Izinhlanzi Nezilwane Zasemanzini

Izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane zasemanzini zakha iqembu elikhulu kakhulu lezilwane ezibulawa ukuze zidliwe, kodwa zivame ukunganakwa kakhulu. Izigidigidi ziyabanjwa noma zifuywa minyaka yonke, zidlula kakhulu inani lezilwane zasezweni ezixhashazwa kwezolimo. Naphezu kobufakazi besayensi obukhulayo bokuthi izinhlanzi zizwa ubuhlungu, ukucindezeleka, nokwesaba, ukuhlupheka kwazo kuyalahlwa noma kunganakwa njalo. Ukufuywa kwezinhlanzi kwezimboni, okwaziwa ngokuthi ukufuywa kwezinhlanzi, kubeka izinhlanzi ezindlini ezigcwele kakhulu noma emakhejini lapho izifo, amagciwane, kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi ephansi kudlangile khona. Amanani okufa aphezulu, futhi labo abasindayo babekezelela izimpilo zokuvalelwa, bencishwa ikhono lokubhukuda ngokukhululeka noma ukuveza ukuziphatha kwemvelo.
Izindlela ezisetshenziswa ukubamba nokubulala izilwane zasemanzini zivame ukuba nonya kakhulu futhi zinde. Izinhlanzi ezibanjwe endle zingase ziminyane kancane emadekini, zichotshozwe ngamanetha asindayo, noma zife ngenxa yokuncishiswa njengoba zikhishwa emanzini ajulile. Izinhlanzi ezifuywayo zivame ukuhlatshwa ngaphandle kokuzikhandla, zishiywe zifutha emoyeni noma eqhweni. Ngaphandle kwezinhlanzi, izigidigidi zezilwane ezihlala emanzini abandayo kanye nama-mollusk—njengezimfanzi, izinkalankala, kanye nama-octopus—nazo zibhekana nemikhuba ebangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, naphezu kokuqashelwa okwandayo kobuhlungu bazo.
Umthelela wezemvelo wokudoba kwezimboni kanye nokufuywa kwezinhlanzi nawo uyabhubhisa ngokufanayo. Ukudoba ngokweqile kusongela yonke indawo, kuyilapho amapulazi ezinhlanzi efaka isandla ekungcolisweni kwamanzi, ekubhujisweni kwendawo yokuhlala, kanye nokusabalala kwezifo ezilwaneni zasendle. Ngokuhlola usizi lwezinhlanzi nezilwane zasemanzini, lesi sigaba sikhanyisa izindleko ezifihliwe zokusetshenziswa kokudla kwasolwandle, sinxusa ukucatshangelwa okujulile ngemiphumela yokuziphatha, yemvelo, kanye nempilo yokuphatha lezi zidalwa ezinempilo njengezinsiza ezingasetshenziswa.

Ulwandle lumboza ngaphezu kuka-70% wobuso boMhlaba futhi luyikhaya lezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo sezinhlanzi zasolwandle siholele ekukhuleni kwamapulazi olwandle nezinhlanzi njengendlela yokudoba okusimeme. La mapulazi, aziwa nangokuthi ukufuywa kwezinhlanzi zasemanzini, avame ukunconywa njengesixazululo sokudoba ngokweqile kanye nendlela yokuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo sezinhlanzi zasolwandle. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kobuso kukhona iqiniso elimnyama lomthelela la mapulazi anawo ezintweni eziphilayo zasemanzini. Nakuba zingase zibonakale njengesixazululo ebusweni, iqiniso liwukuthi amapulazi olwandle nezinhlanzi angaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu emvelweni nasezilwaneni ezibiza ulwandle njengekhaya. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena shí ezweni lokufuywa kolwandle nezinhlanzi futhi sidalule imiphumela efihliwe esongela izinto eziphilayo zasemanzini ethu. Kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwama-antibiotic kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane kuya ku-…

Ukudla kwasolwandle kuyinto ebalulekile ekudleni komhlaba wonke, kodwa uhambo lwako oluya emapuletini ethu luvame ukuba nezindleko ezifihliwe. Ngemuva kokukhanga kwama-sushi rolls kanye nama-fish fillets kulele imboni egcwele ukuxhashazwa, lapho ukudoba ngokweqile, imikhuba ebhubhisayo, kanye nokuphathwa kabi kwezilwane zasemanzini kuyinto evamile. Kusukela emapulazini okufuya izilwane zasemanzini agcwele kakhulu kuya ekubanjweni okungahleliwe ngamanetha amakhulu okudoba, izidalwa ezingenakubalwa ezizwayo zibekezelela ukuhlupheka okukhulu zingabonakali. Ngenkathi izingxoxo zenhlalakahle yezilwane zivame ukugxila ezinhlotsheni zasemanzini, impilo yasolwandle isalokhu inganakwa kakhulu naphezu kokubhekana nezimo ezimbi ngokufanayo. Njengoba ulwazi lukhula ngalezi zihlukumezi ezinganakwa, kukhona ukubizwa okukhulayo kwamalungelo ezilwane zasemanzini kanye nokukhetha ukudla kwasolwandle okunezimiso zokuziphatha—okunikeza ithemba kokubili ezindaweni zemvelo zasolwandle kanye nezimpilo ezizisekelayo

