Ingulube (Izingulube, Amachwane)

Izingulube ziyizilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu, ezizwela ngokomzwelo, ngokuvamile uma ziqhathaniswa nezinja ngekhono lazo lokufunda, ukuxhumana, kanye nokwakha izibopho ezijulile zenhlalo. Kodwa ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo zokulima zasefektri, zibekezelela ezinye zezinhlobo ezinzima kakhulu zokuvalelwa kanye nokuphathwa kabi. Izingulube ezizalayo zivame ukugcinwa ekukhulelweni noma emabhokisini okuzalela avinjelwe kangangokuthi azikwazi ngisho nokuphenduka, zichitha isikhathi esiningi sokuphila kwazo zingakwazi ukuhamba ezindaweni ezincane kunemizimba yazo.
Izingulube ezincane, ezihlukaniswe nonina zisenemasonto ambalwa nje ubudala, zenziwa izinqubo ezibuhlungu njengokufakwa kwemisila, ukunqunywa kwamazinyo, kanye nokuthenwa, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-anesthesia. Eziningi zihlushwa ukucindezeleka, ukugula, kanye nokulimala ngenxa yokuminyana ngokweqile kanye nezimo ezingahlanzekile ezindaweni zezimboni. Ukuziphatha kwazo kwemvelo—njengokuhluma izimpande, ukudla, kanye nokuxhumana nabantu—cishe kwenqatshwa ngokuphelele kulezi zindawo, kunciphisa izidalwa eziphilayo nezinozwelo ezimpahleni ezikumugqa wokukhiqiza.
Imiphumela yokufuya izingulube kakhulu idlulela ngale kokuhlupheka kwezilwane. Imboni idala umonakalo omkhulu wemvelo ngokusebenzisa ama-lagoon emfucumfucu, ukungcola kwamanzi, kanye nokukhishwa kwamagesi aphezulu okushisa, kuyilapho futhi ibeka izingozi ezinkulu empilweni yabantu ngokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic ngokweqile kanye nokusabalala kwezifo zezilwane. Lesi sigaba siveza kokubili amaqiniso afihliwe ezingulubeni kanye namachwane kwezolimo zezimboni kanye nemiphumela ebanzi yokukhiqizwa kwezingulube, sisinxusa ukuba sicabange kabusha ngobuhlobo bethu nalezi zilwane ezimangalisayo kanye nezinhlelo ezizixhaphazayo.

Izingulube, ezaziwa ngokuhlakanipha kwazo kanye nokujula kwazo ngokomzwelo, zibekezelela ukuhlupheka okungenakucatshangwa ngaphakathi kohlelo lokulima lwefektri. Kusukela emikhubeni yokulayisha enobudlova kuya ezimweni zokuthutha ezinzima kanye nezindlela zokubulala ezingenabuntu, izimpilo zazo ezimfushane ziphawulwa unya olungapheli. Lesi sihloko siveza amaqiniso anzima abhekene nalezi zilwane ezinomusa, siqokomisa isidingo esiphuthumayo soshintsho embonini ebeka phambili inzuzo kunenhlalakahle

Njalo ngonyaka, izigidi zezilwane zasemapulazini zibhekana nohambo olunzima ekuhwebeni kwemfuyo emhlabeni wonke, zifihliwe ekubonweni komphakathi kodwa zigcwele ukuhlupheka okungenakucatshangwa. Zigcwele amaloli agcwele kakhulu, imikhumbi, noma izindiza, lezi zidalwa eziphilile zibhekene nezimo ezinzima—isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukukhathala—konke ngaphandle kokudla okwanele noma ukuphumula. Kusukela ezinkomeni nasezingulubeni kuya ezinkukhu nakonogwaja, azikho izinhlobo ezisindayo ekuthuthweni kwezilwane eziphilayo okunonya. Lo mkhuba awugcini nje ngokuphakamisa ukukhathazeka okwesabekayo kokuziphatha kanye nenhlalakahle kodwa futhi uqokomisa ukwehluleka kwesistimu ekuphoqeleleni amazinga okuphathwa kobuntu. Njengoba abathengi beqaphela kakhulu lobu budlova obufihliwe, ubizo loshintsho lukhula kakhulu—lufuna ukuzibophezela kanye nozwelo embonini eqhutshwa yinzuzo ngezindleko zokuphila kwezilwane

