Umthelela Wokudla - Humane Foundation

Ukukhetha ukudla esikwenzayo nsuku zonke kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu emhlabeni. Ukudla okunemikhiqizo yezilwane eningi—njengenyama, ubisi, namaqanda—kuphakathi kwezinto ezihamba phambili ekuwohlokeni kwemvelo, okubangela ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukushoda kwamanzi, kanye nokungcola. Ukufuya izilwane ezimbonini kudinga umhlaba, amanzi, kanye namandla amaningi, okwenza kube ngenye yezinhlelo ezisebenzisa izinsiza eziningi kakhulu eMhlabeni. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuvame ukudinga izinsiza zemvelo ezimbalwa futhi kukhiqiza indawo ephansi kakhulu yemvelo.
Umthelela wokudla kwemvelo udlula ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukulima izilwane okujulile kusheshisa ukulahleka kwezinto eziphilayo ngokuguqula amahlathi, izindawo ezimanzi, kanye notshani kube izitshalo zokudla okulinywayo okukodwa, kuyilapho kungcolisa inhlabathi kanye nemizila yamanzi ngomanyolo, izibulala-zinambuzane, kanye nemfucuza yezilwane. Le mikhuba ebhubhisayo ayigcini nje ngokuphazamisa imvelo ebucayi kodwa futhi isongela ukuvikeleka kokudla ngokunciphisa ukuqina kwezinsiza zemvelo ezidingekayo ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Ngokuhlola ukuxhumana phakathi kwalokho esikudlayo kanye nomonakalo wako wemvelo, lesi sigaba sigcizelela isidingo esiphuthumayo sokucabanga kabusha ngezinhlelo zokudla zomhlaba wonke. Sigcizelela ukuthi ukushintshela kumaphethini okudla azinzile kakhulu—ukuthanda ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, kwesifunda, kanye nokucutshungulwa kancane—kunganciphisa kanjani umonakalo wemvelo ngenkathi kukhuthaza impilo yabantu. Ekugcineni, ukushintsha ukudla akuyona nje into umuntu angayenza kodwa futhi kuyisenzo esinamandla somthwalo wemfanelo wokuvikela imvelo.

Ukukhiqizwa kwezilwane zasezimbonini, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukulima kwezimbonini, kube yindlela evelele yokukhiqizwa kwenyama, ubisi, namaqanda amashumi eminyaka. Le ndlela yokulima ihilela ukuvalelwa kwezilwane ezindaweni ezinkulu, kusetshenziswa amasu anjengokuphathwa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nama-antibiotic ukuze kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa. Ngenkathi lolu hlelo luvumele ukuthi kukhiqizwe inani elikhulu lenyama eshibhile, luphinde lwaletha imiphumela eminingi yokuziphatha, ezemvelo, kanye nempilo. Kusukela ekwelashweni kwezilwane kuya emthonjeni emhlabeni wethu kanye nenhlalakahle yethu, imiphumela yokukhiqizwa kwezilwane zasezimbonini ifinyelela kude futhi iphakamise ukukhathazeka okukhulu phakathi kwabathengi, izishoshovu, kanye nochwepheshe bezempilo. Kulesi sihloko, sizogxila ezintweni zokuziphatha ezizungeze ukuphathwa kwezilwane emapulazini asezimbonini, umthelela wemvelo walolu hlelo, kanye nezingozi zezempilo ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokudla imikhiqizo evela ekukhiqizweni kwezilwane zasezimbonini. Ngokuhlola lezi zindawo ezintathu ezibalulekile, …

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nokukhathazeka okukhulayo mayelana nomthelela wemvelo wezinketho zethu zokudla. Indawo eyodwa ehlolisisiwe ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kanye negalelo layo ekukhishweni kwekhabhoni. Ngokukhula kwe-veganism kanye nokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, kube noshintsho ekuhloleni ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa inyama yendabuko. Kodwa-ke, umthelela wekhabhoni wokukhiqizwa kwenyama uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni kuyisihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi nesinobunye. Sihilela izici ezahlukahlukene njengokusetshenziswa komhlaba, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, kanye nokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa umhlaba. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umthelela wekhabhoni wokukhiqizwa kwenyama bese siwuqhathanisa nezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni. Ngokuhlola ucwaningo lwakamuva kanye nedatha, sizohlola umthelela wemvelo walezi mithombo ezimbili zokudla futhi sikhanyise ngezinzuzo ezingaba khona kanye nezinselele zokushintshela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni. Ngokuqonda umthelela wekhabhoni walezi zinketho zokudla, …