Isikhathi eside kakhulu, inganekwane yokuthi izinhlanzi azikwazi ukuzwa ubuhlungu iye yathethelela unya olusakazekile ekudobeni nasekufuyweni kwezinhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, ubufakazi besayensi obukhulayo buveza iqiniso elihluke kakhulu: izinhlanzi zinezakhiwo zezinzwa kanye nezimpendulo zokuziphatha ezidingekayo ukuze zibhekane nobuhlungu, ukwesaba, kanye nokucindezeleka. Kusukela emikhubeni yokudoba yezentengiselwano ebangela ukuhlupheka isikhathi eside kuya ezinhlelweni zokufuya izilwane ezigcwele ukucindezeleka nezifo, izigidigidi zezinhlanzi zibhekana nokulimala okungenakucatshangwa minyaka yonke. Lesi sihloko sigxila kwisayensi engemuva kokuqonda izinhlanzi, sidalula ukwehluleka kokuziphatha kwalezi zimboni, futhi sisiphonsela inselelo yokuthi sicabange kabusha ngobuhlobo bethu nokuphila kwasemanzini—sikhuthaza izinqumo zozwela ezibeka phambili inhlalakahle yezilwane kunokuxhashazwa

Ethunzini lokulima kwezimboni, kuvela inkinga efihliwe ngaphansi kwamanzi—izinhlanzi, izidalwa ezinengqondo nezihlakaniphile, zibekezelela ukuhlupheka okungenakucatshangwa buthule. Ngenkathi izingxoxo mayelana nenhlalakahle yezilwane zivame ukugxila ezilwaneni zasemhlabathini, ukuxhashazwa kwezinhlanzi ngokudoba kwezimboni kanye nokufuywa kwezinhlanzi kusalokhu kunganakwa kakhulu. Zivaleleke ezimweni ezigcwele kakhulu futhi zichayeke kumakhemikhali ayingozi kanye nokubhujiswa kwemvelo, lezi zidalwa zibhekene nonya olungapheli olunganakwa ngabathengi abaningi. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukukhathazeka kokuziphatha, umthelela wemvelo, kanye nesicelo esiphuthumayo sesinyathelo sokuqaphela izinhlanzi njengezifanelwe ukuvikelwa kanye nozwelo ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo zethu zokudla. Ushintsho luqala ngokuqwashisa—ake sigxile ekuhluphekeni kwazo

Ukufuya i-octopus, impendulo ekukhuleni kwesidingo sokudla kwasolwandle, kudale impikiswano enkulu mayelana nemiphumela yako yokuziphatha kanye nemvelo. Lawa ma-cephalopod athakazelisayo awaziswa nje kuphela ngokukhanga kwawo kokupheka kodwa futhi ahlonishwa ngokuhlakanipha kwawo, amakhono okuxazulula izinkinga, kanye nokujula ngokomzwelo—izimfanelo eziphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile mayelana nokuziphatha kokuzibopha ezinhlelweni zokulima. Kusukela ekukhathazekeni ngenhlalakahle yezilwane kuya ekucindezelweni okubanzi kwamalungelo ezilwane zasolwandle, lesi sihloko sihlola ubunzima obuzungeze ukufuya i-octopus. Ngokuhlola umthelela wayo ezintweni eziphilayo, ukuqhathaniswa nemikhuba yokulima esekelwe emhlabeni, kanye nokubiza amazinga okuphathwa kobuntu, sibhekana nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kwabantu nokuhlonipha impilo yasolwandle enempilo

Uhlelo lwethu lokudla lwamanje lunesibopho sokufa kwezilwane zasemhlabeni ezingaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingu-9 minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, lesi sibalo esimangalisayo simane sibonisa ububanzi bokuhlupheka ngaphakathi kohlelo lwethu lokudla, njengoba sibhekene kuphela nezilwane zasemhlabeni. Ngaphezu kokulahlekelwa yimali emhlabeni, imboni yokudoba ibangela umonakalo omkhulu empilweni yasolwandle, ithatha izimpilo zezigidigidi zezinhlanzi nezinye izidalwa zasolwandle minyaka yonke, kungaba ngokuqondene nokudliwa ngabantu noma njengokulimala okungahlosiwe kwemikhuba yokudoba. Ukubanjwa kwezinhlanzi ngokungenhloso kubhekisela ekubanjweni okungahlosiwe kwezinhlobo ezingahlosiwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokudoba kwezentengiselwano. Lezi zisulu ezingahlosiwe zivame ukubhekana nemiphumela emibi, kusukela ekulimaleni nasekufeni kuya ekuphazamisekeni kwemvelo. Le ndatshana ihlola ubukhulu obuhlukahlukene bokubanjwa kwezinhlanzi ngokungenhloso, ikhanyisa umonakalo obangelwa yimikhuba yokudoba yezimboni. Kungani imboni yokudoba imbi? Imboni yokudoba ivame ukugxekwa ngemikhuba eminingana enemiphumela emibi ezindaweni zemvelo zasolwandle kanye …

