Yeka ukuthi ezolimo zezilwane zigula kanjani ukumelana namagciwane antifulaza futhi zisongela impilo yomphakathi
Ukumelana nama-antibiotic kuyinkinga yomhlaba wonke esongela ukusebenza kwemithi yesimanje. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-antibiotics ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kwabantu nezilwane kuye kwaholela ekuveleni kwama-superbugs - amagciwane amelana nezinhlobo eziningi zama-antibiotic. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama-antibiotic ekwelashweni kwabantu kwaziwa kakhulu, ubufakazi obukhulayo bubonisa ukuthi ukulima kwezilwane nakho kunendima enkulu ekwandeni kwamagciwane amelana nama-antibiotic. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizohlola ukuxhumana phakathi kwezolimo zezilwane nokumelana nama-antibiotic, sikukhanyisele kulokhu kukhathazeka okukhulayo.
Uhlolojikelele LwezoLimo Lwezilwane Nemithi Elwa Namagciwane
Ukulima kwezilwane, okuhlanganisa ukufuya inyama, ubisi, namaqanda, kubalulekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo somhlaba wonke semikhiqizo yokudla esekelwe ezilwaneni. Ukugcina izilwane ziphilile futhi zingenazo izifo kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umkhiqizo kanye nokwenza inzuzo kulo mkhakha. Ukuze kuzuzwe lezi zinhloso, ama-antibiotics asetshenziswe kabanzi kwezolimo zezilwane amashumi eminyaka ambalwa.
Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwama-antibiotics kwezolimo zezilwane kuhloswe kakhulu ukukhuthaza ukukhula, ukuvimbela nokwelapha izifo, nokugcina impilo yemihlambi noma yezimvu. Ama-antibiotics asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela izifo ezivame ukuvela ezimeni eziminyene futhi ezicindezelayo lapho izilwane zikhuliswa ngezinhlelo zokulima eziqinile.
Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kabi nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-antibiotic kwezolimo kwezilwane kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ukuchayeka njalo kwebhaktheriya kumithamo ephansi yemithi elwa namagciwane kudala indawo ekahle yokuthi izinhlobo ezimelana nazo zivele futhi zichume.
Izindlela Ezingemuva Kokumelana Nama-Antibiotic
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukumelana nama-antibiotic, kubalulekile ukuhlola izindlela eziyisisekelo. Amagciwane anamakhono amangalisayo okuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi aphile lapho ebhekene nokuchayeka ngama-antibiotic.
Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kungenye indlela amagciwane athola ngayo ukumelana. Ukuguqulwa kofuzo okungahleliwe kungenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-DNA yebhaktheriya, kubanike amandla okumelana nemiphumela yemithi elwa namagciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagciwane angadlulisela izakhi zofuzo zokumelana nama-antibiotic kwabanye, ngisho nasezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene, ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukudluliswa kofuzo.
Lapho izilwane zichayeka emithi elwa namagciwane, amagciwane asengozini ayabulawa, kodwa amagciwane amelana nawo ayasinda futhi ande, edlulisela izakhi zawo zofuzo ezimelene nezizukulwane ezizayo. Lokhu kushintshaniswa kwezakhi zofuzo kungaholela ekudlulisweni kokumelana nama-antibiotic kusuka ezilwaneni kuya kubantu, okuholela ekusabalaleni kwama-superbugs okuba nzima kakhulu ukuwaphatha.
Lokhu kusetshenziswa ngokungakhethi kwama-antibiotic kwezolimo kwezilwane kudala indawo ekahle yokuthuthukiswa nokusabalala kokungazweli kwama-antibiotic. Amagciwane angaphakathi emathunjini ezilwane noma esikhumbeni sazo athola imithamo emincane ebulalayo yemithi elwa namagciwane, enikeza ithuba elanele lezinhlobo ezingazweli ukuthi zivele futhi zichume.
Okunye okukhathazayo ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yabantu kwezolimo zezilwane. Lawa ma-antibiotic, aziwa ngokuthi ama-antibiotic abalulekile kwezokwelapha, abalulekile ekwelapheni izifo ezingathi sína zabantu. Uma isetshenziswa ezilwaneni, ingozi yokudlulisa ukumelana namagciwane athelela abantu iyanda kakhulu.
