Kurya inyama byabaye igice cyibanze cyimirire yabantu mu binyejana byinshi. Kuva mu mashyirahamwe yo guhiga hakiri kare kugeza mu bihugu byateye imbere mu nganda, kurya ibikomoka ku matungo byashinze imizi mu muco gakondo no mu mibereho ya buri munsi. Ariko, hamwe n’ubwiyongere bw’imyitwarire n’ibidukikije, ibitekerezo by’imyitwarire bijyanye no kurya inyamaswa byaje kwibazwaho. Abantu benshi n’imiryango baharanira ko hahindurwa ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera, bavuga ko abantu bashobora kubaho kandi bagatera imbere badakoresheje ibikomoka ku nyamaswa. Iyi ngingo izasesengura ibitekerezo bitandukanye bijyanye n’imyitwarire y’inyamaswa n'impamvu abantu bashobora kubaho, badashingiye ku bikomoka ku nyamaswa kugira ngo babone ibyo bakeneye. Mugusuzuma ingaruka zumuco, hamwe ningaruka ku bidukikije n’ubuzima, byo kurya inyamaswa, turashobora gusobanukirwa byimbitse kubitekerezo byimyitwarire bigira uruhare muguhitamo ibiryo ndetse ninyungu zishobora guturuka kumirire ishingiye kubihingwa. Ubwanyuma, iyi ngingo igamije kurwanya amahame mbwirwaruhame yo kurya inyamaswa no gushishikariza gutekereza cyane kubyo duhitamo ibiryo kugirango tugire ejo hazaza heza kandi harambye kubantu ndetse ninyamaswa.
Ingaruka zimyitwarire yo kurya inyamaswa.
Ikiganiro kijyanye n'ingaruka zimyitwarire yo kurya inyamaswa cyitabiriwe cyane mumyaka yashize. Hamwe no kwiyongera kw'ibikomoka ku bimera n'ibikomoka ku bimera, abantu bagenda bibaza ku mico yo gukoresha inyamaswa mu biryo. Imyitwarire myiza ituruka ku mpungenge z’imibereho y’inyamaswa, ingaruka z’ibidukikije, n’agaciro kavukire k’ibinyabuzima bifite imyumvire. Benshi bavuga ko inyamaswa zifite ubushobozi bwo guhura n’ububabare, imibabaro, n’akababaro ko mu mutima, bigatuma ikibazo cy’imyitwarire kibashyira mu kato, kubakoresha, ndetse n’urupfu kugira ngo abantu barye. Byongeye kandi, uruhare rw’inganda mu buhinzi mu gutema amashyamba, ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, no kugabanuka kw’umutungo kamere biratera impungenge impungenge zirambye n’igihe kirekire cyo kurya amatungo. Izi ngorane zishingiye ku myitwarire idutera gutekereza ku guhitamo kwacu no gutekereza ku bundi buryo bwo kugaburira ubwacu bujyanye n'indangagaciro zacu no kubaha ibiremwa byose.
Ingaruka ku bidukikije zo kurya inyama.
Ingaruka ku bidukikije zo kurya inyama ni ikintu cyingenzi tugomba gusuzuma mugihe muganira kubitekerezo byerekeranye no gukoresha inyamaswa ibiryo. Inganda z’ubworozi nizo zigira uruhare runini mu gusohora ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko bugira uruhare runini mu myuka ihumanya metani ndetse n’umwuka wa azote. Byongeye kandi, umusaruro winyama usaba ubutaka, amazi, nimbaraga nyinshi. Gutema amashyamba ahantu nyaburanga hagamijwe kurisha no guhinga ibihingwa by’ibiryo by’amatungo ntibihungabanya urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima gusa ahubwo binagira uruhare mu ihindagurika ry’ikirere. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha amazi menshi mu bworozi bw'amatungo bitera ikibazo ku masoko y'amazi meza, bigatuma ibibazo by'ibura ry'amazi mu turere twinshi. Urebye izo ngaruka ku bidukikije, gushakisha ubundi buryo bwo guhitamo imirire bugabanya kwishingikiriza ku bikomoka ku nyamaswa birashobora kugira uruhare runini mu kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere no kubungabunga umutungo kamere.
Ubundi buryo burambye bwibikomoka ku nyamaswa.
