababa yoroshye, bigatera kuvunika no gutandukana. Iterabwoba rikabije ryo gukemurwa muri ubu buryo rishobora kwangiza amarangamutima igihe kirekire, kandi inyamaswa akenshi zifite ubwoba kuburyo zitagerageza gutoroka.

Uburyo butangaje buhagije burashobora kandi gutera imibabaro myinshi yo mumutwe. Niba inyamanswa idatangaye neza mbere yo kubagwa, ikomeza kuba mubwenge mugihe cyose. Ibi bivuze ko inyamaswa ifite uburemere bwuzuye bwihungabana ryamarangamutima, kuva ubwoba bwikibukikije kugeza ububabare bwo kwicwa. Ingaruka zo mumitekerereze yibi byabaye ni ndende, kubera ko inyamaswa zidakorerwa gusa umubiri ahubwo zikaba zizi neza iherezo ryazo, bigatuma imibabaro yabo itihanganirwa.

Kubura ibidukikije

Ahari ikintu cyingenzi mu ihungabana ryamarangamutima inyamaswa zicamo ibagiro ni ukubura ibidukikije bisanzwe. Ku gasozi, inyamaswa zifite ahantu hafunguye, imibanire myiza, nimyitwarire isanzwe igira uruhare mubuzima bwabo bwo mumutwe. Ariko, murwego rwo kubagamo, ibyo bintu byose byambuwe. Inka, ingurube, n'inkoko bahatirwa kwihanganira ibidukikije bibambura icyubahiro n'umutekano wabo. Kubura imbaraga zidasanzwe hamwe no kudashobora kwerekana imyitwarire isanzwe nko kurisha, guteramo, cyangwa gusabana bikagira uruhare mubyifuzo byabo byo guhangayika no kwiheba.

Guhora uhura nibihe bidasanzwe - amatara ahuma, amajwi aranguruye, gufata nabi - biganisha ku gucika intege mubushobozi bwinyamaswa zo guhangana. Amarangamutima yabo arangirika vuba, bikaviramo kumva ko batishoboye. Kubura uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo guhumurizwa cyangwa umutekano bituma ibyo bidukikije bisa na gereza zinyamaswa, aho ubwoba no kwitiranya byiganje buri mwanya.

Guhahamuka Amarangamutima

Indunduro yibi bintu - kwifungisha, urusaku, impumuro, gufata nabi, no kutagira ibidukikije bisanzwe - biganisha ku ihungabana rikomeye ku nyamaswa. Ubwoba, urujijo, n'ubwoba ntabwo ari ibintu byigihe gito; akenshi birakomeza, bigatera imiterere yumubabaro udashira mumarangamutima. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko inyamaswa zanduye ibintu nk'izo zishobora kugira ingaruka zirambye zo mu mutwe, harimo n'ihungabana nyuma yo guhahamuka (PTSD). Ibimenyetso nka hypervigilance, kwirinda, no kwiheba bikunze kugaragara mu nyamaswa zihanganiye ibihe bibi cyane.

Mu gusoza, ibintu biri mu ibagiro birenze kure cyane kubabara ku mubiri; barema ikuzimu ya psychologiya kubinyamaswa zirimo. Kwifungisha bikabije, kubyutsa ibyiyumvo byinshi, no kuvura ubumuntu bisenya ubuzima bwiza bwo mumitekerereze no mumarangamutima yinyamaswa, biganisha ku ihahamuka rirambye rirenze kure ibikomere byabo byumubiri. Izi nyamaswa ntizihanganira ububabare bwimibiri yabo gusa ahubwo nububabare bwubwenge bwabo, bigatuma imibabaro bahura nayo mubagiro iteye ubwoba.

Ubwoba n'amaganya mu nyamaswa

Ubwoba nimwe mubisubizo byihuse byamarangamutima inyamaswa zibona mubagiro. Amajwi yandi matungo ari mubibazo, kubona amaraso, hamwe n’ibidukikije bitamenyerewe byose bigira uruhare mu kumva ubwoba. Ku nyamaswa zihiga nk'inka, ingurube, n'inkoko, kuba hari inyamaswa zangiza (abantu cyangwa imashini) byongera ubwoba gusa. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko inyamaswa ziri mu ibagiro zigaragaza ibimenyetso byo guhangayika, nko guhinda umushyitsi, gutaka, no kugerageza gutoroka.

