Inyamanswa - Humane Foundation

Inyamaswa z’inkazi zihura n’ibibazo bikomeye bituruka ku bikorwa bya muntu, aho ubuhinzi bw’inganda, gutema amashyamba, no kwaguka kw’imijyi bikuraho aho hantu hakenewe cyane kugira ngo habeho ubuzima. Amashyamba, ibishanga, n’ibyatsi—aho hantu hahoze ari heza cyane—birimo gucibwa ku muvuduko utangaje, bigatuma amoko menshi y’inyamaswa agwa mu turere dutandukanye aho ibyokurya, aho kuba, n’umutekano birushaho kuba bike. Gutakaza aho hantu ntibishyira mu kaga inyamaswa ku giti cyazo gusa; bihungabanya urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byose kandi bigaca intege uburinganire karemano ubuzima bwose bushingiyeho.
Uko ahantu karemano hagenda hashira, inyamaswa zo mu gasozi zishyirwa mu kaga kazo hafi y’imiryango y’abantu, bigateza ibyago bishya kuri zombi. Ubwoko bwashoboraga kugenda mu bwisanzure ubu burahigwa, bugurishwa mu mahanga, cyangwa bugakurwa mu byabo, akenshi buhura n’ibikomere, inzara, cyangwa stress mu gihe burwana no kumenyera ibidukikije bidashobora kubutunga. Uku kwinjira kandi byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zo mu bwoko bw’inyamaswa, birushaho kugaragaza ingaruka mbi zo gukuraho inzitizi hagati y’abantu n’inyamaswa zo mu gasozi.
Amaherezo, ikibazo cy’inyamaswa zo mu gasozi kigaragaza ikibazo gikomeye cy’imyitwarire n’ibidukikije. Kuzimira kose ntikwerekana gusa gucecekesha amajwi yihariye mu bidukikije ahubwo binabangamira ubushobozi bw’isi bwo kwihangana. Kurinda inyamaswa zo mu gasozi bisaba guhangana n'inganda n'ibikorwa bifata ibidukikije nk'ibintu bishobora gukoreshwa, kandi bigasaba ko habaho kubaho neza aho kuba ibintu bidafite akamaro. Kubaho kw'ibinyabuzima byinshi—n'ubuzima bw'isi dusangiye—bishingira kuri iyi mpinduka yihutirwa.

Nubwo guhiga byigeze kuba igice cyingenzi mubuzima bwabantu, cyane cyane mumyaka 100.000 ishize mugihe abantu ba mbere bashingiraga guhiga ibiryo, uruhare rwarwo muri iki gihe ruratandukanye cyane. Muri societe ya none, guhiga byahindutse cyane cyane ibikorwa byo kwidagadura bikabije aho gukenera ibibatunga. Kubenshi mubahiga, ntabwo bikiri uburyo bwo kubaho ahubwo ni uburyo bwo kwidagadura bukunze kwangiza inyamaswa bitari ngombwa. Impamvu zitera guhiga muri iki gihe zisanzwe ziterwa no kwinezeza kugiti cyawe, gushaka ibikombe, cyangwa gushaka kwitabira imigenzo ya kera, aho gukenera ibiryo. Mubyukuri, guhiga byagize ingaruka mbi ku baturage b’inyamaswa ku isi. Yagize uruhare runini mu kuzimangana kw'ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, hamwe n'ingero zigaragara zirimo ingwe ya Tasimani na auk nini, abaturage bayo bakaba bararimbuwe n'ubukorikori. Uku kuzimangana guteye kwibutsa kwibutsa…

Inganda zubwoya, zikunze kugurishwa nkikimenyetso cya opulence, zihisha ukuri gukomeye - inganda zubakiye kubabazwa ninyamaswa zitabarika. Buri mwaka, amamiriyoni y'ibiremwa nka marcoun, coyote, bobcats, na otter bihanganira ububabare budasanzwe mumitego yagenewe kubabaza no kwica kubera imyambarire. Kuva mu mutego w'ibyuma ujanjagura amaguru ukageza ku bikoresho nk'imitego ya Conibear ihumeka buhoro buhoro abahohotewe, ubwo buryo ntabwo butera umubabaro mwinshi gusa ahubwo binahitana ubuzima bw'inyamaswa zidafite intego - zirimo amatungo n'ibinyabuzima byangirika - nk'impanuka zitateganijwe. Munsi yacyo yuzuye ububengerane haribibazo byimyitwarire iterwa ninyungu byangiza ubuzima bwinyamaswa. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ibintu bibabaje byatewe n’umusaruro w’ubwoya mu gihe ushakisha inzira zifatika zo guhangana n’ubugome no guharanira impinduka