Siyakwamukela kumhlahlandlela wethu ophelele wokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni! Njengoba ukuthandwa kokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuqhubeka nokukhula, abantu abaningi bafuna izindlela zokufaka izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu, kanye nemifino eminingi ekudleni kwabo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumqali noma ungumuntu ocabanga ukushintsha ekudleni okusekelwe enyameni, lo mhlahlandlela uzokunikeza lonke ulwazi oludingayo ukuze uzulazule emhlabeni wokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni. Izisekelo Zokudla Okusekelwe Ezitshalweni Kuyini ngempela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni futhi kungani kuthandwa kakhulu? Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kubhekisela ekudleni okugxile kakhulu ekudleni ukudla okususelwa ezitshalweni, njengezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, imifino, amantongomane, kanye nembewu. Akubandakanyi noma kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane, okuhlanganisa inyama, ubisi, amaqanda, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle. Lokhu kukhetha kokudla kuthola ukuthandwa ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo zezempilo ezibonwayo, ukucatshangelwa kokuziphatha, kanye nokusimama kwemvelo. Abantu abaningi bakhetha …

Njengoba inani labantu emhlabeni liqhubeka nokukhula, nesidingo sokudla siyakhula. Omunye wemithombo eyinhloko yamaprotheni ekudleni kwethu inyama, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kuye kwanda kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kunemiphumela ebalulekile emvelweni. Ikakhulukazi, isidingo esikhulayo senyama sinegalelo ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zokuhlala, okuyizinsongo ezinkulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nempilo yeplanethi yethu. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zokuhlala. Sizohlola izinto ezibalulekile ezibangela ukwanda kwesidingo senyama, umthelela wokukhiqizwa kwenyama ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zokuhlala, kanye nezixazululo ezingaba khona zokunciphisa lezi zinkinga. Ngokuqonda ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zokuhlala, singasebenza ekudaleni ikusasa elizinzile kakhulu leplanethi yethu kanye nathi ngokwethu. Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kuthinta amazinga okugawulwa kwamahlathi I …

Ukulima kwasefektri, okwaziwa nangokuthi ezolimo zezimboni, sekuyindlela evelele yokukhiqiza ukudla emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Le ndlela ihilela ukukhulisa inani elikhulu lemfuyo ezindaweni ezivalekile, ngenhloso eyinhloko yokwandisa umkhiqizo kanye nenzuzo. Nakuba kungase kubonakale kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokondla inani labantu elikhulayo, imiphumela emibi yokulima kwasefektri ezindaweni zemvelo zasendaweni kanye nemvelo iyonke ayinakunakwa. Kusukela ekungcolisweni kwemithombo yamanzi kuya ekubhujisweni kwezindawo zokuhlala zemvelo, imiphumela yalolu hlobo lwezolimo oluthuthukile ifinyelela kude futhi iyingozi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ngokujulile imiphumela emibi yokulima kwasefektri ezindaweni zemvelo zasendaweni, futhi sihlole izindlela esingakhulisa ngazo ulwazi ngale nkinga ephuthumayo. Ngokuqonda ububanzi benkinga nokuthatha isinyathelo sokuyixazulula, singasebenza ekwakheni uhlelo lokudla oluhlala isikhathi eside nolunobungane nemvelo …

Sawubona, bathandi bezilwane kanye nabangani abaqaphela imvelo! Namuhla, sizongena esihlokweni esingase singabi mnandi kakhulu ukuxoxa ngaso, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu: amapulazi asefektri. Le misebenzi emikhulu ayigcini nje ngokukhiqiza ukudla ngezinga elikhulu - futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekusakazeni izifo nasekudaleni umonakalo emvelweni. Ake sihlole uhlangothi olumnyama lokulima kwasefektri nokuthi kungani kubalulekile ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga. Ukudluliswa Kwezifo Emapulazini asefektri Enye yezinto ezikhathazayo kakhulu ngamapulazi asefektri ukuthi angaba kanjani indawo yokuzalela izifo. Cabanga ngalokhu: izilwane ezihlanganiswe ndawonye ezindaweni ezivalekile, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuthi izifo zisabalale njengomlilo wasendle. Ukusondelana nezimo ezicindezelayo zenza buthaka amasosha omzimba azo, okwenza zibe sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka yizifo. Lokhu, nakho, kwandisa ingozi yokudluliswa kwezifo phakathi kwezilwane ngaphakathi epulazini. Yini ngisho …