Ekulimeni kwefektri, ukusebenza kahle kubekwa phambili kunanoma yini enye. Izilwane zivame ukukhuliswa ezindaweni ezinkulu, ezivalekile lapho zihlanganiswa khona ndawonye ukuze kwandiswe inani lezilwane ezingakhuliswa endaweni ethile. Lo mkhuba uvumela amazinga aphezulu okukhiqiza kanye nezindleko eziphansi, kodwa uvame ukulimaza inhlalakahle yezilwane. Kulesi sihloko, uzothola konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nemikhuba yokulima efektri. Ukulimeni kwefektri e-United States kuhlanganisa uhla lwezilwane, okuhlanganisa izinkomo, izingulube, izinkukhu, izinkukhu, nezinhlanzi. Izinkomo Izingulube Inhlanzi Izinkukhu Izinkukhu Izinkukhu Ezifuywayo Nezinkukhu Ukulima kwezinkukhu efektri kuhilela izigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: lezo ezikhuliswe ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kanye nalezo ezisetshenziselwa izinjongo zokubeka amaqanda. Impilo Yezinkukhu Ze-Broiler Emapulazini Efektri Izinkukhu ezikhuliswe inyama, noma izinkukhu ze-broiler, zivame ukubekezelela izimo ezinzima empilweni yazo yonke. Lezi zimo zifaka phakathi izindawo zokuhlala ezigcwele kakhulu nezingcolile, ezinga …

Izilwandle, ezigcwele ukuphila futhi ezibalulekile ekulinganiseni kweplanethi yethu, zingaphansi kokuhlaselwa ukudoba ngokweqile kanye nokubanjwa ngephutha—amandla amabili abhubhisayo abangela ukuba izinhlobo zasolwandle ziwohloke. Ukudoba ngokweqile kunciphisa inani lezinhlanzi ngamazinga angazinzile, kuyilapho ukubanjwa ngephutha kubamba ngokungakhethi izidalwa ezisengozini njengezimfudu zasolwandle, amahlengethwa, nezinyoni zasolwandle. Le mikhuba ayiphazamisi nje kuphela imvelo yasolwandle eyinkimbinkimbi kodwa futhi isongela imiphakathi yasogwini ethembele ekudobeni okuchumayo ukuze iziphilise. Lesi sihloko sihlola umthelela omkhulu wale misebenzi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nemiphakathi yabantu ngokufanayo, sibiza isinyathelo esiphuthumayo ngemikhuba yokuphatha okusimeme kanye nokubambisana komhlaba wonke ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yezilwandle zethu

Ukulima ezimbonini sekuyindlela evelele yokukhiqiza inyama, eqhutshwa yisidingo senyama eshibhile neningi. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokunethezeka kwenyama ekhiqizwa ngobuningi kulele iqiniso elimnyama lonya nokuhlupheka kwezilwane. Esinye sezici ezicindezelayo kakhulu zokulima ezimbonini ukuboshwa ngonya okubekezelelwa yizigidi zezilwane ngaphambi kokuba zihlatshwe. Le ndatshana ihlola izimo ezingenabuntu ezibhekene nezilwane ezifuywa ezimbonini kanye nemiphumela yokuziphatha yokuboshwa kwazo. Ukwazi izilwane ezifuywayo Lezi zilwane, ezivame ukufuywa ngenxa yenyama yazo, ubisi, amaqanda, zibonisa ukuziphatha okuhlukile futhi zinezidingo ezihlukile. Nasi isifinyezo sezinye zezilwane ezifuywayo ezivamile: Izinkomo, njengezinja zethu ezithandekayo, zijabulela ukufuywa futhi zifuna ukuxhumana nabantu nezinye izilwane. Endaweni yazo yemvelo, zivame ukwakha izibopho ezihlala njalo nezinye izinkomo, njengobungane obuhlala njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zizwa uthando olujulile ngamalungu omhlambi wazo, zibonisa usizi lapho …

Izinhlanzi ziyizidalwa ezizwayo ezikwazi ukuzwa ubuhlungu, iqiniso eliqinisekiswa ngokwengeziwe ubufakazi besayensi obususa izinkolelo eziphelelwe yisikhathi. Naphezu kwalokhu, izimboni zezinhlanzi zasolwandle kanye nezindawo zokudla zasolwandle zivame ukunganaki ukuhlupheka kwazo. Kusukela emapulazini ezinhlanzi aminyene kuya ezindleleni zokuhlaba ngonya, izinhlanzi ezingenakubalwa zibhekana nokucindezeleka okukhulu kanye nokulimala empilweni yazo yonke. Lesi sihloko sembula amaqiniso ngemuva kokukhiqizwa kokudla kwasolwandle—sihlola isayensi yokuqonda ubuhlungu bezinhlanzi, izinselele zokuziphatha zemikhuba yokulima ejulile, kanye nemiphumela yemvelo ehlobene nalezi zimboni. Simema abafundi ukuthi bacabange kabusha ukukhetha kwabo futhi bakhuthaze izindlela ezinobuntu nezisimeme zokuphila kwasemanzini