Kuva kera cyane, umugani uvuga ko amafi adashobora kumva ububabare byagaragaje ubugome bukabije mu kuroba no mu bworozi bw'amafi. Nyamara, ibimenyetso byinshi bya siyansi byerekana ukuri gutandukanye cyane: amafi afite imiterere yimitsi ndetse nigisubizo cyimyitwarire ikenewe muguhura nububabare, ubwoba, numubabaro. Kuva mu bucuruzi bw’uburobyi butera imibabaro igihe kirekire kugeza kuri gahunda y’ubuhinzi bw’amafi yuzuyemo ibibazo n’indwara, amamiliyaridi y’amafi yihanganira ingaruka zitavugwa buri mwaka. Iyi ngingo yibanda ku bumenyi bwihishe inyuma y’amafi, iragaragaza amakosa y’imyitwarire y’inganda, kandi idusaba kongera gutekereza ku mibanire yacu n’ubuzima bwo mu mazi - irasaba guhitamo impuhwe zishyira imbere imibereho y’inyamaswa kuruta kuyikoresha.

Gahunda y'ibiribwa muri iki gihe niyo nyirabayazana w'impfu z’inyamaswa zirenga miliyari 9 buri mwaka. Nyamara, iyi mibare itangaje yerekana gusa imibabaro myinshi muri gahunda yacu y'ibiribwa, kuko ivuga gusa ku nyamaswa zo ku butaka. Usibye umubare w’abantu ku isi, inganda z’uburobyi zangiza ubuzima bw’inyanja, zihitana ubuzima bw’amafi y’amafi n’ibindi binyabuzima byo mu nyanja buri mwaka, haba mu buryo butaziguye kugira ngo abantu babone cyangwa bahitanwa n’ubushake bw’uburobyi. Bycatch bivuga gufata nkana ubwoko butagenewe mugihe cyo kuroba mubucuruzi. Aba bahohotewe batateganijwe akenshi bahura ningaruka zikomeye, uhereye ku gukomeretsa no gupfa kugeza guhungabanya ibidukikije. Iyi nyandiko iragaragaza ibipimo bitandukanye byacatch, itanga urumuri ku byangiritse ku ngwate zatewe n’uburobyi bw’inganda. Kuki inganda zuburobyi ari mbi? Inganda z’uburobyi zikunze kunengwa imikorere myinshi igira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije byo mu nyanja…

Munsi yubuso bwa aquarium na parike zo mu nyanja haribintu byukuri biteye ubwoba bitandukanye cyane nishusho rusange yabyo. Mugihe ibi bikurura ibintu byizeza uburezi n'imyidagaduro, akenshi biza ku giciro kinini ku nyamaswa zifungiye imbere. Kuva kuri orcas koga inziga zidashira muri tanks zitagira ingumba kugeza kuri dolphine zikora amayeri adasanzwe yo gukomera amashyi, imbohe yambura ibiremwa byo mu nyanja umudendezo, icyubahiro, nimyitwarire karemano. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ibibazo by’imyitwarire, ingaruka z’ibidukikije, n’umubare w’imitekerereze yo gufata inyamaswa zo mu nyanja kugira ngo zishimishe abantu - zigaragaza inganda zubakiye aho gukoreshwa aho kubungabunga