Ubu bwoba ntabwo ari reaction yigihe gito ariko burashobora kugira ingaruka zigihe kirekire mumitekerereze. Amatungo ahura nigihe kirekire cyubwoba arashobora kugira ibimenyetso byihungabana nyuma yihungabana, harimo imyitwarire yo kwirinda, hypervigilance, hamwe nibisubizo bidasanzwe. Iyi myitwarire yerekana uburemere bwimibabaro yabo yo mumitekerereze.

Ihungabana rya psychologiya riva mubidukikije bidasanzwe

Ibidukikije bidasanzwe byabagamo bikomeza kugira uruhare mubitekerezo by’inyamaswa. Amatungo akunze kubikwa ahantu hafungiwe igihe kinini mbere yo kubagwa, bikabangamira imyitwarire yabo. Kurugero, ingurube ninyamaswa mbonezamubano, ariko mubagiro benshi, zigumishwa mu bwigunge, biganisha ku gucika intege, guhangayika, no kwamburwa imibereho. Inkoko, nazo, zihura nububabare bwo mumutwe iyo zubatswe ahantu huzuye abantu, aho zidashobora kwishora mubikorwa bisanzwe nko guhondagura cyangwa guhonda.

Kwambura imyitwarire karemano nuburyo bwo kwangiza imitekerereze ubwayo. Kudashobora gushakisha, gukorana nandi matungo, cyangwa no kugenda mu bwisanzure bitera ibidukikije byo gucika intege nububabare. Uku kwifungisha guhoraho biganisha ku ntera yo kwiyongera yibitero, guhangayika, nizindi ndwara zo mumitekerereze yinyamaswa.

Uruhare rwo Gutegereza mu Kubabara Amarangamutima

Imwe mumasoko akomeye yububabare bwamarangamutima kubinyamaswa zibagamo ni ugutegereza urupfu. Nubwo uburambe bwubwoba bwihuse mugihe cyo gutwara no gutwara ibintu biteye ubwoba, gutegereza ibizaza ni ngombwa. Inyamaswa zirashobora kumva impinduka mubidukikije kandi zigatora ibimenyetso byerekana ubwicanyi bwegereje. Uku gutegereza kurashobora gutera imihangayiko idakira, mugihe inyamaswa zitegereje ibihe byazo, akenshi zitazi igihe cyangwa izicwa.

Umubare wimitekerereze yo gutegereza ni mwinshi, kuko ushyira inyamaswa muburyo budashidikanywaho no guhangayika. Inyamaswa nyinshi zigaragaza ibimenyetso by’akababaro, nko kwihuta, kuvuga, cyangwa kugerageza gutoroka, bikerekana ko zizi iterabwoba ryugarije. Iyi miterere yubwoba ntabwo ibabaza amarangamutima gusa ahubwo irashobora no kugira ingaruka kumibereho yabo muri rusange, biganisha kumubiri wumubiri ucika intege ndetse no kwandura indwara.

Ingaruka zimikorere yubumuntu

Mugihe ibagiro ryakozwe mbere na mbere hagamijwe gukora neza, intego yo gutanga umusaruro akenshi iza kumafaranga ataziguye yo kuvura abantu. Umuvuduko wihuse wubwicanyi, uburyo buhebuje butangaje, hamwe no gukoresha uburyo bwo gufata nabi ubukana bituma kwiyongera kwimibabaro yatewe ninyamaswa. Ibi bikorwa byubumuntu, bishyira imbere umuvuduko ninyungu kuruta imibereho yinyamaswa, bivamo ihungabana ryimitekerereze n’amarangamutima ku nyamaswa zirimo.

Rushed Kwica ningaruka zabyo

Mu ibagiro ryinshi, inzira irihuta cyane ku buryo inyamaswa zifatwa hafi, nta kintu na kimwe cyita ku mibereho yabo. Ibidukikije biteye ubwoba, akenshi biterwa nigitutu cyo kwica inyamaswa nyinshi mugihe gito, byongera imihangayiko nubwoba. Abakozi, botswa igitutu cyo kwimura inyamaswa vuba, barashobora kwishora muburyo bwo gufata nabi ibikorwa byongera inyamaswa ubwoba no kwitiranya ibintu. Aho kugira ngo bayobore ubwitonzi, inyamaswa akenshi zirasunikwa, zikubitwa, cyangwa zikururwa mu kigo, bikarushaho kwiyongera. Uyu muvuduko wihuse ntabwo wemera kuvurwa gutuje, witonze bikenewe kugabanya amaganya no gukumira ihahamuka.

