Izilwane zigcwele izibopho zomama ezimangalisayo ezivame ukumelana nokuxhumana okujulile phakathi komama abangabantu nezingane zabo. Kusukela ekukhuleni kwezindlovu kwezizukulwane eziningi kuya ekukhulelweni okuyingqayizivele okuyizingxenye ezimbili zamakhangaru, ubudlelwano phakathi komama abayizilwane kanye nenzalo yabo abugcini nje ngokuthinta kodwa futhi buhlaba umxhwele futhi ngezinye izikhathi buyingqayizivele. Lesi sihloko sicubungula ezinye zezibonelo ezingavamile zokuvikela komama ezilwaneni. Uzothola ukuthi ama-ndlovu matriarchs aqondisa futhi aqaphe kanjani imihlambi yawo, omama be-orca bahlinzeka ngokudla nesivikelo sempilo yonke emadodaneni abo, nezingulube ezihlwanyelayo zixhumana namachwane azo ngokusebenzisa i-symphony of grunts. Ukwengeza, sizohlola ukuzibophezela okungantengantengi komama be-orangutan, ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela komama bezingwenya, nokuqapha okungapheli komama bengulule ekuvikeleni amawundlu abo asengozini. Lezi zindaba ziqokomisa ubude obumangalisayo omama abayizilwane abaya kubo ukuze baqinisekise ukuphila nokuphila kahle kwabantwana babo, bebonisa amasu ahlukahlukene futhi athakazelisayo okunakekelwa komama emvelweni.
Kusukela ezikhathini zokukhulelwa ezinde ngokungavamile ukuya ekwabeleni abazanyana ukuze bahlale ndawonye ukuphila kwabo konke, lezi zibopho zingezinye eziqine kakhulu.
- Yabelana ku-Facebook - Yabelana ku-LinkedIn - Yabelana kuWhatsapp - Yabelana ku-X
6 min ifundiwe
Izilwane ziye zashintsha ubuhlobo nomama obumangalisayo ngempela, obuningi babo obuphikisana nezibopho eziseduze phakathi komama abangabantu nezingane zabo. Kusukela ezizukulwaneni eziningi zezindlovu kuya ekukhulelweni okuyizingxenye ezimbili kwama-kangaroo, izibopho phakathi kwezilwane nomama bazo ziyathinta, zihlaba umxhwele futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziyinqaba. Nazi ezimbalwa zamabhondi omama nengane angakholeki ezilwaneni .
Izindlovu
Cishe eminyakeni emibili, izindlovu zinesikhathi eside sokumitha kunanoma yisiphi isilwane - futhi lokho kuyisiqalo sohambo lomndeni. Ngemva kokumunca amaphuphu ayo iminyaka emibili, umama wendlovu uhlala nezingane zakhe ukuphila kwakhe konke.
Izindlovu ziyi-matriarchal . Kuvamile ukubona izizukulwane eziningi zezindlovu zezinsikazi zihlala futhi zihamba ndawonye, kanti umatikuletsheni omdala ebeka ijubane ukuze izingane zikwazi ukuhambisana. Uma ingane iyintandane, izothathwa futhi inakekelwe wumhlambi wonke. Izindlovu ezingumama zize zikhethe nezihlobo “ezingumzanyana” ukuba zigade amaphuphu azo lapho edla, noma zinakekele ingane yazo uma kushona unina.
I-Orcas
Njengezindlovu, i-orcas iwuhlobo lwe-matriarchal olunamathelana ezizukulwaneni eziningi. I-pod ye-orcas ngokuvamile iqukethe ugogo, inzalo yakhe kanye nenzalo yendodakazi yakhe, kanti ngenkathi womabili amadodana namadodakazi eshiya isikhashana i-pod - amadodana azogana, amadodakazi ayokuzingela - ahlala ebuyela emindenini yawo ekupheleni kosuku.
Nakuba ama-orcas ezinsikazi ekugcineni efunda ukuzingela nokuziphilisa ngokwawo, ucwaningo lwakamuva luthole ukuthi ama-orcas abesilisa athembele komama bawo ukuze bathole ukudla nokuvikelwa ukuphila kwabo konke. Nakuba umcabango walokhu ungakacaci, kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kuthambekela “komfana kamama” kuhlobene nemvelo ye-matriarchal yama-orca pods . Nakuba inzalo yendodakazi ye-orca ikhuliswa ngokuhlanganyela yi-pod yayo, inzalo yendodana yayo ayikhuliswa; lokhu kunikeza umama u-orcas isikhathi esengeziwe sokuthanda amadodana abo . Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi amadodana abo aphilile futhi anamandla, andisa amathuba awo okudlulisela ufuzo lomkhaya.
Izingulube
Izingulube ezingumama zibizwa ngokuthi ingulube, futhi zithandana kakhulu futhi zinothando ngamazinyane azo. Ngemva nje kokuzala udoti, izingulube zengulube zakha isidleke samazinyane azo, futhi zizowamboza ngomzimba lapho kubanda. Izingulube zinezimbobo ezihlukene ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili , futhi izingulube ezingulube zizothola amagama ngokushesha ezinyaneni lazo ngalinye, elifunda ukuhlonza izwi likanina ngemva kwamasonto amabili.
Izingulube ezingulube ziyaziwa ngokuthi “ziculela” amazinyane azo ukuze zibonise ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokudla, futhi amazinyane kanye nonina bayacindezeleka lapho behlukene, okuwumkhuba ovamile emapulazini asefemini .
Ama-orangutan
Nakuba omama abaningi benakekela izingane zabo kuzo zonke izilwane, ama-orangutan afanelwe udumo olukhethekile ngezinga lawo lokuzinikela. Njengoba ama-orangutan abesilisa engadlali indima ekukhuliseni izingane zawo, lowo mthwalo wemfanelo uphezu komama bawo—futhi kuwumthwalo wemfanelo.
Eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokuphila kwe-orangutan, athembele ngokuphelele konina ukuze athole ukudla nezinto zokuhamba, futhi achitha isikhathi esiningi ebambelele kuwo ngokomzimba ukuze aphile. Baqhubeka behlala futhi behamba nonina iminyaka eminingana ngemva kwalokhu, phakathi naleso sikhathi umama efundisa ingane yabo indlela yokudla . Ama-orangutan adla izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 zokudla, futhi omama bawo bachitha iminyaka bewafundisa indlela yokukuthola, ukukukhipha nokulungisa ngakunye.
Sekukonke, ama-orangutan awabashiyi omama bawo kuze kube yilapho sebeneminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ubudala - futhi ngisho nangemva kwalokho, bavame ukuqhubeka nokuvakashela omama bawo kuze kube yilapho sebekhulile, ngokungafani nezingane eziningi ezingabantu.
Izingwenya
Naphezu kwedumela lazo elesabekayo, izingwenya zingomama abacophelelayo, abakhathalelayo nabanakayo . Ngemva kokubekela amaqanda, bawagqiba emhlabathini, okufeza izinjongo ezimbili zokuwagcina efudumele futhi ewafihla ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.
Ubulili bengwenya bunqunywa izinga lokushisa kweqanda lazo ngaphambi kokuchanyuselwa. Uma i-clutch ishisa kakhulu, zonke izingane ziyoba abesilisa; kubanda kakhulu, futhi bonke bayoba ngabesifazane. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uzala ingxube enempilo yabesilisa nabesifazane, omama be-alligator bazolungisa njalo inani lesembozo phezu kwamaqanda, balondoloze izinga lokushisa elingaguquki, elilinganiselwe.
Lapho amaqanda engwenya eqala ukunswininiza, asuke eselungele ukuchanyuselwa. Kuleli qophelo, umama uhlephula ngokucophelela iqanda ngalinye ngemihlathi yakhe enamandla, alayishe izinsana zakhe ezisanda kuzalwa emlonyeni wakhe, futhi ngobumnene abangenise emanzini. Uzoqhubeka nokubavikela kuze kube iminyaka emibili.
Izingulule
Izingulule zisengozini kakhulu ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila. Bazalwa bengaboni, oyise abanandima ekuzikhuliseni, futhi bazungezwe izilwane ezidla ezinye. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu nezinye, iningi lezingane ezisanda kuzalwa alifiki ekubeni ngabantu abadala - kodwa labo abanomama bazo okufanele bababonge.
Omama bezingulule benza konke okusemandleni ukuze bavikele amawundlu abo. Zithutha udoti wazo emgodini ohlukile njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ukuze iphunga lamawundlu lingakhangi kakhulu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, futhi liwafihle otshanini obude ukuze angabonakali. Ahlala eqaphile, kokubili ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye ezingase zilimaze amawundlu azo futhi, okubaluleke nakakhulu, ezilwaneni ezizingelayo okudingeka zizibambe ukuze zizidlise ngokwazo. Lapho zingazingeli, zigona namawundlu azo ukuze ziwaduduze.
Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, omama bengulule baqala ukufundisa amawundlu abo ukungena nokuphuma kokuzingela. Bayoqala ngokubuyisela impango ebanjiwe emphandwini, ukuze amawundlu abo azilolonge ukuphinde ayibambe; kamuva, unina ukhipha amawundlu akhe emgodini futhi awafundise ukuzingela. Imvelo kamama yezingulule zesifazane inamandla kangangokuthi yaziwa nangokuthi ithatha amawundlu ayizintandane akweminye imindeni .
Amakhangaru
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi amakhangaru anezikhwama, kodwa lelo qiniso alilibonisi imvelo engavamile yokuba ngumama wekhangaru .
Ikhangaru liqala ukungena emazweni angaphandle ngemva kokukhulelwa esibelethweni sikanina amasonto angu-28-33, kodwa ukubiza lokhu ngokuthi “ukuzalwa” kungaba ukudukisa. Nakuba ikhangaru elincane liwushiya ngempela umzimba kamama ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane, bese lingena kabusha ngokushesha emzimbeni ngokungena esikhwameni sakhe. “I-joey,” njengoba ibizwa kanjalo ngalesi sikhathi sokuphila kwayo, iyaqhubeka ikhula esikhwameni sikamama ezinye izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ngaphambi kokuba iphume, kulokhu kuze kube phakade.
Kodwa okuxakayo ukuthi, umama usenamandla okukhulelwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili, futhi lapho lokhu kwenzeka, kuqala inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-embryonic diapause. Umbungu uyamila esibelethweni sakhe, kodwa ukukhula kwawo “kuyamiswa” ngokushesha uma nje kuthatha i-joey yokuqala ukuqeda ukukhula. Lapho leyo joey isiphumile endleleni, ukukhula kombungu kuyaqhubeka, kuze kube yilapho nawo ukhula ube i-joey, futhi inqubo iziphindaphinda.
Ekugcineni, amakhangaru angamama ayaqhubeka enakekela izinsana zawo ezisanda kuzalwa okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngemva kokuphuma esikhwameni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ikhangaru elingumama lingase linakekele abantwana abathathu abahlukene ezindaweni ezintathu ezihlukene ekukhuleni kwabo: umbungu esibelethweni, i-joey esikhwameni nosana oluseceleni kwakhe. Khuluma ngemisebenzi eminingi!
Qaphela: Lokhu okuqukethwe bekushicilelwe ekuqaleni ku-SeintMedia.org futhi kungahle kungabonisi imibono yesisekelo Humane Foundation .