Ukulima kwasefektri, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukulima kwezimboni, sekuyinto evamile ekukhiqizweni kokudla emhlabeni wonke. Nakuba kungase kuthembise ukusebenza kahle kanye nezindleko eziphansi, iqiniso lezilwane ezisemafektri liyesabeka kakhulu. Izingulube, ezivame ukubhekwa njengezidalwa ezihlakaniphile kakhulu nezenhlalo, zibekezelela ezinye zezindlela ezinonya kakhulu nezingenabuntu kulezi zikhungo. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izindlela eziyisithupha ezinonya kakhulu izingulube ezihlukunyezwa ngazo emafektri, sikhanyise ngonya olufihliwe olwenzeka ngemuva kweminyango evaliwe. Amabhokisi Okukhulelwa Inqubo yokuzalanisa izilwane ukuze zidliwe ingenye yemikhuba exhaphaza kakhulu kwezolimo zezimboni zanamuhla. Izingulube zesifazane, ezaziwa ngokuthi "izinsikazi," zisetshenziswa ekulimeni kwasefektri ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yamandla azo okuzala. Lezi zilwane zivundiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuzalanisa okwenziwe ngokwenziwa, okuholela ekuzalweni kwamathole angaba yizingulube ezincane ezingu-12 ngesikhathi. Lo mjikelezo wokuzala ngokucophelela …

Amakethi okukhulelwa ezingulube ayindlela ephikisana kakhulu ekulimeni kwezilwane zanamuhla. Lezi zindawo ezincane, ezivalekile zisetshenziselwa ukuhlalisa izingulube zesifazane, noma izingulubekazi, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwazo. Lo mkhuba uvuse impikiswano enkulu ngokuziphatha mayelana nenhlalakahle yezilwane, njengoba uvame ukuphumela ekucindezelekeni okukhulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kwezilwane ezihilelekile. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi ayini amakethi okukhulelwa, ukuthi kungani esetshenziswa ekulimeni kwezimboni, kanye nokukhathazeka kokuziphatha akuphakamisayo. Ayini Amakethi Okukhulelwa? Amakethi okukhulelwa, abizwa nangokuthi izitebele zezingulube, ayizindawo ezincane, ezivalekile ezenziwe ngensimbi noma ngocingo ezenzelwe ukubamba izingulube ezikhulelwe (izingulubekazi) ezindaweni zokulima zezimboni. Lawa makethi enzelwe ngqo ukuvimbela ukunyakaza kwengulube ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwayo, okunikeza indawo encane yokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ngokuvamile angabi ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili ububanzi namamitha ayisikhombisa ubude, umklamo uncane ngamabomu, okuvumela ingulube ukuba ime noma ilale …

Izingulube sezilokhu zihlotshaniswa nempilo yasepulazini, ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezilwane ezingcolile nezingenangqondo. Kodwa-ke, izifundo zakamuva ziphonsela inselelo lo mbono, zisikisela ukuthi izingulube zingase zibe zihlakaniphe kakhulu kunalokho esasikucabanga. Eqinisweni, izingulube zibonisa amakhono okuqonda afana nalawo ezinye izilwane ezincane. Lesi sihloko sihlola umhlaba wokuqonda izingulube, sihlola ubufakazi obuveza izingulube njengezidalwa ezihlakaniphe kakhulu ezikwazi ukuziphatha okuyinkimbinkimbi nokuxazulula izinkinga. Ingabe izingulube zihlakaniphile? Impela, izingulube ziyizilwane ezihlakaniphile ngempela! Amashumi eminyaka ocwaningo nokubuka ahlinzeke ubufakazi obuqinile bamakhono azo okuqonda amangalisayo. Izingulube aziyinkimbinkimbi ngokomzwelo kuphela kodwa futhi ziyakwazi ukuzwa imizwa ehlukahlukene efana neyabantu, okuhlanganisa injabulo, injabulo, ukwesaba, nokukhathazeka. Amandla azo okwakha izinkumbulo ayamangalisa, futhi zingagcina ulwazi olubalulekile isikhathi eside. Leli khono lokukhumbula lidlala indima ebalulekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga zazo nasekuzivumelaniseni nezimo. Emphakathini, izingulube zibonisa ukuthi zithuthukile …

Ukulima efektri, uhlelo olwenzelwe ukusebenza kahle kakhulu, luguqule ukufuywa kwezingulube kwaba inqubo evame ukunganaki inhlalakahle yezilwane. Ngemuva kweminyango evaliwe yale misebenzi kulele iqiniso elibuhlungu lonya nokuhlupheka. Izingulube, izilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu nezenhlalo, zibhekana nemikhuba engenabuntu ebeka phambili inzuzo kunenhlalakahle yazo. Lapha, siveza ezinye zezimo ezishaqisayo kanye nokwelashwa izingulube ezifuywayo ezibhekana nakho emapulazini efektri. Ukuvalelwa Okuxineneyo: Impilo Yokungakwazi Ukunyakaza Nokuhlupheka Esinye sezici eziphazamisa kakhulu zokulima izingulube ukuvalelwa kwezingulube, noma izingulube ezizalelayo, emabhokisini okukhulelwa—izindawo ezincane zensimbi ezibonisa ukusebenza kahle kokulima efektri. Lawa mabhokisi makhulu kancane kunezingulube ngokwazo, ngokuvamile alinganiselwa kumamitha amabili ububanzi namamitha angu-7 ubude, okwenza kube nzima ngokomzimba ukuthi izilwane ziphenduke, zelule, noma zilale phansi ngokunethezeka. Izingulube zichitha cishe impilo yazo yonke …

