Ko te huringa āhuarangi tētahi o ngā take tino nui o tō tātou wā, me te ao whānui e pāngia ana e ngā wero kāore i kitea i mua i te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi me te whakaiti i tōna pānga ki te taiao. Ahakoa ko te arotahi matua ko ngā tukunga hauhā waro mai i ngā mahi a te tangata pēnei i te kawe waka me te whakaputa pūngao, ko tētahi atu hau kati kōtuhi kaha, ko te methane, he maha ngā wā ka warewarehia. E 28 ngā wā ka nui ake te kaha o te methane i te hauhā waro ki te hopu i te wera i roto i te āhuarangi o te Ao, ā, kua piki haere tonu ōna taumata i ngā tau tata nei. He mea whakamiharo, ko te pūtake nui rawa atu o ngā tukunga methane ehara i te mea mai i ngā wahie pūmua, engari mai i ngā kararehe. Ko te whakatipu me te tukatuka i ngā kararehe mō te mīti, te miraka, me ētahi atu hua kararehe he nui te whai wāhi ki ngā tukunga methane, ka waiho te umanga kararehe hei kaitākaro nui ki te whakamahana o te ao. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou te tūranga o ngā kararehe i roto i ngā tukunga methane me tōna pānga ki te whakamahana o te ao, ā, ka matapakihia ngā otinga pea hei whakaiti i ēnei tukunga. Mā te whiwhi māramatanga pai ake ki te whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā kararehe me ngā tukunga methane, ka taea e tātou te mahi i ngā mahi ki tētahi heke mai e mau tonu ana, e whai kawenga ana ki te taiao.

He nui te whai wāhi a ngā kararehe ki ngā tukunga methane

Kāore e taea te whakanui rawa i te pānga nui o ngā kararehe ki ngā tukunga methane. Ko te methane, he hau kati kōtuhi kaha, ka tukuna mā roto i ngā tukanga maha i roto i ngā pūnaha nakunaku o ngā kau, hipi, me ētahi atu kararehe ruminant. I a ēnei kararehe e kai ana, e nakunaku ana i ngā kai, ka puta te methane hei hua o ā rātou tukanga nakunaku uaua. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā mahi whakahaere paru me te rokiroki i roto i te umanga kararehe ka whai wāhi ki te tukunga o te methane ki te āhuarangi. I te mea he nui te rahi o te whakaputanga kararehe o te ao me te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā hua kararehe, he mea nui kia arohia te tūranga o ngā kararehe i roto i ngā tukunga methane hei wāhanga o ngā mahi whānui ki te whakaiti i te mahana o te ao me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi.

He hau kati kōtuhi kaha te methane

He hau kati kōtuhi kaha te methane, ā, he tino mōrearea ki te pumau o te āhuarangi o tō tātou ao. He nui ake tōna kaha ki te whakamahana i te hauhā waro, ahakoa he poto ake te wā e noho ana i te āhuarangi. E 28 ngā wā e kaha ake ana te methane ki te hopu i te wera i roto i te 100 tau. He rerekē ngā pūtake o ngā tukunga methane, tae atu ki ngā tukanga taiao pēnei i ngā repo me te turuturu whenua, tae atu ki ngā mahi a te tangata pēnei i te tango wahie pūmua me te ahuwhenua. Ko te mārama ki te pānga o te methane me te whakatinana i ngā rautaki hei whakaiti i ōna tukunga he mahi nui ki te whawhai ki te whakamahana o te ao me te whakaiti i ngā pānga o te huringa āhuarangi.

Ko te ahuwhenua te take o te 14% o ngā tukunga o te ao

He wāhi nui tā te ahuwhenua ki te whai wāhi atu ki ngā tukunga hau o te ao, e 14% pea o ngā tukunga hau katoa o te ao. Kei roto i tēnei rāngai he whānuitanga o ngā mahi, tae atu ki te whakaputa hua whenua, te whakatipu kararehe, me ngā huringa whakamahinga whenua. Ko ngā pūtake matua o ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi i roto i te ahuwhenua ko te methane me te hauota waikura. Ka tukuna te methane i te wā o te tukanga nakunaku o ngā kararehe, inā koa ngā kararehe ruminant pērā i te kau me te hipi, tae atu ki te pirau o ngā para waro i roto i ngā āhuatanga anaerobic. Ko te hauota waikura, i tētahi atu taha, ka tukuna te nuinga mai i te whakamahinga o ngā maniua hauota me te whakahaere paru. I a mātou e tohe ana ki te aro atu ki te wero o te huringa āhuarangi, he mea nui kia tūhuratia ngā mahi ahuwhenua pumau me ngā hangarau auaha ka taea te āwhina i te whakaiti i ngā tukunga hau, me te whakarite i te haumarutanga kai mō te taupori o te ao e tipu haere ana.

