Ukungcoliswa komoya

Ukungcoliswa komoya kungenye yemiphumela elimazayo kakhulu kodwa enganakwa yokulima izilwane zezimboni. Imisebenzi yokudla izilwane egxilile (ama-CAFO) ikhipha inani elikhulu lamagesi ayingozi njenge-ammonia, i-methane, ne-hydrogen sulfide emkhathini, okudala izingozi ezinkulu kokubili empilweni yemvelo neyabantu. Lokhu kukhishwa komoya akugcini nje ngokufaka isandla ekungazinzini kwesimo sezulu kodwa futhi kuthinta imiphakathi yendawo, okuholela ezifweni zokuphefumula, izinkinga zenhliziyo, kanye nezinye izimo zempilo zesikhathi eside.
Imfucuza ekhiqizwa yizigidigidi zezilwane ezivalelwe—evame ukugcinwa emachibini amakhulu noma isakazwe njengomquba owuketshezi—ikhipha amakhemikhali emvelo aguquguqukayo kanye nezinto ezincane ezilimaza ikhwalithi yomoya. Izisebenzi kanye nezakhamuzi eziseduze zithinteka kakhulu, zibhekene nokuchayeka nsuku zonke ezintweni ezingcolisayo ezinobuthi ezibeka engcupheni ikhwalithi yokuphila futhi zandise ukukhathazeka ngobulungiswa bemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhishwa kwe-methane okuvela ezilwaneni kuphakathi kwezinto ezinamandla kakhulu ezibangela ukufudumala komhlaba, okuqinisa ukuphuthuma kokubhekana nale nkinga.
Lesi sigaba siqokomisa ukuxhumana okungenakususwa phakathi kokulima kwezimboni kanye nokuwohloka kwekhwalithi yomoya. Ukushintshela ezinhlelweni zokudla ezisimeme, ukunciphisa ukuthembela emikhiqizweni yezilwane zezimboni, kanye nokwamukela imikhuba yezolimo ehlanzekile kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokunciphisa ukungcola komoya. Ukuvikela umoya esiwuphefumulayo akuyona nje indaba yomthwalo wemfanelo wezemvelo kodwa futhi neyamalungelo abantu kanye nempilo yomphakathi yomhlaba wonke.

Ukukhiqizwa kwezilwane zasezimbonini, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukulima kwezimbonini, kube yindlela evelele yokukhiqizwa kwenyama, ubisi, namaqanda amashumi eminyaka. Le ndlela yokulima ihilela ukuvalelwa kwezilwane ezindaweni ezinkulu, kusetshenziswa amasu anjengokuphathwa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nama-antibiotic ukuze kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa. Ngenkathi lolu hlelo luvumele ukuthi kukhiqizwe inani elikhulu lenyama eshibhile, luphinde lwaletha imiphumela eminingi yokuziphatha, ezemvelo, kanye nempilo. Kusukela ekwelashweni kwezilwane kuya emthonjeni emhlabeni wethu kanye nenhlalakahle yethu, imiphumela yokukhiqizwa kwezilwane zasezimbonini ifinyelela kude futhi iphakamise ukukhathazeka okukhulu phakathi kwabathengi, izishoshovu, kanye nochwepheshe bezempilo. Kulesi sihloko, sizogxila ezintweni zokuziphatha ezizungeze ukuphathwa kwezilwane emapulazini asezimbonini, umthelela wemvelo walolu hlelo, kanye nezingozi zezempilo ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokudla imikhiqizo evela ekukhiqizweni kwezilwane zasezimbonini. Ngokuhlola lezi zindawo ezintathu ezibalulekile, …

Ukulima kwasefektri, indlela ethuthuke kakhulu futhi ejulile yokukhulisa izilwane ukuze kukhiqizwe ukudla, sekuyinkinga enkulu kwezemvelo. Inqubo yokukhiqiza izilwane eziningi ukuze zidliwe ayiphakamisi nje imibuzo yokuziphatha mayelana nenhlalakahle yezilwane kodwa futhi inomthelela omubi emhlabeni. Nazi amaqiniso ayi-11 abalulekile mayelana namapulazi asefektri kanye nemiphumela yawo kwezemvelo: 1- Ukukhishwa Okukhulu Kwegesi Ebamba Ukushisa Amapulazi asefektri angenye yezinto ezihamba phambili ekukhiqizweni kwamagesi obamba ukufudumala komhlaba, ekhipha inani elikhulu le-methane ne-nitrous oxide emkhathini. Lawa magesi anamandla kakhulu kune-carbon dioxide endimeni yawo ekufudumaleni komhlaba, kanti i-methane isebenza kahle izikhathi ezingama-28 ekubambeni ukushisa esikhathini seminyaka eyi-100, kanti i-nitrous oxide inamandla izikhathi ezingama-298. Umthombo oyinhloko wokukhishwa kwe-methane kwezolimo zasefektri uvela ezilwaneni ezelusayo, njengezinkomo, izimvu, nezimbuzi, ezikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-methane ngesikhathi sokugaya …

