I-Factory Farming Practices - Humane Foundation

Imikhuba yokulima efektri ibeka izigidigidi zezilwane ezimweni zezimboni eziphezulu, ibeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo kunenhlalakahle. Izinkomo, izingulube, izinkukhu, nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukuvalelwa ezindaweni eziminyene, zintula ukuziphatha kwemvelo, futhi zibhekene nezindlela zokudla eziqinile kanye nezinqubo zokukhula okusheshayo. Lezi zimo zivame ukuholela ekulimaleni ngokomzimba, ukucindezeleka okungapheli, kanye nezinkinga eziningi zempilo, okubonisa ukukhathazeka okujulile kokuziphatha okukhona kwezolimo zezimboni.
Ngaphandle kokuhlupheka kwezilwane, ukulima efektri kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu yemvelo kanye nomphakathi. Imisebenzi yezilwane ezinabantu abaningi inegalelo elikhulu ekungcolisweni kwamanzi, ukungcola komoya, kanye nokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa okushisa, kuyilapho futhi kunciphisa izinsiza zemvelo futhi kuthinta imiphakathi yasemakhaya. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwama-antibiotic ukuvimbela izifo ezimweni ezigcwele kakhulu kuphakamisa ezinye izinselele zempilo yomphakathi, okuhlanganisa ukumelana nama-antibiotic.
Ukubhekana nokulimala kwemikhuba yokulima efektri kudinga ukuguqulwa kwesistimu, ukwenza inqubomgomo enolwazi, kanye nokukhetha kwabathengi okuqaphile. Ukungenelela kwenqubomgomo, ukuzibophezela kwezinkampani, kanye nokukhetha kwabathengi—njengokusekela ukulima okuvuselelayo noma ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni—kunganciphisa ukulimala okuhlobene nokulima kwezilwane okuthuthukile. Ukuqaphela amaqiniso emikhuba yokulima efektri kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekwakheni uhlelo lokudla olunobuntu, oluzinzile, nolunomthwalo wemfanelo kokubili izilwane nabantu.

Ukulima kwasefektri sekuyinto evamile, kuguqula indlela abantu abasebenzisana ngayo nezilwane futhi kwakha ubudlelwano bethu nazo ngezindlela ezijulile. Le ndlela yokukhiqiza inyama ngobuningi, ubisi, namaqanda ibeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo kunenhlalakahle yezilwane. Njengoba amapulazi asefektri ekhula futhi ethuthuka kakhulu, adala ukungezwani okukhulu phakathi kwabantu nezilwane esizidlayo. Ngokunciphisa izilwane zibe yimikhiqizo nje, ukulima kwasefektri kuphazamisa ukuqonda kwethu izilwane njengezidalwa ezinengqondo ezifanelwe inhlonipho nozwelo. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela ukulima kwasefektri okuthinta ngayo kabi ukuxhumana kwethu nezilwane kanye nemiphumela ebanzi yokuziphatha yalo mkhuba. Ukwehlisa Izilwane Enhliziyweni yokulima kwasefektri kukhona ukwehlisa isithunzi sezilwane. Kulezi zenzo zezimboni, izilwane ziphathwa njengezimpahla nje, ngaphandle kokunaka izidingo zazo noma okuhlangenwe nakho kwazo. Ngokuvamile zigcinwa ezindaweni ezincane, ezigcwele kakhulu, lapho zinqatshelwa khona inkululeko yoku …

Ukulima kwasefektri, indlela ethuthuke kakhulu futhi ejulile yokukhulisa izilwane ukuze kukhiqizwe ukudla, sekuyinkinga enkulu kwezemvelo. Inqubo yokukhiqiza izilwane eziningi ukuze zidliwe ayiphakamisi nje imibuzo yokuziphatha mayelana nenhlalakahle yezilwane kodwa futhi inomthelela omubi emhlabeni. Nazi amaqiniso ayi-11 abalulekile mayelana namapulazi asefektri kanye nemiphumela yawo kwezemvelo: 1- Ukukhishwa Okukhulu Kwegesi Ebamba Ukushisa Amapulazi asefektri angenye yezinto ezihamba phambili ekukhiqizweni kwamagesi obamba ukufudumala komhlaba, ekhipha inani elikhulu le-methane ne-nitrous oxide emkhathini. Lawa magesi anamandla kakhulu kune-carbon dioxide endimeni yawo ekufudumaleni komhlaba, kanti i-methane isebenza kahle izikhathi ezingama-28 ekubambeni ukushisa esikhathini seminyaka eyi-100, kanti i-nitrous oxide inamandla izikhathi ezingama-298. Umthombo oyinhloko wokukhishwa kwe-methane kwezolimo zasefektri uvela ezilwaneni ezelusayo, njengezinkomo, izimvu, nezimbuzi, ezikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-methane ngesikhathi sokugaya …