Hariho uburyo bwinshi burambye bwibicuruzwa byinyamanswa zishobora gufasha abantu kugabanya ibidukikije no guteza imbere imyitwarire myiza yo guhitamo ibiryo. Indyo ishingiye ku bimera, urugero, ishimangira kurya imbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke, ibinyamisogwe, imbuto, nimbuto nkisoko yambere yimirire. Ubu buryo bushingiye ku bimera butanga intungamubiri nyinshi kandi burashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibiryo biryoshye kandi bifite intungamubiri. Byongeye kandi, habaye kwiyongera mu iterambere no kuboneka kw'ibisimburwa by'inyama bikozwe mu bimera bishingiye ku bimera nka soya, amashaza, n'ibihumyo. Ubundi buryo bwigana uburyohe nuburyo bwibicuruzwa bishingiye ku nyamaswa, bitanga uburambe bushimishije kubashaka kuva mu nyama zisanzwe. Byongeye kandi, guhinga ibikomoka ku bimera bisaba ubutaka, amazi, ingufu nke ugereranije n’ubuhinzi bw’amatungo, bigatuma ihitamo rirambye. Mugukurikiza ubundi buryo burambye bwibikomoka ku nyamaswa, abantu barashobora gutanga umusanzu muri gahunda y’ibiribwa byangiza ibidukikije n’impuhwe.
Ibyiza byubuzima bwibiryo bishingiye ku bimera.
Indyo zishingiye ku bimera zajyanye nibyiza byinshi byubuzima. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko abantu bakurikiza indyo ishingiye ku bimera usanga bafite ibyago bike by’indwara zidakira nk'umubyibuho ukabije, indwara z'umutima, diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, na kanseri zimwe na zimwe. Ibi ahanini biterwa no gufata cyane imbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke, n'ibinyamisogwe, bikungahaye kuri vitamine, imyunyu ngugu, na fibre. Indyo zishingiye ku bimera usanga ziri munsi y’amavuta yuzuye na cholesterol, zishobora gufasha gukomeza umuvuduko ukabije wamaraso hamwe na cholesterol. Byongeye kandi, ubwinshi bwa antioxydants iboneka mu biribwa bishingiye ku bimera bifasha kugabanya gucana no guhagarika umutima mu mubiri, bigira uruhare mu buzima muri rusange. Byongeye kandi, indyo ishingiye ku bimera yahujwe no gucunga neza ubuzima no kuzamura ubuzima bwo munda, bitewe na fibre nyinshi. Mu gufata indyo ishingiye ku bimera, abantu barashobora kubona inyungu zubuzima mugihe banagira ingaruka nziza kubidukikije.
Impaka zerekeye imyitwarire yo kwica inyamaswa.
Impaka zishingiye ku myitwarire yerekeye iyicwa ry’inyamaswa ni ikibazo kitoroshye kandi gishyamirana cyitabiriwe cyane mu myaka yashize. Abashyigikiye uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa bavuga ko ibiremwa byose bifite uburenganzira bwo kubaho kandi ko bidakwiye kugirirwa nabi n’imibabaro bitari ngombwa. Bavuga ko kwica inyamaswa ku biryo bisanzwe ari ubugome kandi ko bidafite ishingiro, bitewe n’uko hashobora kubaho ubundi buryo bushingiye ku bimera. Byongeye kandi, bagaragaza ingaruka z’ibidukikije mu buhinzi bw’inyamaswa, nko gutema amashyamba, guhumana kw’amazi, hamwe n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Ku rundi ruhande, abashyigikiye kurya ibikomoka ku nyamaswa bavuga ko kuva kera abantu bagize urwego rw’ibiribwa bisanzwe, kandi ko uburyo bwo guhinga amatungo bugengwa neza kandi bw’abantu bushobora kuba imyitwarire. Bemeza ko inyamaswa zororerwa ibiryo zishobora kugira ubuzima bwiza kandi ko kurya ibikomoka ku nyamaswa bishobora gushyigikira ubukungu n’imigenzo yaho. Imyitwarire yimyitwarire yerekeye kwica inyamaswa kubiryo ni impande nyinshi kandi bisaba gusuzumwa neza kugirango habeho uburinganire hagati yibibazo byimyitwarire nibitekerezo bifatika.
Imibereho y’inyamaswa n’ubuhinzi bwuruganda.