Ukulima kwasefektri, uhlelo oluthuthukisiwe lokukhulisa imfuyo ukuze kukhiqizwe ukudla, kube yimbangela eyinhloko yokutholakala kokudla emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwalo mkhakha osebenza kahle kakhulu futhi onenzuzo kukhona izindleko ezifihliwe nezibulalayo: ukungcola komoya. Ukukhishwa kwegesi okuvela emapulazini asefektri, okuhlanganisa i-ammonia, i-methane, izinto ezincane, kanye namanye amagesi ayingozi, kubeka izingozi ezinkulu empilweni yomphakathi kanye nakubantu abaningi. Lolu hlobo lokuwohloka kwemvelo luvame ukunganakwa, kodwa imiphumela yezempilo ifinyelela kude, okuholela ezifweni zokuphefumula, izinkinga zenhliziyo, kanye nezinye izimo zempilo ezingamahlalakhona. Izinga Lokungcola Komoya Yi-Factory Farming Amapulazi asefektri anesibopho sengxenye enkulu yokungcola komoya. Lezi zikhungo zigcina izinkulungwane zezilwane ezindaweni ezivalekile, lapho imfucuza iqongelela khona ngobuningi obukhulu. Njengoba izilwane zikhipha imfucuza, amakhemikhali namagesi akhishwa emoyeni amuncwa yizilwane kanye nemvelo. Ubuningi obukhulu be …

Ukulima kwezimboni, indlela yokulima izilwane ngokujulile, sekuyisikhathi eside kuhlotshaniswa nokukhathazeka okuningi ngezemvelo kanye nokuziphatha, kodwa enye yemiphumela ecashile kakhulu futhi evame ukunganakwa ukungcola okudala emoyeni. Imisebenzi yezimboni ebanzi, lapho izilwane zigcinwa khona ezimweni ezixinene, ezingahlanzekile, ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lokungcola komoya okubangela ukuwohloka kwemvelo, izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi ukulima kwezimboni kubhekene kanjani ngqo nokungcola komoya kanye nemiphumela ebanzi enayo empilweni yethu, emvelweni, kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane ezihilelekile. Ukungcola kwamapulazi ezimboni ezolimo, noma i-Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs), kugcina izinkulungwane zezilwane ezindaweni ezivalekile lapho zikhiqiza khona imfucuza ngobuningi obukhulu. Lezi zikhungo ziwumthombo obalulekile wokungcola komoya, zikhipha izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagesi ayingozi kanye nezinto ezincane emoyeni. Ukungcola okuvame kakhulu kufaka phakathi: i-Ammonia (NH3): …

Izimboni zemfashini nezendwangu sekuyisikhathi eside zihlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifana noboya, uboya, kanye nesikhumba, ezithathwe ezilwaneni. Nakuba lezi zinto ziye zadunyiswa ngokuqina kwazo, ukufudumala, kanye nokunethezeka, ukukhiqizwa kwazo kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwemvelo. Lesi sihloko sihlola izingozi zemvelo zoboya, uboya, kanye nesikhumba, sihlola umthelela wazo ezindaweni zemvelo, enhlalakahleni yezilwane, kanye nomhlaba wonke. Indlela Ukukhiqizwa Koboya Okulimaza Ngayo Imvelo Imboni yoboya ingenye yezimboni ezilimaza kakhulu imvelo emhlabeni jikelele. Izikhumba zemboni yoboya ezingama-85% ezimangalisayo zivela ezilwaneni ezikhuliswe emapulazini efektri yoboya. Lawa mapulazi avame ukuhlala nezinkulungwane zezilwane ezimweni ezixinene, ezingahlanzekile, lapho zifuyelwa khona kuphela izikhumba zazo. Imiphumela yemvelo yale misebenzi inzima, futhi imiphumela idlulela ngale kwendawo eseduze yamapulazi. 1. Ukuqongelela Imfucuza Nokungcola Isilwane ngasinye kule fektri …

