Uhulumeni Nenqubomgomo

Indima yohulumeni nezinhlangano ezenza izinqubomgomo ibaluleke kakhulu ekwakheni izinhlelo zokudla, ekuvikeleni inhlalakahle yezilwane, nasekuqinisekiseni impilo yomphakathi. Lesi sigaba sihlola ukuthi izinqumo zezepolitiki, imithetho, kanye nezinqubomgomo zomphakathi zingaqhubekisela phambili kanjani ukuhlupheka kwezilwane kanye nokuwohloka kwemvelo—noma ziqhubekisele phambili ushintsho olubalulekile oluya esikhathini esizayo esinobulungiswa, esiqhubekayo, nesinozwela.
Lesi sigaba sigxila ezindleleni zamandla ezibumba izinqumo zenqubomgomo: ithonya lokunxenxa kwezimboni, ukuntuleka kokucaca ezinqubweni zokulawula, kanye nokuthambekela kokubeka phambili ukukhula komnotho wesikhathi esifushane kunenhlalakahle yomphakathi neyeplanethi yesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwalezi zithiyo, igagasi elikhulayo lokucindezela kwabantu, ukumela kwesayensi, kanye nentando yezepolitiki sekuqala ukushintsha isimo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokuvinjelwa kwemikhuba yobudlova bezilwane, izikhuthazo zokusungula izinto ezintsha ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, noma izinqubomgomo zokudla ezihambisana nesimo sezulu, kwembula ukuthi ukubusa ngesibindi kungaba kanjani isivikelo soshintsho olushintshayo nolwesikhathi eside.
Lesi sigaba sikhuthaza izakhamuzi, abameli, kanye nabenzi bezinqubomgomo ngokufanayo ukuthi bacabange kabusha ezombusazwe njengethuluzi lentuthuko yokuziphatha. Ubulungiswa bangempela bezilwane ezingabantu kanye nezingezona abantu buxhomeke ekuguqulweni kwenqubomgomo okunesibindi, okubandakanya kanye nohlelo lwezepolitiki olubeka phambili uzwela, ukucaca, kanye nokusimama kwesikhathi eside.

Ukulima kwasefektri, uhlelo oluthuthukisiwe lokukhulisa imfuyo ukuze kukhiqizwe ukudla, kube yimbangela eyinhloko yokutholakala kokudla emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwalo mkhakha osebenza kahle kakhulu futhi onenzuzo kukhona izindleko ezifihliwe nezibulalayo: ukungcola komoya. Ukukhishwa kwegesi okuvela emapulazini asefektri, okuhlanganisa i-ammonia, i-methane, izinto ezincane, kanye namanye amagesi ayingozi, kubeka izingozi ezinkulu empilweni yomphakathi kanye nakubantu abaningi. Lolu hlobo lokuwohloka kwemvelo luvame ukunganakwa, kodwa imiphumela yezempilo ifinyelela kude, okuholela ezifweni zokuphefumula, izinkinga zenhliziyo, kanye nezinye izimo zempilo ezingamahlalakhona. Izinga Lokungcola Komoya Yi-Factory Farming Amapulazi asefektri anesibopho sengxenye enkulu yokungcola komoya. Lezi zikhungo zigcina izinkulungwane zezilwane ezindaweni ezivalekile, lapho imfucuza iqongelela khona ngobuningi obukhulu. Njengoba izilwane zikhipha imfucuza, amakhemikhali namagesi akhishwa emoyeni amuncwa yizilwane kanye nemvelo. Ubuningi obukhulu be …

Ukulima kwezimboni, indlela yokulima izilwane ngokujulile, sekuyisikhathi eside kuhlotshaniswa nokukhathazeka okuningi ngezemvelo kanye nokuziphatha, kodwa enye yemiphumela ecashile kakhulu futhi evame ukunganakwa ukungcola okudala emoyeni. Imisebenzi yezimboni ebanzi, lapho izilwane zigcinwa khona ezimweni ezixinene, ezingahlanzekile, ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lokungcola komoya okubangela ukuwohloka kwemvelo, izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi ukulima kwezimboni kubhekene kanjani ngqo nokungcola komoya kanye nemiphumela ebanzi enayo empilweni yethu, emvelweni, kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane ezihilelekile. Ukungcola kwamapulazi ezimboni ezolimo, noma i-Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs), kugcina izinkulungwane zezilwane ezindaweni ezivalekile lapho zikhiqiza khona imfucuza ngobuningi obukhulu. Lezi zikhungo ziwumthombo obalulekile wokungcola komoya, zikhipha izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagesi ayingozi kanye nezinto ezincane emoyeni. Ukungcola okuvame kakhulu kufaka phakathi: i-Ammonia (NH3): …