Mu myaka mike ishize, ubuhinzi bwuruganda bwabaye impungenge cyane mubuzima bwimibereho. Ubworozi bwuruganda, buzwi kandi nkubworozi bworozi-mworozi, burimo umusaruro mwinshi winyamanswa ahantu hafunzwe hagamijwe kongera umusaruro ninyungu. Ibisabwa muri ibi bigo akenshi bitera impungenge zikomeye. Ubusanzwe inyamaswa zikorerwa ahantu hatuje, kutabona urumuri rusanzwe numwuka mwiza, no gukoresha imisemburo ikura na antibiotike kugirango byihute gukura no kwirinda indwara. Iyi myitozo, nubwo igamije kubahiriza ibyifuzo byabatuye isi igenda yiyongera, birengagiza imibereho n’imyitwarire karemano y’inyamaswa zirimo. Kubera iyo mpamvu, inyamaswa zo mu murima w’uruganda zikunze guhura n’ibibazo by’umubiri n’imitekerereze, bigatuma ubuzima bugabanuka. Imiterere y’ubuhinzi bw’uruganda nayo igira uruhare mu bibazo by’ibidukikije nko guhumana kw’amazi, gukoresha umutungo ukabije, no gutema amashyamba. Iyi myitwarire yimyitwarire yerekana ko hakenewe impinduka zijyanye n’imikorere irambye kandi yuzuye impuhwe, yibanda ku kamaro ko gushakisha ubundi buryo bwo guhitamo imirire bushyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa no kugabanya gushingira ku buhinzi bw’uruganda.
Uruhare rwibigo mubuhinzi bwinyamaswa.
Uruhare rwibigo mubuhinzi bwinyamanswa ni ingirakamaro kandi rugera kure. Ibigo binini byiganje mu nganda, bigenzura igice kinini cy’umusaruro w’inyama ku isi. Aya mashyirahamwe afite amikoro n’ibikorwa remezo byo kubyara inyamanswa nyinshi kandi byujuje ibyifuzo bikenerwa n’ibikomoka ku nyama. Nyamara, uku kwiganza gutera impungenge zijyanye no gufata neza inyamaswa n'ingaruka ku bidukikije. Ubuhinzi bw’inyamanswa ziterwa n’amasosiyete akenshi bushyira imbere inyungu zinyungu kuruta imibereho y’inyamaswa, biganisha ku bikorwa nkahantu hafunzwe, kuvura abantu, no kwishingikiriza kuri antibiotike na hormone. Byongeye kandi, umusaruro w’inganda w’inyama ugira uruhare mu gutema amashyamba, ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, n’umwanda w’amazi. Ni ngombwa ko amashyirahamwe mu nganda z’ubuhinzi bw’inyamanswa ashyira imbere ibitekerezo by’imyitwarire, harimo imibereho y’inyamaswa ndetse no kubungabunga ibidukikije, kugira ngo akemure ibibazo by’imyitwarire ikikije imikorere yabo kandi agere ku cyitegererezo cy’impuhwe kandi kirambye cyo gutanga umusaruro.
Isano riri hagati yuburenganzira bwinyamaswa nuburenganzira bwa muntu.
Isano iri hagati yuburenganzira bwinyamaswa nuburenganzira bwa muntu irenze imyitwarire y’inyamaswa. Igera mu rwego rw'ubutabera n'imibereho myiza y'abaturage batishoboye. Kumenya no guteza imbere uburenganzira bwinyamaswa, twemera agaciro nicyubahiro cyibinyabuzima byose bifite imyumvire. Uku kumenyekana kurashobora gutuma abantu bumva neza impuhwe, impuhwe, no kubaha ubuzima, ayo akaba ari amahame shingiro yuburenganzira bwa muntu. Byongeye kandi, gufata nabi inyamaswa akenshi byerekana gufata nabi amatsinda yahejejwe inyuma muri sosiyete. Ntibisanzwe kubona uburyo bwo gukandamiza bukoresha inyamaswa n'abantu. Kubwibyo rero, guharanira uburenganzira bwinyamaswa bihuza no gukurikirana ubutabera mbonezamubano, kuko burwanya inzego zikandamiza kandi bigateza imbere umuryango wuzuye kandi wuje impuhwe. Mugutsimbataza umuco wo kugirira impuhwe inyamaswa, turashobora gutanga umusanzu mwisi irushijeho kubana iha agaciro uburenganzira nicyubahiro cyibinyabuzima byose.
Akamaro ko kugabanya kurya inyama.