Ka puta te hau methane i te nakunaku kararehe

Kua noho hei āwangawanga nui ngā tukunga hau methane mai i te nakunaku kararehe i roto i te horopaki o te mahana o te ao. Ko te methane, he hau kati kōtuhi kaha, ka tukuna i roto i te tukanga nakunaku o ngā kararehe ruminant pērā i te kau me te hipi. He puku motuhake ā ēnei kararehe e āwhina ana i te pakaru o ngā rauemi tipu muka, ka hua ake te whakaputanga methane hei hua taha. Ko te methane i puta mai i te nakunaku kararehe ka whai wāhi ki te pikinga whānui o ngā kukū hau kati kōtuhi i roto i te hau, ka mau te wera me te whakanui ake i te āhuatanga o te mahana o te ao. Nō reira, he mea nui kia arohia tēnei take mā te whakatinanatanga o ngā tikanga ahuwhenua tauwhiro, pērā i te whakapai ake i ngā kai kararehe, ngā pūnaha whakahaere para whai hua, me te whakamahi i ngā hangarau ka taea te āwhina ki te whakaiti i ngā tukunga methane mai i ngā kararehe. Mā te whakaiti i ngā tukunga methane mai i te nakunaku kararehe, ka taea e tātou te mahi i ngā mahi nui ki te whakaiti i te pānga o te ahuwhenua ki te mahana o te ao me te waihanga i tētahi heke mai tauwhiro ake.

Ko ngā kararehe ruminant ngā tino kaiuru

He mahi nui tā ngā kararehe ngūngū, tae atu ki ngā kau me ngā hipi, hei tino take mō ngā tukunga methane, ā, ka nui ake te take o te mahana o te ao. Nā ō rātou pūnaha nakunaku motuhake, ka puta he nui o te methane i roto i te wā e pakaru ana ngā tipu muka. Ko tēnei methane, he hau kati kōtuhi kaha, ka mau te wera i roto i te āhuarangi, ā, ka whai wāhi ki te pikinga whānui o ngā kukū hau kati kōtuhi. He mea nui kia aro atu tātou ki tēnei take mā te whakatinana i ngā tikanga ahuwhenua tauwhiro me te whakamahi i ngā hangarau ka taea te whakaiti i ngā tukunga methane mai i ngā kararehe ngūngū. Mā te mahi i ngā mahi matatika hei whakaiti i te pānga o ēnei tukunga, ka taea e tātou te ahu whakamua nui ki te whawhai ki te mahana o te ao.

Ka puta hoki te methane i te whakahaere paru kararehe

Haunga ngā tukunga methane e puta mai ana i ngā kararehe ruminant, he mea nui kia mōhio ki te tūranga o te whakahaere paru kararehe ki te whai wāhi ki ngā tukunga methane me tōna pānga ki te mahana o te ao. Kei roto i te paru kararehe ngā mea rauropi e pirau ana i roto i te āhuarangi, ka tukuna te hau methane ki te āhuarangi. Ka puta tēnei tukanga i roto i ngā pūnaha whakahaere paru kararehe maha pērā i ngā whare rokiroki, ngā roto, me te wā e whakamahia ana te whenua. Ko te tukunga o te methane i roto i ngā mahi whakahaere paru kararehe ka whakanui ake i ngā wero taiao e pā ana ki te whakaputa kararehe.

E 28 ngā wā te pānga o te methane ki te CO2

E mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te methane, he hau kati kōtuhi e puta mai ana i ngā mahi a te tangata, he nui ake te pānga ki te mahana o te ao i te hauhā waro. Inaa, e 28 ngā wā ka nui ake te kaha o te methane ki te whakamahana i te CO2 i roto i te 100 tau. Nā te kaha ake o te methane ki te hopu i te wera i roto i te āhuarangi tēnei. Ahakoa ka roa ake te noho o te CO2 ki roto i te āhuarangi, ko te kaha o te methane he mea nui ki te huringa āhuarangi. Mā te mārama ki te pānga koretake o ngā tukunga methane ka kaha ake te aro atu ki ōna pūtake, tae atu ki ngā mea e pā ana ki te whakaputa kararehe me te whakahaere paru kararehe, kia pai ai te whakaiti i te mahana o te ao me ōna pānga kino ki tō tātou ao.

Hei whakamutunga, kāore e taea te wareware i te tūranga o ngā kararehe i roto i ngā tukunga methane me te mahana o te ao. Ahakoa he maha ngā āhuatanga e whai wāhi ana ki te huringa āhuarangi, he mea nui kia mōhio me te aro atu ki te pānga o ngā kararehe ki ngā tukunga methane. Mā te whakatinana i ngā tikanga ahuwhenua tauwhiro me te kawenga, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā tukunga methane me te whakaiti i ngā pānga o te mahana o te ao. Ko tā tātou kawenga he mahi me te hanga i ngā huringa ki te umanga ahuwhenua kia pai ake ai te noho o te ao i te heke mai.