Njalo ngonyaka, izilwane ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 zibhekana nokuhlupheka okungenakucatshangwa emalabhorethri emhlabeni wonke, okudala impikiswano ekhulayo mayelana nokuziphatha kanye nesidingo sokuhlolwa kwezilwane. Kusukela ekuchayweni ngamakhemikhali anobuthi kuya ezinqubweni ezihlaselayo, lezi zidalwa ezinengqondo zibhekana nezimo ezingenabuntu ngaphansi kwesicaba sentuthuko yesayensi. Kodwa-ke, ngentuthuko kwezinye izindlela ezingenalo unya njengokuhlolwa kwe-in vitro kanye nokulingisa kwekhompyutha okunikeza imiphumela enembile neyobuntu, ukuthembela okuqhubekayo ekuhlolweni kwezilwane okuphelelwe yisikhathi kuphakamisa imibuzo ephuthumayo mayelana nokuziphatha, ubuqiniso besayensi, kanye nomthelela wemvelo. Lesi sihloko sigxila emaqinisweni anzima okuhlolwa kwezilwane ngenkathi siqokomisa izinyathelo ezingasetshenziswa ukuze sisekele imikhuba yocwaningo olunokuziphatha evikela kokubili izilwane kanye nempilo yabantu

Ukufuya i-octopus, impendulo ekukhuleni kwesidingo sokudla kwasolwandle, kudale impikiswano enkulu mayelana nemiphumela yako yokuziphatha kanye nemvelo. Lawa ma-cephalopod athakazelisayo awaziswa nje kuphela ngokukhanga kwawo kokupheka kodwa futhi ahlonishwa ngokuhlakanipha kwawo, amakhono okuxazulula izinkinga, kanye nokujula ngokomzwelo—izimfanelo eziphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile mayelana nokuziphatha kokuzibopha ezinhlelweni zokulima. Kusukela ekukhathazekeni ngenhlalakahle yezilwane kuya ekucindezelweni okubanzi kwamalungelo ezilwane zasolwandle, lesi sihloko sihlola ubunzima obuzungeze ukufuya i-octopus. Ngokuhlola umthelela wayo ezintweni eziphilayo, ukuqhathaniswa nemikhuba yokulima esekelwe emhlabeni, kanye nokubiza amazinga okuphathwa kobuntu, sibhekana nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kwabantu nokuhlonipha impilo yasolwandle enempilo

Izinhlaka zomthetho zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni imithetho emelene nobudlova eklanyelwe ukuvikela izilwane ekuhlukunyezweni nasekunganakweni. Imizamo yazo idlulela ngalé kophenyo, ihlanganisa ukusebenzisana nezindawo zokuhlala izilwane, izinhlangano ezinakekela inhlalakahle, kanye nemiphakathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubulungiswa ezilwaneni eziyizisulu. Ngokubeka phambili imfundo, ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile, nokukhuthaza izijeziso ezinzima kulabo abaphula umthetho, lezi zinhlaka zinomthelela omkhulu ekukhuliseni isiko lomusa nokuziphendulela. Lesi sihloko sihlola indima yazo ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni le mithetho, ukubhekana nezinselele ekuqulweni kwamacala, nokusebenzisa amasu akhuthaza inhlalakahle yezilwane kuyilapho kukhuthaza ukuqapha komphakathi ngokumelene nobudlova