Kugabanya kurya inyama nintambwe yingenzi mugushiraho umuryango urambye kandi wita kubidukikije. Umusaruro no kurya inyama bigira ingaruka zikomeye kuri iyi si yacu, bigira uruhare mu gutema amashyamba, ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, no kwanduza amazi. Ubworozi bw'amatungo busaba ubutaka, amazi, n'umutungo munini, bigashyira ingufu mu bidukikije ndetse no kongera imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Mugabanye kwishingikiriza ku nyama, dushobora kugabanya ikirere cya karubone kijyanye n’umusaruro wacyo, tugafasha kugabanya ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Byongeye kandi, guhindura ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera bishobora guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza, kuko bishishikarizwa kurya imbuto zikungahaye ku ntungamubiri, imboga, ningano zose. Iremera kandi ubushakashatsi bwuburyo butandukanye bwo guhitamo ibiryo, guteza imbere ubudasa no guhanga udushya. Akamaro ko kugabanya kurya inyama ntabwo ari inyungu zisi gusa ahubwo ni no kuzamura imibereho yacu bwite. Muguhitamo neza ibijyanye no kurya ibiryo, turashobora gutanga umusanzu mugihe kizaza kirambye kandi tugateza imbere ubuzima bwiza kuri twe no mubisekuruza bizaza.
Kubaka isi yuzuye impuhwe.
Mu gushaka isi irangwa n'impuhwe, ni ngombwa kwagura impuhwe n'ubugwaneza ku binyabuzima byose, harimo n'inyamaswa. Mugukurikiza ubuzima bushingiye ku bimera, dushobora guhitamo cyane gushyira imbere impuhwe no kugabanya ingaruka mbi kubiremwa bifite imyumvire. Iyi myitwarire yimyitwarire irenze guhitamo kugiti cyawe kandi iragaragaza ubwitange bwagutse bwo guteza imbere umuryango uha agaciro imibereho myiza nagaciro k’ibiremwa byose. Kubaka isi yuzuye impuhwe bisobanura kumenya ko ibikorwa byacu bifite ingaruka zikomeye no guhitamo ubwenge bihuye n'indangagaciro zacu zo kubabarana, kubahana, n'impuhwe. Nimbaraga rusange idusaba kongera gusuzuma amahame mbonezamubano no guhangana uko ibintu bimeze, bigaha inzira ejo hazaza huzuye kandi impuhwe kuri bose.
Mu gusoza, ibitekerezo byimyitwarire bijyanye no kurya inyamaswa biragoye kandi byinshi. Nubwo bamwe bashobora kuvuga ko ari ngombwa kugirango abantu babeho, ni ngombwa kumenya ingaruka ku mibereho y’inyamaswa n’ibidukikije. Hamwe no kubona ubundi buryo bushingiye ku bimera hamwe n’inyungu zishobora kubaho ku buzima bw’imirire ishingiye ku bimera, birashoboka ko abantu batera imbere batiriwe barya inyamaswa. Ninshingano zacu gusuzuma ingaruka zimyitwarire yo guhitamo imirire no gufata ibyemezo byuzuye bihuye nagaciro kacu. Gusa binyuze mumahitamo yubwenge nimpuhwe turashobora gushiraho ejo hazaza harambye kandi ubumuntu kuri twe ninyamaswa dusangiye iyi si.
Ibibazo
Nibihe bitekerezo bimwe bishyigikira igitekerezo cyuko abantu bashobora kubaho batarya inyamaswa?
Bimwe mubitekerezo byimyitwarire ishyigikira igitekerezo cyabantu babaho batarya inyamaswa harimo kumenya agaciro kinyamaswa n'uburenganzira bwabo; kwemeza ingaruka z’ibidukikije mu buhinzi bw’inyamaswa; impungenge zerekeye imibereho yinyamaswa nubugome; no kuboneka kubindi bimera bishingiye kumirire. Muguhitamo gukurikiza ubuzima bwibikomoka ku bimera cyangwa ibikomoka ku bimera, abantu barashobora kugabanya uruhare rwabo mukubabazwa kwinyamaswa no kubikoresha, guteza imbere kuramba no kubungabunga ibidukikije, kandi bagahuza ibikorwa byabo n’amahame mbwirizamuco y’impuhwe no kubaha ibiremwa byose bifite imyumvire.
Nigute igitekerezo cyuburenganzira bwinyamaswa kigira uruhare mukuvuga ko abantu bashobora kwibeshaho batiriwe barya ibikomoka ku nyamaswa?