Guhiga inyamaswa zo mu gasozi bihagaze nk'umwijima ku mibanire y'abantu n'isi. Irerekana ubuhemu bukabije bwibiremwa bitangaje bisangiye umubumbe wacu. Mugihe umubare wubwoko butandukanye ugenda ugabanuka kubera umururumba udahagije wa ba rushimusi, uburinganire bworoshye bwibinyabuzima burahungabana, kandi ejo hazaza h’ibinyabuzima harabangamiwe. Iyi nyandiko yinjiye mu burebure bw’inyamaswa zo mu gasozi, ziga ku mpamvu zitera, ingaruka zabyo, ndetse no gukenera byihutirwa ingamba zo kurwanya iki cyaha gikomeye cyibasiye ibidukikije. Amahano yo guhiga, guhiga mu buryo butemewe, kwica, cyangwa gufata inyamaswa zo mu gasozi, byabaye icyorezo ku nyamaswa zo mu gasozi mu binyejana byinshi. Haba biterwa no gukenera ibikombe bidasanzwe, imiti gakondo, cyangwa ibikomoka ku nyamaswa byinjiza amafaranga, ba rushimusi berekana ko basuzuguye agaciro k’ubuzima n’inshingano z’ibidukikije ibyo biremwa byuzuza. Inzovu ziciwe kubera amahembe y'inzovu, imvubu zahigaga amahembe yazo, n'ingwe zibasira…

Uburobyi bukunze kugaragara nkimyidagaduro yamahoro cyangwa isoko yingenzi yibiribwa, ariko ingaruka zayo kumibereho yinyanja ivuga inkuru itandukanye. Uburobyi bwombi bwidagadura nubucuruzi butera amafi nandi matungo yo mu mazi guhangayika cyane, gukomeretsa, nububabare. Kuva mubugome bwihishe bwuburyo bwo gufata no kurekura kugeza kurimbuka rinini ryatewe no gukurura, ibyo bikorwa ntabwo byangiza amoko yibasiwe gusa ahubwo binangiza nabandi batabarika binyuze mubikoresho byabitswe. Iyi ngingo iragaragaza impungenge zijyanye nuburobyi mugihe hagaragajwe ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu burinda ubuzima bwinyanja kandi buteza imbere kubana na kamere

Reba inyuma yuzuye urumuri rwa pariki, sikusi, na parike zo mu nyanja kugirango umenye ukuri nyako inyamaswa nyinshi zihura nazo mwizina ryimyidagaduro. Mugihe ibyo bintu bikurura abantu bikunze kugurishwa nkuburambe cyangwa uburere bwumuryango, bahisha ukuri kubabaje - imbohe, guhangayika, no gukoreshwa. Kuva mu bigo bibuzanya kugeza imyitozo ikaze no guhungabanya ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, inyamaswa zitabarika zihanganira ibihe biri kure y’aho ziba. Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza impungenge zishingiye ku myitwarire ikikije izo nganda mu gihe hagaragazwa ubundi buryo bwa kimuntu bwubahiriza imibereho y’inyamaswa kandi buteza imbere kubana n'icyubahiro n'impuhwe.

Dolphine na baleine byashimishije ikiremwamuntu mu binyejana byinshi, nyamara kuba imbohe zabo zo kwidagadura no kurya bitera impaka zimbitse. Kuva kuri koreografiya yerekana muri parike zo mu nyanja kugeza igihe zikoreshwa nk'ibiryo biryoshye mu mico imwe n'imwe, gukoresha inyamaswa z’inyamabere zifite ubwenge zo mu nyanja bitera kwibaza ku mibereho y’inyamaswa, kubungabunga, n'imigenzo. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ibintu bikaze byihishe inyuma yimikorere nuburyo bwo guhiga, bikerekana ingaruka kumubiri no mubitekerezo mugihe harebwa niba imbohe zikora uburezi cyangwa kubungabunga ibidukikije - cyangwa bikomeza kugirira nabi ibyo biremwa bifite imyumvire.

Munsi y'umuraba, akaga katagaragara karimo kwangiza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja - uburobyi bw'abazimu. Urushundura rwatereranywe hamwe n’ibikoresho byo kuroba byanyuze mu nyanja bucece, bifata kandi byica inyenzi zo mu nyanja, dolphine, balale, n’ibindi biremwa bitabarika byo mu nyanja. Uku kurimbuka gukomeje kutabangamira ubwoko bumwe gusa ahubwo binangiza ibidukikije byose. Mugihe izo "inshundura" zikomeje urugendo rwazo rwica, bagaragaza ko byihutirwa ingamba zo kurinda inyanja yacu no kubungabunga urusobe rwibinyabuzima. Shakisha ingaruka mbi zo kuroba kwizimu hanyuma umenye uburyo imbaraga rusange zishobora gufasha kurinda ubuzima bwinyanja ibisekuruza bizaza