Veganism Across Cultures: Te Tirotiro i nga Tikanga A-Tahu-Tahu huri noa i te Ao

Ko te veganism, he momo noho e kore e kai i ngā hua kararehe, kei te piki haere te mōhio me te whakaaetia puta noa i te ao. Ahakoa te āhua o te veganism he āhuatanga hou, kua whakamahia e ngā ahurea maha mō ngā rautau. Mai i ngā mōneka Buddhist i Āhia ki ngā iwi taketake o Amerika, kua noho ngā kai tipu hei wāhanga o ā rātou tikanga me ā rātou whakapono. I te tipu haere tonu o te nekehanga ki te oranga tauwhiro me te kai matatika, kua tīmata hoki te hiahia ki te veganism me ōna pakiaka ahurea. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tirohia e tātou te awhi me te whakanui i te veganism i roto i ngā ahurea rerekē o te ao. Mai i ngā rihi tuku iho ki ngā mahi ahurea, ka tūhuratia e tātou ngā āhuatanga kanorau me te whakamīharo o ngā tikanga tipu me te tuku iho i roto i ngā whakatipuranga. Mā te ruku hohonu ki roto i te hītori me ngā tikanga whai rawa o te veganism, ka taea e tātou te mārama hohonu ake ki tōna hiranga me te hiranga i roto i ngā ahurea maha. Nō reira, kia tīmata tātou i tētahi haerenga tūhura me te whakanui i te kanorau o te veganism puta noa i ngā ahurea.

He hītori whai kiko o ngā kai tipu

I roto i te hītori o te tangata, he wāhanga nui, he wāhanga nui hoki ngā kai tipu i roto i ngā ahurea maha o te ao. Mai i ngā iwi tawhito ki ngā hapori hou, kua awhi te tangata i te kai tipu mō ngā take maha. Ka whakanuia e tēnei tuhinga te kanorau o te veganism puta noa i te ao, me te whakaatu i te roanga o te awhi a ngā ahurea maha i ngā kai tipu mō ngā take matatika, taiao, hauora rānei. Kua hohonu te pūtake o ngā kai tipu ki ngā tikanga me ngā pūnaha whakapono, e hono ana ki ngā mahi whakapono me ngā ariā wairua. Hei tauira, e whakatairanga ana te Buddhism i te kai huawhenua hei huarahi ki te mahi i te aroha me te kore tutu ki ngā mea ora katoa. Waihoki, i roto i te Hinduism, ko te ariā o te ahimsa e whakanui ana i te karo i te kino ki tetahi mea ora, e arahi ana ki te kai huawhenua tuku iho. I ngā rohe pēnei i te Mediterranean, i reira kua horapa ngā kai tipu mō ngā rautau, ko te kai i ngā pīni, ngā witi katoa, ngā hua, me ngā huawhenua kua honoa ki te whakapai ake i te hauora o te ngakau me te roa o te ora. Heoi anō, kua roa ngā ahurea taketake puta noa i te ao e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kai tipu hei huarahi oranga pumau me te rangimarie, e mōhio ana ki te hononga o te taiao me te oranga o te tangata. E whakaatu ana tēnei hītori whai rawa o ngā kai tipu i te mātauranga pumau o ō tātou tūpuna, ā, e tuku ana hoki i ngā māramatanga whai hua mō ngā painga me te hiranga ahurea o te kai huawhenua.

Ngā tikanga tawhito o te kai aroha

Kua roa ngā hapori tuku iho o te ao e mōhio ana ki te hiranga o te kai atawhai, me ngā tikanga tawhito e whakanui ana i te manaakitanga matatika ki ngā kararehe me te whakatairanga i te oranga mō te tangata me te taiao. I Kariki onamata, i tautoko te tohunga whakaaro a Pythagoras i te momo noho kaiwhenua, me te whakapono ki te hononga o ngā mea ora katoa. I Īnia onamata, i mahi ngā Jain i te kaiwhenua tino kaha hei huarahi ki te whakaiti i te kino me te whakatipu i te aroha. Ko ngā ahurea taketake, pērā i ngā iwi taketake o Amerika, i tango i ngā kai tipu, me te whakauru i te nui o ngā kai tipu pērā i te kānga, te pīni, me te paukena ki ā rātou kai. Ko ēnei tikanga tawhito o te kai atawhai he whakamahara i tō tātou kawenga tahi ki te noho tahi me te taiao me te whakatairanga i te oranga o ngā mea ora katoa. Mā te tūhura me te whakahonore i ēnei tikanga, ka taea e tātou te whiwhi māramatanga nui ki ngā mahi kanorau me ngā mahi tawhito kua hanga i te veganism puta noa i ngā ahurea.