Uiui Auau

He aha te whai wāhi a ngā kararehe ki ngā tukunga methane me te mahana o te ao?

Ko ngā kararehe, inā koa ngā kau me ngā hipi, ka whai wāhi ki ngā tukunga methane me te mahana o te ao mā te tukanga e kiia nei ko te whakapūtanga o te puku. Ina nakunaku ēnei kararehe i ā rātou kai, ka puta he methane hei hua taha, ka tukuna mā te ruaki me te pupuhi. He hau kati kōtuhi kaha te methane, he nui ake te kaha ki te whakamahana i te hauhā waro. Nā te whakatipu kararehe nui, inā koa i roto i ngā pūnaha ahuwhenua kaha, kua piki ake ngā tukunga methane. Hei tāpiri, nā te whānui o te ahuwhenua kararehe kua hua ake te whakangaromanga o ngā ngahere mō ngā whenua tarutaru me ngā kai whāngai kararehe, ka whai wāhi atu ki te mahana o te ao mā te whakaiti i te kaha o te Ao ki te mimiti i te hauhā waro.

He aha ngā pūtake matua o ngā tukunga methane mai i ngā kararehe?

Ko ngā pūtake matua o ngā tukunga methane mai i ngā kararehe kararehe ko te whakapūtanga o te puku, arā, ko te tukanga nakunaku i roto i ngā kararehe ruminant pērā i ngā kau me ngā hipi e whakaputa ana i te methane hei hua taha, me te whakahaere paru kararehe, te wāhi e tukuna ai te methane mai i ngā paru kararehe kua rongoatia. He nui te takoha a ēnei pūtake e rua ki ngā tukunga methane katoa mai i te rāngai kararehe.

He aha ngā rerekētanga o te whakaputanga methane i waenga i ngā momo kararehe rerekē?

He rerekē te hanga methane o ngā momo kararehe rerekē nā te rerekētanga o ā rātou pūnaha nakunaku me te pai o te hurihanga kai. He nui ake te methane e whakaputaina ana e ngā kararehe ruminant, pērā i te kau me te hipi, i ērā o ngā kararehe monogastric pērā i te poaka me te heihei. He puku motuhake tō ngā ruminant e kiia nei ko te rumen, te wāhi e puta ai te whakapūkara moroiti o te kai, ka hua ake te methane hei hua taha. Nā te mea ka whakawhirinaki ngā ruminant ki te nakunaku moroiti anaerobic, e nui ake ai te methane e whakaputaina ana i ērā o te nakunaku aerobic i roto i ngā kararehe monogastric. Hei tāpiri, ko te hanganga me te kounga o te kai, me ngā mahi whakahaere, ka pā ki te hanga methane i roto i ngā momo kararehe rerekē.

He aha ngā otinga, ngā rautaki rānei ka taea hei whakaiti i ngā tukunga methane mai i ngā kararehe?

Ko ētahi o ngā otinga pea hei whakaiti i ngā tukunga methane mai i ngā kararehe kararehe ko te whakatinana i ngā huringa kai mā te whakamahi i ngā tāpiringa kai, pērā i ngā aukati methane, ngā tāpiringa rimu rānei, ka taea te āwhina i te whakaiti i te hanga methane i roto i te pūnaha nakunaku o te kararehe. Ko ētahi atu rautaki ko te whakapai ake i ngā mahi whakahaere kararehe, pērā i te arotau i te kounga me te rahinga o te kai, te whakatinana i ngā tikanga whakahaere paru pai ake, me te whakatairanga i ngā pūnaha whāngai hurihanga. Hei tāpiri, ko te haumi ki te rangahau me te whanaketanga hangarau hei tautuhi me te whakatinana i ngā otinga auaha, pērā i ngā pūnaha hopu me te whakamahi methane, ka taea hoki te āwhina i te whakaiti i ngā tukunga methane mai i ngā kararehe kararehe.

He pēhea te hiranga o te tūranga o ngā kararehe ki ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi whānui, me tōna pānga ki te mahana o te ao?

He mea nui te tūranga o ngā kararehe i roto i ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi whānui, ā, he pānga nui ki te mahana o te ao. Ko ngā kararehe, inā koa ngā kau, ka whakaputa i te methane, he hau kati kōtuhi kaha, mā te whakapūkara puku me te whakahaere paru. He nui ake te kaha o te methane ki te whakamahana i te hauhā waro, ā, he mea nui te kararehe ki ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi o te ao. Hei tāpiri, ka whai wāhi te mahi pāmu kararehe ki te whakangaromanga o te ngahere mō te whāngai kararehe me te whakaputa kai, ka nui ake te kino o te huringa āhuarangi. Nō reira, he mea nui te whakaiti i ngā tukunga o te rāngai kararehe me te neke ki ngā pūnaha kai pumau ake me ngā pūnaha kai tipu hei whakaiti i te mahana o te ao.