Ngena eqinisweni elibuhlungu lokulima kwasefektri, lapho izilwane ziphucwa isithunzi futhi ziphathwa njengezimpahla embonini eqhutshwa yinzuzo. Kulandiswa ngu-Alec Baldwin, *Meet Your Meat* kudalula unya olufihliwe ngemuva kwamapulazi ezimboni ngevidiyo ekhangayo eveza ukuhlupheka okubhekene nezidalwa ezinemizwa. Le dokhumentari enamandla iphonsela ababukeli inselelo yokuthi bacabange kabusha ngokukhetha kwabo ukudla futhi bakhuthaze imikhuba yozwelo, eqhubekayo ebeka phambili inhlalakahle yezilwane kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wokuziphatha

Ukulima kwezimboni kusalokhu kungenye yezimboni ezifihliwe futhi eziphikisana kakhulu, ezisebenza kude nokuhlolisiswa komphakathi ngenkathi zifaka izilwane ekuhluphekeni okungenakucatshangwa. Ngamafilimu athakazelisayo kanye nophenyo oluyimfihlo, lesi sihloko sihlola amaqiniso amnyama abhekene nezinkomo, izingulube, izinkukhu, nezimbuzi kwezolimo zezimboni. Kusukela ekuxhashazweni okungapheli emapulazini obisi kuya ekuphileni okucindezelayo kwezinkukhu zenyama yenkukhu ezikhuliswe ukuze zihlatshwe ngaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha, lezi zembulo zembula umhlaba oqhutshwa yinzuzo ngezindleko zenhlalakahle yezilwane. Ngokudalula le mikhuba efihliwe, sinxuswa ukuba sicabange ngemikhuba yethu yokusebenzisa futhi sicabangele umthelela wayo wokuziphatha ezidalweni ezizwayo ezibanjwe ngaphakathi kwalesi simiso

Ukulima kwasefektri kusebenza ngemuva kobuso obakhiwe ngokucophelela, kufihla ukuhlupheka okusabalele okubangelwa izilwane egameni lokusebenza kahle. Ividiyo yethu ekhangayo yemizuzu emithathu enemifanekiso yembula la maqiniso afihliwe, iveza imikhuba evamile kodwa ekhathazayo njengokunqunywa komlomo, ukugoba umsila, kanye nokuvalelwa kanzima. Ngezithombe ezivusa imicabango kanye nokulandisa izindaba okunomthelela, le filimu emfushane imema ababukeli ukuthi babhekane nezinkinga zokuziphatha kwezolimo zezilwane zanamuhla futhi bacabangele ezinye izindlela zomusa. Masiqede ukuthula okuzungeze lezi zihlukumezi futhi sikhuthaze ushintsho olubalulekile ekuphathweni kobuntu kwazo zonke izilwane

Ekulimeni kwefektri, ukusebenza kahle kubekwa phambili kunanoma yini enye. Izilwane zivame ukukhuliswa ezindaweni ezinkulu, ezivalekile lapho zihlanganiswa khona ndawonye ukuze kwandiswe inani lezilwane ezingakhuliswa endaweni ethile. Lo mkhuba uvumela amazinga aphezulu okukhiqiza kanye nezindleko eziphansi, kodwa uvame ukulimaza inhlalakahle yezilwane. Kulesi sihloko, uzothola konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nemikhuba yokulima efektri. Ukulimeni kwefektri e-United States kuhlanganisa uhla lwezilwane, okuhlanganisa izinkomo, izingulube, izinkukhu, izinkukhu, nezinhlanzi. Izinkomo Izingulube Inhlanzi Izinkukhu Izinkukhu Izinkukhu Ezifuywayo Nezinkukhu Ukulima kwezinkukhu efektri kuhilela izigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: lezo ezikhuliswe ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kanye nalezo ezisetshenziselwa izinjongo zokubeka amaqanda. Impilo Yezinkukhu Ze-Broiler Emapulazini Efektri Izinkukhu ezikhuliswe inyama, noma izinkukhu ze-broiler, zivame ukubekezelela izimo ezinzima empilweni yazo yonke. Lezi zimo zifaka phakathi izindawo zokuhlala ezigcwele kakhulu nezingcolile, ezinga …