Kugaragaza Ubugome bwo Gutwara Inkoko no Kwica: Imibabaro Yihishe mu nganda z’inkoko
Inkoko zirokoka ibintu biteye ubwoba byamazu ya broiler cyangwa akazu ka batiri akenshi bakorerwa ubugome bukabije kuko bajyanwa mubagiro. Izi nkoko, zororerwa gukura vuba kugirango zitange inyama, zihanganira ubuzima bwo kwifungisha bikabije nububabare bwumubiri. Nyuma yo kwihanganira ibintu byinshi, byanduye mumasuka, urugendo rwabo kubagiro ntakintu kibi kirimo.
Buri mwaka, amamiriyoni yinkoko arwara amababa namaguru bivuye kumikorere mibi bahura nabyo mugihe cyo gutwara. Izi nyoni zoroshye akenshi zijugunywa hirya no hino nabi, bigatera imvune numubabaro. Kenshi na kenshi, kuva amaraso kugeza apfuye, ntibashobora kurokoka ihahamuka ryo guhurira mu bisanduku byuzuye abantu. Urugendo rugana ibagiro, rushobora kurambura ibirometero amagana, rwiyongera ku mibabaro. Inkoko zapakiwe neza mu kato nta mwanya wo kwimuka, kandi nta biryo cyangwa amazi bahabwa mu rugendo. Bahatirwa kwihanganira ikirere gikabije, cyaba ubushyuhe bukabije cyangwa ubukonje bukonje, nta koroherwa n'imibabaro yabo.
Inkoko zimaze kugera kubagiro, kubabazwa kwabo kure. Inyoni zayobewe zijugunywa mu bisanduku byazo hasi. Gutandukana gutunguranye n'ubwoba birabarenze, kandi barwana no kumva ibibera. Abakozi bafata inkoko bikabije, bakazirengagiza rwose ubuzima bwabo. Amaguru yabo yajugunywe ku ngoyi ku gahato, bitera ubundi bubabare no gukomeretsa. Inyoni nyinshi zavunitse amaguru cyangwa zimuwe muri iki gikorwa, ziyongera ku mubare munini w’umubiri bihanganiye.
Inkoko, ubu zimanitse hejuru, ntizishobora kwirwanaho. Iterabwoba ryabo riragaragara kuko bakururwa mu ibagiro. Mu bwoba bwabo, bakunze kwiyuhagira no kuruka ku bakozi, bikomeza gushimangira ibibazo by'imitekerereze n'umubiri barimo. Izi nyamaswa zifite ubwoba ziragerageza cyane guhunga ukuri gukomeye bahura nazo, ariko ntizifite imbaraga rwose.
Intambwe ikurikira muburyo bwo kubaga igamije guhagarika inyoni kugirango intambwe ikurikiraho irusheho gucungwa. Ariko, ntibishobora kubatera ubwenge cyangwa guhinda umushyitsi. Ahubwo, bakururwa mu bwogero bw'amazi bufite amashanyarazi, bugamije guhungabanya imitsi yabo no kubagara. Mugihe ubwogero bwamazi bushobora kudashobora kwihagarika byigihe gito inkoko, ntibisobanura ko nta ubwenge cyangwa nta mibabaro bafite. Inyoni nyinshi zikomeza kumenya ububabare nubwoba bihanganira mugihe zijyanwa mubyiciro byanyuma byo kubaga.
Iyi nzira yubugome nubumuntu nukuri kwaburi munsi ya miriyoni yinkoko, zifatwa nkikindi kintu cyo kurya. Imibabaro yabo ihishe rubanda, kandi benshi ntibazi ubugome bubera inyuma yumuryango ufunze inganda z’inkoko. Kuva bavuka kugeza bapfuye, izi nkoko zihanganira ingorane zikabije, kandi ubuzima bwabo bwaranzwe no kutitaweho, kubabaza umubiri, n'ubwoba.
Umubare munini w’imibabaro mu nganda z’inkoko urasaba ko abantu barushaho kumenyekana no kuvugurura byihutirwa. Imiterere izo nyoni zihanganira ntabwo ari ukubangamira uburenganzira bwabo gusa ahubwo ni ikibazo cyimyitwarire isaba ingamba. Nkabaguzi, dufite imbaraga zo gusaba impinduka no guhitamo ubundi buryo budashyigikiye ubugome nkubwo. Uko turushaho kumenya ukuri gukomeye mubuhinzi bwinyamanswa, niko dushobora kurushaho gukorera isi aho inyamaswa zifatirwa impuhwe n'icyubahiro.