Izingulube, ezaziwa ngokuhlakanipha kwazo kanye nokujula kwazo ngokomzwelo, zibekezelela ukuhlupheka okungenakucatshangwa ngaphakathi kohlelo lokulima lwefektri. Kusukela emikhubeni yokulayisha enobudlova kuya ezimweni zokuthutha ezinzima kanye nezindlela zokubulala ezingenabuntu, izimpilo zazo ezimfushane ziphawulwa unya olungapheli. Lesi sihloko siveza amaqiniso anzima abhekene nalezi zilwane ezinomusa, siqokomisa isidingo esiphuthumayo soshintsho embonini ebeka phambili inzuzo kunenhlalakahle

Izinkukhu ezisinda ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zamashedi enkukhu noma amakheji ebhethri zivame ukuhlukunyezwa kakhulu njengoba zithuthwa ziyiswa esilaheni. Lezi zinkukhu, ezikhuliswe ukuze zikhule ngokushesha ukuze zikhiqizwe inyama, zibekezelela izimpilo zokuvalelwa kakhulu kanye nokuhlupheka ngokomzimba. Ngemva kokubekezelela izimo eziminyene nezingcolile emashedini, uhambo lwazo oluya esilaheni luyiphupho elibi. Njalo ngonyaka, amashumi ezigidi zezinkukhu ahlushwa amaphiko nemilenze ephukile ngenxa yokuphathwa kabi ezibhekana nakho ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa. Lezi zinyoni ezibuthakathaka zivame ukuphonswa ngapha nangapha futhi ziphathwe kabi, okubangela ukulimala nokucindezeleka. Ezimweni eziningi, zopha igazi zize zife, zingakwazi ukusinda ekulimaleni kokucwiliswa emabhokisini agcwele kakhulu. Uhambo oluya esilaheni, olunganwebeka amakhulu amakhilomitha, lunezela osizini. Izinkukhu zipakishwa ziqinile emakhejini zingenandawo yokuhamba, futhi azinikwa ukudla noma amanzi ngesikhathi …

Izigidi zezinkomo zibhekene nokuhlupheka okukhulu embonini yenyama nobisi, usizi lwazo lufihliwe kakhulu emehlweni omphakathi. Kusukela ezimweni ezigcwele kakhulu, ezishisayo zamaloli okuthutha kuya ezikhathini zokugcina ezesabekayo ezindlini zokubulala, lezi zilwane eziphilile zibhekene nokunganakwa okungapheli kanye nonya. Njengoba zinqatshelwe izidingo eziyisisekelo njengokudla, amanzi, kanye nokuphumula phakathi nohambo olude phakathi nesimo sezulu esibi, eziningi zinqotshwa ukukhathala noma ukulimala ngaphambi kokufika endaweni yazo embi. Ezindlini zokubulala, imikhuba eqhutshwa yinzuzo ivame ukuholela ekutheni izilwane zihlale ziqaphile ngesikhathi sezinqubo ezinonya. Lesi sihloko siveza ukuxhashazwa okuhleliwe okugxilile kulezi zimboni ngenkathi sikhuthaza ukuqwashisa okukhulu kanye nokushintshela ekukhetheni okusekelwe ezitshalweni njengendlela yozwela eya phambili

Izimboni zemfashini nezendwangu sekuyisikhathi eside zihlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifana noboya, uboya, kanye nesikhumba, ezithathwe ezilwaneni. Nakuba lezi zinto ziye zadunyiswa ngokuqina kwazo, ukufudumala, kanye nokunethezeka, ukukhiqizwa kwazo kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwemvelo. Lesi sihloko sihlola izingozi zemvelo zoboya, uboya, kanye nesikhumba, sihlola umthelela wazo ezindaweni zemvelo, enhlalakahleni yezilwane, kanye nomhlaba wonke. Indlela Ukukhiqizwa Koboya Okulimaza Ngayo Imvelo Imboni yoboya ingenye yezimboni ezilimaza kakhulu imvelo emhlabeni jikelele. Izikhumba zemboni yoboya ezingama-85% ezimangalisayo zivela ezilwaneni ezikhuliswe emapulazini efektri yoboya. Lawa mapulazi avame ukuhlala nezinkulungwane zezilwane ezimweni ezixinene, ezingahlanzekile, lapho zifuyelwa khona kuphela izikhumba zazo. Imiphumela yemvelo yale misebenzi inzima, futhi imiphumela idlulela ngale kwendawo eseduze yamapulazi. 1. Ukuqongelela Imfucuza Nokungcola Isilwane ngasinye kule fektri …