Umuvuduko ukorerwa ibagiro bisobanura kandi ko inyamaswa zishobora kutabona uburyo bwiza butangaje bwingenzi mukugabanya imibabaro yabo. Igitangaje kigamije gutuma inyamaswa itagira ubwenge mbere yubwicanyi butangira, ariko mubagiro benshi, inzira zitangaje zikorwa nabi cyangwa zisimbuka burundu. Niba inyamaswa idatangaye neza, ikomeza kumenya neza uko ibagwa, ikamenya neza ibiyikikije ndetse nurupfu rwenda gupfa. Ibi bivuze ko inyamanswa itababazwa gusa nububabare bwumubiri bwo kwicwa ahubwo inagira ubwoba bukabije bwamarangamutima yo kumenya ibibera. Iterabwoba ryibintu nk'ibi rishobora kugereranywa ninzozi mbi, aho inyamaswa yumva idafite imbaraga kandi iguye mu mutego, idashobora guhunga iherezo ryayo.

Ingaruka zo mumitekerereze yiyi mibabaro ikabije irakomeye. Inyamaswa yihanganira akababaro ko mu mutwe k'ububabare bukabije buturuka ku gukomeretsa ku mubiri, ariko kandi ikanamenya no kumenya urupfu rwayo. Uku guhuza ihungabana ryumubiri nu marangamutima bitera ingaruka zimbitse, zirambye zidashobora gusubirwaho byoroshye, kabone niyo inyamaswa yagombaga kurokoka inzira yo kubaga.

Ibitekerezo byimyitwarire no gukenera impinduka

Dufatiye ku myitwarire myiza, gufata inyamaswa mu ibagiro bitera impungenge zikomeye. Imigenzo ikwirakwizwa yo gufunga, gufata, no kubaga inyamaswa mubihe bitera ubwoba bwinshi nububabare bukabije hamwe no kumenya ko inyamaswa ari ibiremwa bifite ubushobozi bwo kubabara, ubwoba, nububabare. Iyi myitozo ntabwo yangiza gusa ahubwo inagira imyitwarire idahwitse iyo urebye binyuze mumurongo wimpuhwe nimpuhwe zababajwe nabandi.

Inyamaswa, nkabantu ku giti cyabo bafite agaciro kabo bwite, bakwiriye kubaho nta byago bidakenewe. Inzira yo kubaga, cyane cyane iyo ikorewe mubidukikije ishyira imbere imikorere myiza kuruta imibereho yabo, bitandukanye cyane nihame ryimyitwarire yo kugabanya ibibi. Ibintu byubugizi bwa nabi, bitesha umutwe imbere y’ibagiro, aho usanga inyamaswa zikunze kugira ubwoba bukabije nububabare bwumubiri, ntibishobora gutsindishirizwa nubushake bwabantu cyangwa icyifuzo cyinyama cyangwa ibikomoka ku nyamaswa. Ingaruka zumuco zo gushyigikira sisitemu zitera inyamaswa kubabazwa zirwanya ishingiro ryimyitwarire yumuryango uvuga ko uha agaciro ubutabera nimpuhwe kubinyabuzima byose.

Byongeye kandi, imyitwarire yimyitwarire irenze imibabaro ihita inyamaswa zibagwa. Harimo ingaruka z’ibidukikije n’imibereho y’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa, bikomeza ihohoterwa n’ikoreshwa. Gushyigikira inganda zishingiye ku gukoresha inyamaswa bigira uruhare mu gukomeza iyi mibabaro. Kumenya uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa no gutekereza ku mibereho yabo nkibyingenzi mu gufata ibyemezo byimyitwarire bishobora gutuma umuntu ahinduka mubikorwa biha agaciro ubuzima kandi byubaha ibyifuzo byabo byamarangamutima nibitekerezo.

Hano harakenewe cyane gusubiramo sisitemu iriho igenga uburyo bwo kuvura inyamaswa mu nganda zibiribwa. Ntabwo arikibazo cyo kunoza imiterere mubagiro; bisaba impinduka zifatika muburyo societe ibona inyamaswa n umwanya wazo kwisi. Gukenera impinduka gushinga imizi mu kumenya ko inyamaswa atari ibicuruzwa bigomba gukoreshwa ahubwo ko ari ibiremwa bifite ubuzima, amarangamutima, n'ibyifuzo byo kubaho bitarangwamo ingaruka. Imyitwarire ishingiye ku myitwarire isaba ko dushyigikira ubundi buryo bwubahiriza uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa, kugabanya ibyangiritse, no guteza imbere isi aho imibabaro igaragara mu ibagiro itakihanganirwa cyangwa ngo igire ishingiro.