Mu gitabo cye kizwi cyane cyitwa Slaughterhouse, Gail Eisnitz atanga ubushishozi bukomeye kandi butesha umutwe ukuri ku bugome bw’inganda z’inkoko, cyane cyane muri Amerika. Nkuko Eisnitz abisobanura: "Ibindi bihugu byateye imbere mu nganda birasaba ko inkoko zahindurwa ubwenge cyangwa kwicwa mbere yo kuva amaraso no gutwikwa, bityo ntizigomba kunyura muri izo nzira zibizi. Hano muri Amerika, ariko, muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, ibihingwa by’inkoko-bisonewe n’amategeko agenga iyicwa ry’abantu kandi bikomeza gutsimbarara ku nganda zerekana ko inyamaswa ipfuye itava amaraso kugeza ku gice kimwe cya cumi. Aya magambo aragaragaza imikorere itangaje mu bimera by’inkoko zo muri Amerika, aho usanga inkoko zikiba zikizi neza iyo umuhogo waciwe, ugapfa urupfu rubi.
Mu bihugu byinshi ku isi, amategeko n'amabwiriza bisaba ko inyamaswa zigira ubwenge mbere yo kubagwa kugira ngo zitagira imibabaro idakenewe. Icyakora, muri Amerika, ibagiro ry’inkoko risonewe itegeko ry’ubwicanyi bw’ikiremwamuntu, ribemerera kurenga ku kurinda inkoko. Aho kwemeza ko inyoni zitagira ubwenge mbere yo kubagwa, inganda zikomeje gukoresha uburyo butuma bamenya neza ububabare bafite. Inzira itangaje, igamije gutuma inyamaswa zitagira ubwenge, ikomeza kutagira nkana, ikoresheje igice gusa cyubu gikenewe kugirango gitangwe neza.
Icyuma kimaze guca umuhogo winkoko, inzira iba igamije kuva amaraso vuba, ariko kenshi, ntabwo iri kure. Mu gihe amaraso ava mu nyoni zipfa, benshi muri bo baracyakubita amababa mu rugamba rukomeye rwo kubaho, nubwo bakomeretse bikabije. Kenshi na kenshi, babura icyuma rwose. Izi nyoni, zikiri nzima kandi zizi, zishobora gutobora umuhogo ku nshuro ya kabiri n '“umutekamutwe,” ariko abakozi bemeza ko bidashoboka gufata inyoni zose zabuze gutema bwa mbere. Ibi bivamo inkoko zitabarika zihanganira impfu ndende kandi zibabaza, kuko amaraso yabo atemba buhoro buhoro mumibiri yabo mugihe baba bagifite ubwenge, ubwoba, nububabare bukabije.
Amahano ntagarukira aho. Dukurikije inyandiko za USDA, miliyoni z'inkoko buri mwaka ziracyazi neza iyo zijugunywe mu mazi ashyushye y’ibigega byangiza. Iyi niyo ntambwe yanyuma, ibabaza yo kubagwa, aho amazi ashyushye agenewe kurekura amababa. Nyamara, ku nkoko zikiri muzima, iyi nzira irakabije. Amazi yaka atwika uruhu rwabo, bigatera imibabaro myinshi nkuko bayirengeye, akenshi mugihe bakizi kandi bazi ububabare.
Uru ruzinduko rw'ubugome ni kimwe mu bibazo binini kandi bifite gahunda mu nganda z’inkoko, aho inkoko zifatwa nkibicuruzwa gusa aho kuba ibiremwa bikwiye bikwiye kubahwa n'impuhwe. Iyi myitozo yemerewe gukomeza kubera icyuho kiri mu mategeko, imigani y’inganda zerekeye kuva amaraso neza, hamwe no kutamenya muri rusange abaguzi. Ariko impinduka zirashoboka, kandi twese dufite uruhare mukurangiza iri hohoterwa.
Urashobora gufasha kurangiza ubu buryo buteye ubwoba bwinkoko muguhitamo neza ibiryo urya. Gushyigikira imiryango ishinzwe imibereho myiza y’inyamaswa, guharanira amategeko akomeye yo kurengera inyamaswa zororerwa, no guhitamo ubundi buryo bushingiye ku bimera ni inzira zose zo gufata ingamba zo kurwanya iyo ngeso mbi. Mugihe wanze gutera inkunga inganda zikomeza imibabaro nkiyi, urashobora gutanga umusanzu mubikorwa bisaba impuhwe, kubazwa, hamwe nisi inyamaswa zitagikorerwa ayo mahano. Twese hamwe, turashobora gukora tugana ahazaza aho ubugome bwo kwica inganda ari ikintu cyahise.