Ukulima kwasefektri, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukulima kwezimboni, sekuyinto evamile ekukhiqizweni kokudla emhlabeni wonke. Nakuba kungase kuthembise ukusebenza kahle kanye nezindleko eziphansi, iqiniso lezilwane ezisemafektri liyesabeka kakhulu. Izingulube, ezivame ukubhekwa njengezidalwa ezihlakaniphile kakhulu nezenhlalo, zibekezelela ezinye zezindlela ezinonya kakhulu nezingenabuntu kulezi zikhungo. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izindlela eziyisithupha ezinonya kakhulu izingulube ezihlukunyezwa ngazo emafektri, sikhanyise ngonya olufihliwe olwenzeka ngemuva kweminyango evaliwe. Amabhokisi Okukhulelwa Inqubo yokuzalanisa izilwane ukuze zidliwe ingenye yemikhuba exhaphaza kakhulu kwezolimo zezimboni zanamuhla. Izingulube zesifazane, ezaziwa ngokuthi "izinsikazi," zisetshenziswa ekulimeni kwasefektri ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yamandla azo okuzala. Lezi zilwane zivundiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuzalanisa okwenziwe ngokwenziwa, okuholela ekuzalweni kwamathole angaba yizingulube ezincane ezingu-12 ngesikhathi. Lo mjikelezo wokuzala ngokucophelela …

Imboni yezemfashini ibilokhu iqhutshwa ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokukhanga kobuhle, kodwa ngemuva kweminye yemikhiqizo ebiza kakhulu, ubudlova obufihliwe bokuziphatha buyaqhubeka. Isikhumba, uboya, nezinye izinto ezithathwe ezilwaneni ezisetshenziswa ezingutsheni nezesekeli azigcini nje ngokuba nemiphumela emibi kwezemvelo kodwa futhi zihilela unya olukhulu ezilwaneni. Lesi sihloko sihlola unya oluthule olutholakala ekukhiqizweni kwalezi zindwangu, sihlola izinqubo ezihilelekile kanye nemiphumela yazo ezilwaneni, emvelweni, nakumthengi. Isikhumba: Isikhumba singenye yezinto ezindala kakhulu nezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezithathwe ezilwaneni embonini yezemfashini. Ukuze kukhiqizwe isikhumba, izilwane ezinjengezinkomo, izimbuzi, nezingulube ziphathwa ngendlela engenabuntu. Ngokuvamile, lezi zilwane zikhuliswa ezindaweni ezivalekile, zingenazo izindlela zokuziphatha zemvelo, futhi zibulawa kabuhlungu. Inqubo yokushiswa kwesikhumba ihlanganisa namakhemikhali ayingozi, abeka izingozi zemvelo nezempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni yezilwane ehlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwesikhumba inegalelo elikhulu ku- …

Amakethi okukhulelwa ezingulube ayindlela ephikisana kakhulu ekulimeni kwezilwane zanamuhla. Lezi zindawo ezincane, ezivalekile zisetshenziselwa ukuhlalisa izingulube zesifazane, noma izingulubekazi, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwazo. Lo mkhuba uvuse impikiswano enkulu ngokuziphatha mayelana nenhlalakahle yezilwane, njengoba uvame ukuphumela ekucindezelekeni okukhulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwezilwane ezihilelekile. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi ayini amakethi okukhulelwa, ukuthi kungani esetshenziswa ekulimeni kwezimboni, kanye nokukhathazeka kokuziphatha akuphakamisayo. Ayini Amakethi Okukhulelwa? Amakethi okukhulelwa, abizwa nangokuthi izitebele zezingulube, ayizindawo ezincane, ezivalekile ezenziwe ngensimbi noma ngocingo ezenzelwe ukubamba izingulube ezikhulelwe (izingulubekazi) ezindaweni zokulima zezimboni. Lawa makethi enzelwe ngqo ukuvimbela ukunyakaza kwengulube ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwayo, okunikeza indawo encane yokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ngokuvamile angabi ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili ububanzi namamitha ayisikhombisa ubude, umklamo uncane ngamabomu, okuvumela ingulube ukuba ime noma ilale …

Ukulima efektri, uhlelo olwenzelwe ukusebenza kahle kakhulu, luguqule ukufuywa kwezingulube kwaba inqubo evame ukunganaki inhlalakahle yezilwane. Ngemuva kweminyango evaliwe yale misebenzi kulele iqiniso elibuhlungu lonya nokuhlupheka. Izingulube, izilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu nezenhlalo, zibhekana nemikhuba engenabuntu ebeka phambili inzuzo kunenhlalakahle yazo. Lapha, siveza ezinye zezimo ezishaqisayo kanye nokwelashwa izingulube ezifuywayo ezibhekana nakho emapulazini efektri. Ukuvalelwa Okuxineneyo: Impilo Yokungakwazi Ukunyakaza Nokuhlupheka Esinye sezici eziphazamisa kakhulu zokulima izingulube ukuvalelwa kwezingulube, noma izingulube ezizalelayo, emabhokisini okukhulelwa—izindawo ezincane zensimbi ezibonisa ukusebenza kahle kokulima efektri. Lawa mabhokisi makhulu kancane kunezingulube ngokwazo, ngokuvamile alinganiselwa kumamitha amabili ububanzi namamitha angu-7 ubude, okwenza kube nzima ngokomzimba ukuthi izilwane ziphenduke, zelule, noma zilale phansi ngokunethezeka. Izingulube zichitha cishe impilo yazo yonke …