Igitekerezo cy’uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa gifite uruhare runini mu kuvuga ko abantu bashobora kwibeshaho batiriwe barya ibikomoka ku nyamaswa. Abaharanira uburenganzira bw’inyamaswa bavuga ko inyamaswa zifite agaciro gakondo kandi zikwiye gufatwa neza no kubahwa. Bizera ko gukoresha inyamaswa mu biryo ari ukubangamira uburenganzira bwabo kandi bigatera ingaruka mbi n'imibabaro bitari ngombwa. Mu kunganira indyo ishingiye ku bimera, bavuga ko abantu bashobora guhaza ibyo bakeneye mu mirire badakoresheje cyangwa ngo bagirire nabi inyamaswa. Iyi myumvire ishimangira imyifatire mbwirizamuco yo guhitamo ibiryo kandi igateza imbere uburyo bwuzuye impuhwe kandi burambye bwo gutanga umusaruro.
Haba hari imyizerere ishingiye ku idini cyangwa umuco iteza imbere igitekerezo cyo kubaho utarya inyamaswa? Nigute imyizerere igira ingaruka kubitekerezo?
Nibyo, imyizerere myinshi y’amadini n’umuco iteza imbere igitekerezo cyo kubaho utarya inyamaswa. Kurugero, Jainism ishimangira kudahohotera kandi iharanira imibereho ikomoka ku bimera cyangwa ibikomoka ku bimera. Abahindu bashishikariza kandi kurya ibikomoka ku bimera, kuko biteza imbere igitekerezo cya ahimsa (kudahohotera) no kwizera kwera kw ubuzima bwose. Byongeye kandi, udutsiko tumwe na tumwe tw’ababuda dushyigikira ibikomoka ku bimera nkuburyo bwo gutsimbataza impuhwe no kugabanya ingaruka mbi ku biremwa bifite imyumvire. Iyi myizerere igira ingaruka kubitekerezo byimyitwarire yerekana inshingano zumuco zo kugabanya ingaruka mbi zinyamaswa no kubahiriza agaciro kabo nuburenganzira bwabo. Bateza imbere igitekerezo kivuga ko kwirinda kurya inyamaswa ari amahitamo yimpuhwe kandi yumwuka.
Ni ubuhe buryo butandukanye bwo kurya bushobora gutanga intungamubiri zose zikenewe ku bantu udashingiye ku bikomoka ku nyamaswa? Nigute ubundi buryo bwakemura ibibazo byimyitwarire?
Ubundi buryo butandukanye bwimirire ishobora gutanga intungamubiri zose zikenewe udashingiye kubikomoka ku nyamaswa harimo ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera nk'imbuto, imboga, ibinyamisogwe, ibinyampeke, imbuto, n'imbuto. Ubundi buryo bukemura ibibazo byimyitwarire wirinda gukoreshwa nububabare bwinyamaswa kubiryo. Indyo ishingiye ku bimera igira uruhare mu kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije, kuko bisaba ubutaka, amazi, n’umutungo ugereranije n’ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa. Byongeye kandi, indyo ishingiye ku bimera byagaragaye ko igabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara zidakira nk'indwara z'umutima, diyabete, na kanseri zimwe na zimwe. Imyitwarire yimyitwarire irakemurwa kandi nogutezimbere insimburangingo zishingiye ku bimera zitanga uburyohe nuburyo butandukanye kubikomoka ku nyamaswa bidakenewe kubagwa amatungo.
Nigute kwemeza indyo ishingiye ku bimera bishobora kugira uruhare mu kugabanya kwangiza ibidukikije no guteza imbere ubuzima burambye, kandi ni ubuhe buryo bwo gutekereza bujyanye n’inyungu z’ibidukikije?
Kwemeza indyo ishingiye ku bimera birashobora kugira uruhare mu kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije no guteza imbere ubuzima burambye mu buryo bwinshi. Ubwa mbere, ubuhinzi bw’inyamaswa nabwo bugira uruhare runini mu kwangiza imyuka ihumanya ikirere, gutema amashyamba, no kwanduza amazi. Mugabanya cyangwa gukuraho ikoreshwa ryibikomoka ku nyamaswa, abantu barashobora gufasha kugabanya izo ngaruka ku bidukikije. Byongeye kandi, ibiryo bishingiye ku bimera bisaba ubutaka, amazi, nubutunzi ugereranije nimirire ishingiye ku nyamaswa, bigatuma biramba. Mu mico, inyungu z’ibidukikije ziterwa nimirire ishingiye ku bimera ihuza n’amahame yo kugabanya ingaruka mbi ku isi no guteza imbere ejo hazaza heza. Ariko, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko gutekereza ku myitwarire bishobora no kuba bikubiyemo ibintu nko kubona ibiribwa bifite intungamubiri zishingiye ku bimera ndetse n’umuco cyangwa ibyo ukunda kurya.