Ulwandle lumboza ngaphezu kuka-70% wobuso boMhlaba futhi luyikhaya lezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo sezinhlanzi zasolwandle siholele ekukhuleni kwamapulazi olwandle nezinhlanzi njengendlela yokudoba okusimeme. La mapulazi, aziwa nangokuthi ukufuywa kwezinhlanzi zasemanzini, avame ukunconywa njengesixazululo sokudoba ngokweqile kanye nendlela yokuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo sezinhlanzi zasolwandle. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kobuso kukhona iqiniso elimnyama lomthelela la mapulazi anawo ezintweni eziphilayo zasemanzini. Nakuba zingase zibonakale njengesixazululo ebusweni, iqiniso liwukuthi amapulazi olwandle nezinhlanzi angaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu emvelweni nasezilwaneni ezibiza ulwandle njengekhaya. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena shí ezweni lokufuywa kolwandle nezinhlanzi futhi sidalule imiphumela efihliwe esongela izinto eziphilayo zasemanzini ethu. Kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwama-antibiotic kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane kuya ku-…

I-nitrogen iyinto ebalulekile empilweni eMhlabeni, idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezitshalo nezilwane. Kodwa-ke, lapho inani elikhulu le-nitrogen lingena emvelweni, lingaba nemiphumela emibi ezindaweni zemvelo nasempilweni yabantu. Omunye wabanegalelo elikhulu kule nkinga umkhakha wezolimo, ikakhulukazi ezolimo zezilwane. Ukukhiqizwa nokuphathwa kwemfuyo, okuhlanganisa izinkomo, izinkukhu, nezingulube, kuye kwaxhunyaniswa namazinga abalulekile okungcoliswa kwe-nitrogen. Lesi simo senzeka ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa umanyolo kanye nomquba, okucebile nge-nitrogen, kanye nokukhishwa kwe-ammonia okukhiqizwa yindle yezilwane. Njengoba isidingo semikhiqizo yezilwane siqhubeka nokukhula emhlabeni jikelele, nokukhathazeka ngomthelela wezolimo zezilwane ekungcolisweni kwe-nitrogen kuyanda. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuxhumana phakathi kwezolimo zezilwane kanye nokungcoliswa kwe-nitrogen, sihlole izimbangela zalo, imiphumela, kanye nezixazululo ezingaba khona. Ngokuqonda lobu budlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi, …

Ukulima kwasefektri, uhlelo oluthuthukisiwe lokukhulisa imfuyo ukuze kukhiqizwe ukudla, kube yimbangela eyinhloko yokutholakala kokudla emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwalo mkhakha osebenza kahle kakhulu futhi onenzuzo kukhona izindleko ezifihliwe nezibulalayo: ukungcola komoya. Ukukhishwa kwegesi okuvela emapulazini asefektri, okuhlanganisa i-ammonia, i-methane, izinto ezincane, kanye namanye amagesi ayingozi, kubeka izingozi ezinkulu empilweni yomphakathi kanye nakubantu abaningi. Lolu hlobo lokuwohloka kwemvelo luvame ukunganakwa, kodwa imiphumela yezempilo ifinyelela kude, okuholela ezifweni zokuphefumula, izinkinga zenhliziyo, kanye nezinye izimo zempilo ezingamahlalakhona. Izinga Lokungcola Komoya Yi-Factory Farming Amapulazi asefektri anesibopho sengxenye enkulu yokungcola komoya. Lezi zikhungo zigcina izinkulungwane zezilwane ezindaweni ezivalekile, lapho imfucuza iqongelela khona ngobuningi obukhulu. Njengoba izilwane zikhipha imfucuza, amakhemikhali namagesi akhishwa emoyeni amuncwa yizilwane kanye nemvelo. Ubuningi obukhulu be …

Ukulima kwezimboni, indlela yokulima izilwane ngokujulile, sekuyisikhathi eside kuhlotshaniswa nokukhathazeka okuningi ngezemvelo kanye nokuziphatha, kodwa enye yemiphumela ecashile kakhulu futhi evame ukunganakwa ukungcola okudala emoyeni. Imisebenzi yezimboni ebanzi, lapho izilwane zigcinwa khona ezimweni ezixinene, ezingahlanzekile, ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lokungcola komoya okubangela ukuwohloka kwemvelo, izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi ukulima kwezimboni kubhekene kanjani ngqo nokungcola komoya kanye nemiphumela ebanzi enayo empilweni yethu, emvelweni, kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane ezihilelekile. Ukungcola kwamapulazi ezimboni ezolimo, noma i-Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs), kugcina izinkulungwane zezilwane ezindaweni ezivalekile lapho zikhiqiza khona imfucuza ngobuningi obukhulu. Lezi zikhungo ziwumthombo obalulekile wokungcola komoya, zikhipha izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagesi ayingozi kanye nezinto ezincane emoyeni. Ukungcola okuvame kakhulu kufaka phakathi: i-Ammonia (NH3): …