Imithelela Yezempilo Yomphakathi
Umthelela wokumelana nama-antibiotic empilweni yomphakathi awunakuvezwa ngokweqile. Uma kuyekwa kungabhekwanga, kungase kuthuntubeze ikhono lethu lokwelapha izifo ezivamile futhi kungase kubangele ukwanda kwezifo ezinzima ezazilawuleka ngaphambilini.
Lokhu kusetshenziswa ngokungakhethi kwama-antibiotic kwezolimo kwezilwane kudala indawo ekahle yokuthuthukiswa nokusabalala kokungazweli kwama-antibiotic. Amagciwane angaphakathi emathunjini ezilwane noma esikhumbeni sazo athola imithamo emincane ebulalayo yemithi elwa namagciwane, enikeza ithuba elanele lezinhlobo ezingazweli ukuthi zivele futhi zichume.
Okunye okukhathazayo ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yabantu kwezolimo zezilwane. Lawa ma-antibiotic, aziwa ngokuthi ama-antibiotic abalulekile kwezokwelapha, abalulekile ekwelapheni izifo ezingathi sína zabantu. Uma isetshenziswa ezilwaneni, ingozi yokudlulisa ukumelana namagciwane athelela abantu iyanda kakhulu.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi izifo ezimelana nama-antibiotic zibangela ukuhlala isikhathi eside esibhedlela, izinga lokufa elikhuphukayo, kanye nezindleko zokunakekelwa kwezempilo eziphakeme. Izinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo zalezi zifo zikhawulelwe, okushiya ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo benezinye izidakamizwa ezimbalwa okungenzeka zingasebenzi kahle futhi zibe nobuthi kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusabalala kwamagciwane amelana nemithi elwa namagciwane ezilwaneni kuya kubantu kungenzeka ngokuthintana okuqondile, ukusetshenziswa kwenyama engcolile noma imikhiqizo yobisi, noma ukuchayeka enhlabathini noma emanzini angcolile. Lokhu kugqamisa isidingo esiphuthumayo sokubhekana nenkinga yokumelana nama-antibiotic kwezolimo zezilwane ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yomphakathi.
Ezinye Izindlela Zokulima Kwezilwane Esimeme
Kukhona ukuqashelwa okukhulayo kwesidingo sokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic kwezolimo zezilwane kanye nokusebenzisa izindlela ezizinzile. Kuye kwahlongozwa amasu ahlukahlukene futhi asetshenziswa ukuze kukhuthazwe ukusetshenziswa kahle kwama-antibiotic kanye nokweseka inhlalakahle yezilwane.
Ukuthuthukisa inhlanzeko nokusebenzisa izinyathelo ze-biosecurity emapulazini kunganciphisa kakhulu isidingo sama-antibiotics. Lezi zinyathelo zihlanganisa ukuphathwa kwemfucuza ngendlela efanele, ukuqinisekisa izimo zezindlu ezihlanzekile nezinethezekile, nokuvikela izifo ngokugoma.
Ukwengeza, ukugxila ekudleni kwezilwane kanye nokukhuthaza izinhlelo zokulima ezinempilo, ezifana nokulima okuphilayo noma okusekelwe emadlelweni , kungaba nomthelela enhlalakahleni yonke yezilwane futhi kunciphise ukuthembela kuma-antibiotics.
Amazwe amaningana namapulazi ngamanye asebenzise ngempumelelo izinqubo zokulima zezilwane ezisimeme. IDenmark, ngokwesibonelo, inciphise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic embonini yayo yezingulube ngokwethula imithethonqubo eqinile nezinhlelo zokuphatha ama-antibiotic. Ngokufanayo, amanye amapulazi ezinkukhu asebenzise ngempumelelo ama-probiotics kanye namanye amakhambi emvelo ukukhuthaza impilo yezilwane nokunciphisa isidingo sama-antibiotics.
Isiphetho
Ukwanda kokumelana nama-antibiotic kubangela usongo olukhulu emithini yesimanje, futhi kubalulekile ukubhekana nalolu daba ngokushesha nangokubanzi. Ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwezilwane nokumelana nama-antibiotic kugqamisa isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic ngendlela efanele emisebenzini yokulima izilwane . Ngokwamukela izindlela ezisimeme kanye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kuma-antibiotics, singasiza ukuvikela ukusebenza kahle kwama-antibiotic ezizukulwaneni ezizayo futhi siqinisekise inhlalakahle yakho kokubili izilwane nabantu.