Ukulima kwasefektri sekuwumgogodla wokukhiqizwa kokudla kwanamuhla, kuletha inyama, ubisi, namaqanda angabizi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo somhlaba wonke. Noma kunjalo, izindleko zalo ezifihliwe empilweni yabantu zinkulu futhi ziyethusa. Kusukela ekumelaneni nama-antibiotic okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezidakamizwa emfuyweni kuya ezithasiselweni eziyingozi kanye nemikhiqizo engenazo izakhamzimba efika emapuletini ethu, imiphumela idlulela ngale kokusetshenziswa komuntu ngamunye. Kuhambisana nokungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye nengozi enkulu yezifo ezibangelwa ukudla, ukulima kwasefektri kuveza inselele enkulu yezempilo yomphakathi. Lesi sihloko sihlaziya ngokujulile le miphumela ngenkathi siqokomisa imikhuba yokulima esimeme njengezixazululo ezisebenzayo zokukhetha okunempilo kanye nekusasa elihle kakhulu kubantu kanye nomhlaba

Ukulima kwasefektri, noma ezolimo ezibanzi zezilwane, kushintshe ukukhiqizwa kokudla ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zomhlaba wonke kodwa kuletha izindleko ezinkulu empilweni yabantu. Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngemvelo nokuziphatha, lolu hlelo oluthuthukile lubeka izingozi ezinkulu zezifo zokuphefumula kubantu. Izimo ezixineneyo nezingcolile emapulazini efektri zidala izindawo zokuzalela izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane emoyeni kanye nezifo ezibangelwa yizilwane, kuyilapho ukungcola okufana ne-ammonia kanye nezinhlayiya ezivela emfucumfucwini yezilwane kungcolisa ikhwalithi yomoya. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwama-antibiotic kuyenza ibe nkulu inkinga ngokukhuthaza ukumelana nama-antibiotic, okwenza kube nzima ukwelashwa kwezifo zokuphefumula. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuxhumana okwesabekayo phakathi kwemikhuba yokulima kwasefektri kanye nezingozi zempilo yokuphefumula—ukukhanyisa umthelela wazo kubasebenzi, emiphakathini eseduze, kubathengi, kanye nempilo yomphakathi iyonke—ngenkathi sikhuthaza izixazululo eziqhubekayo zokuvikela abantu kanye neplanethi

Ukulima kwezilwane kungumnikeli omkhulu kodwa ovame ukunganakwa ekungcolisweni komoya kanye nokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa okushisa, kudlula ngisho nomkhakha wezokuthutha ngomthelela wawo emvelweni. Kusukela ekukhishweni kwe-methane okuhlobene nokugaya kwezilwane kuya ekugayweni kwamahlathi ukuze kutshalwe amadlelo kanye nokulima ukudla, lo mkhakha udlala indima ebalulekile ekusheshiseni ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokwehla kwemvelo. Njengoba imizamo yomhlaba wonke iqina yokulwa nalezi zinselele, ukuqonda umonakalo wemvelo wokukhiqizwa kwenyama nobisi kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sihlola imiphumela ebanzi yokulima kwezilwane, siqokomisa izixazululo eziqhubekayo njengemikhuba yokulima evuselelayo kanye nokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, futhi sigcizelela ukuthi ukukhetha kwabathengi okunolwazi kanye nezinqubomgomo zikahulumeni eziqinile kungaqhuba kanjani ushintsho olunenjongo oluya esikhathini esizayo esiqhubekayo

Ukungcoliswa komoya kuyinto ekhathazayo emhlabeni wonke, kodwa ubuwazi ukuthi ukudla kwakho kudlala indima ekhwalithini yomoya esiwuphefumulayo? Ngenkathi izimboni nezimoto zivame ukusolwa, ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kungumbangela ofihliwe wokukhishwa kwegesi okuyingozi. Kusukela ku-methane ekhishwa yimfuyo kuya ekugawulweni kwamahlathi ukuze kudliwe amadlelo, inani lokusetshenziswa kwenyama emvelweni liyamangaza. Lesi sihloko siveza ukuthi ukungabi nenyama kunganciphisa kanjani ukungcoliswa komoya, sihlola ezinye izindlela zamaprotheni ezinobungani nemvelo, futhi sinikeze amathiphu asebenzayo okushintshela endleleni yokuphila esekelwe ezitshalweni. Joyina nathi ekutholeni ukuthi izinguquko ezincane zokudla zingaholela kanjani ezinzuzweni ezinkulu zemvelo—nomoya ohlanzekile kubo bonke