Unya lwezilwane luyinkinga enkulu eqhubekayo emhlabeni wonke, ebangela ukuhlupheka okukhulu ezilwaneni ezingenakubalwa ngokunganakwa, ukushiywa, kanye nokulimaza ngamabomu. Amaphoyisa adlala indima ebalulekile ekulweni nalokhu kungabi nabulungisa ngokuphenya amacala, ukushushisa abenzi bobubi, kanye nokuvikela inhlalakahle yezilwane ezisengozini. Umsebenzi wabo awugcini nje ngokufuna ubulungiswa kulaba bantu abangakwazi ukuzivikela kodwa futhi usebenza njengesivikelo sokuvimbela izenzo zonya zesikhathi esizayo. Lesi sihloko sigxila emizamweni ebalulekile yamaphoyisa ekubhekaneni nokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane—ukuhlola izinhlaka zomthetho abasebenza kuzo, izinselele abahlangabezana nazo ngesikhathi sophenyo kanye nokushushiswa, kanye nokubaluleka kokubambisana nezinhlangano zezenhlalakahle yezilwane. Ngokuqonda ukuzibophezela kwabo ekuvikeleni izilwane kanye nokugcina ukuzibophezela, singawusekela kangcono umsebenzi wabo wokudala imiphakathi ephephile yazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo

Umthetho wamalungelo ezilwane uyisisekelo senhlangano yomhlaba wonke ekhulayo yokuvikela izilwane ebudloveni nasekuxhashazweni. Kuwo wonke amazwekazi, amazwe ethula imithetho evimbela imikhuba engenabuntu, eqaphela izilwane njengezidalwa ezinengqondo, futhi ekhuthaza amazinga okuziphatha ezimbonini ezisukela kwezolimo kuya kwezokuzijabulisa. Kodwa-ke, kanye nalezi zimpumelelo kunezinselele eziqhubekayo—ukuphoqelelwa okubuthakathaka, izithiyo zamasiko, kanye nokuphikiswa okuvela emikhakheni enamandla kuyaqhubeka nokuvimba intuthuko. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlola okuhlakaniphile kwentuthuko eyenziwe, izithiyo ezibhekene nazo, kanye noshintsho oluqhubekayo oluqhuba ukumela. Ngokugqamisa izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, izinguquko zezwe, izinhlelo zomphakathi, kanye nentuthuko engalindelekile ezifundeni ezingamelwe kahle, kudweba isithombe esicacile sokuthi simi kuphi—nokuthi yini okunye okudingeka kwenziwe—ukuqinisekisa ikusasa elihle lazo zonke izilwane

Cabanga ngezwe lapho amahlathi emi khona, imifula ikhazimula ngobumsulwa, nezilwane zasendle zichuma ngaphandle kokusongelwa. Lo mbono awuyona into engenakwenzeka njengoba kubonakala—ipuleti lakho liphethe isihluthulelo. Izimboni zenyama nobisi ziphakathi kwezimbangela ezinkulu zokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa, ukungcola kwamanzi, kanye nokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo. Ngokushintshela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni, ungadlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni le miphumela. Kusukela ekuncishisweni kwezinyathelo zekhabhoni kuya ekulondolozweni kwezindawo eziphilayo ezibalulekile, ukudla ngakunye kuyithuba lokuvikela iplanethi yethu. Ukulungele ukwenza umehluko? Ake sihlole ukuthi izinguquko ezincane zokudla zingavusa kanjani intuthuko enkulu kwezemvelo!

Ukunciphisa ukudla inyama sekuyindaba eshisayo ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo. Ochwepheshe abaningi bathi kusebenza kangcono ekunciphiseni umthelela wezolimo emvelweni kunemizamo yokuvuselela amahlathi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izizathu zalesi simangalo futhi sihlolisise izindlela ezahlukene ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama okungasiza ngazo ohlelweni lokudla oluhlala isikhathi eside nolunesimilo. Umthelela Wemvelo Wokukhiqiza Inyama Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kunomthelela omkhulu emvelweni, okunegalelo ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, ukungcola kwamanzi, kanye nokulahlekelwa yizinto eziphilayo. Ezolimo zezilwane zibangela cishe u-14.5% wokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa umhlaba wonke, okungaphezu komkhakha wonke wezokuthutha. Ukunciphisa ukudla inyama kungasiza ekulondolozeni imithombo yamanzi, njengoba kuthatha amanzi amaningi ukukhiqiza inyama uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni. Ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama, singanciphisa umthelela wezolimo emvelweni futhi sisebenzele ohlelweni lokudla oluhlala isikhathi eside. …