Ngā awe ahurea ki te kai huawhenua

Mā tēnei tuhinga e whakanui te kanorau o te veganism puta noa i te ao, e whakaatu ana i te roanga o te whakamahi a ngā ahurea i ngā kai tipu mō ngā take matatika, taiao, hauora rānei. Mai i ngā kari kakara o Īnia ki ngā hupa momona o Etiopia, ko ngā awe ahurea te hanga i ngā reka me ngā kai e tautuhi ana i te kai vegan huri noa i te ao. I Āhia, ko te tofu me te tempeh he mea nui i roto i ngā rihi, e whakarato ana i te puna nui o te pūmua tipu. I te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, ko ngā huawhenua hou, ngā pīni, me te hinu oriwa ka hanga i ngā kai hihiri me te whai kiko. I taua wā, i Amerika Latina, ko ngā rihi momona pērā i te hupa pīni pango me ngā kai i runga i te pāni e whakaatu ana i te nui o te ahuwhenua o te rohe. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā mahi ahurea pērā i te whakapūkara me ngā tikanga tiaki ka whai wāhi ki ngā reka me ngā kakano ahurei e kitea ana i roto i ngā rihi vegan. Mā te whakahonore me te tūhura i ēnei awe ahurea, ka taea e tātou te whakawhānui ake i ō tātou tirohanga tunu kai me te maioha ki te momonatanga me te hohonutanga o te veganism puta noa i ngā ahurea.

He āhuatanga ā-ao te veganism

Kua puta te kai huawhenua hei āhuatanga ā-ao, e whiti ana i ngā rohe ahurea, ā, e piki haere ana te kaha o te kai huawhenua i ngā rohe rerekē o te ao. Nā tēnei momo kai, i ahu mai i ngā hihiri matatika, taiao, me te hauora, kua huri ki ngā tikanga me ngā mahi tipu. Mai i ngā kaupapa iti, ā-iwi ki ngā kaupapa nui, kei te awhi ngā tāngata o ngā momo āhua katoa i te kai huawhenua hei huarahi ki te aro atu ki ngā āwangawanga pēnei i te oranga kararehe, te huringa āhuarangi, me te oranga whaiaro. Nō reira, kei te piki haere te wātea o ngā kōwhiringa kai huawhenua i ngā wharekai, i ngā hūpāmakete, tae atu ki ngā huihuinga ahurea tuku iho. Ko tēnei whakaae me te whakaurunga o te kai huawhenua ki roto i ngā ahurea rerekē he tohu ki te mōhiotanga whānui he pānga nui tā tātou whiringa kai ki te ao me tō tātou ake oranga. Mā te awhi i te kai huawhenua i te ao whānui, ka taea e tātou te whakatairanga i tētahi heke mai pumau me te aroha mō te katoa.

Ngā take matatika mō ngā kai kore mīti

Haunga ngā kaupapa whānui mō te veganism, he mea nui te whakaaro matatika ki te whakatairanga i ngā kai kore mīti. Mā te whiriwhiri i ngā kai tipu, ka whakatauritea e te tangata ā rātou whiringa kai ki ō rātou uara matatika, me te whakaae ki te uara matatika o ngā kararehe me te hiranga o te atawhai i a rātou me te aroha. Ko te tautohe matatika mō te kai mīti e aro ana ki te nanakia me te tukino i roto i te pūnaha ahuwhenua ahumahi. He maha ngā wā ka tukuna ngā kararehe e ngā mahi ahuwhenua wheketere ki ngā āhuatanga kuiti, te tukino tinana, me ngā tikanga patu kino. Ka whakanuia e tēnei tuhinga te kanorau o te veganism puta noa i te ao, me te whakaatu i te roanga o te awhi a ngā ahurea rerekē i ngā kai tipu mō ngā take matatika, taiao, hauora rānei. Mā te whiriwhiri i ngā kai kore mīti, ka whai wāhi te tangata ki te whakaiti i te mamae o ngā kararehe me te whakatairanga i tētahi huarahi aroha me te matatika ki te kai kai.

Te pānga ki te taiao

He pānga nui anō hoki te tango i ngā kai tipu ki te taiao. Ko te whakaputanga o ngā kai kararehe, inā koa te mīti me te miraka, ka whai wāhi ki ngā take taiao maha, tae atu ki te whakangaromanga o te ngahere, ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi, me te parahanga wai. He nui te whenua e hiahiatia ana mō te ahuwhenua kararehe hei whāngai kararehe me te whakatipu kai kararehe, ka arahi ki te whakangaromanga o ngā ngahere me ngā nohonga tūturu. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā tukunga methane mai i ngā kararehe, inā koa te kau, ka whai wāhi ki te huringa āhuarangi, nā te mea he hau kati kōtuhi kaha te methane. Hei tāpiri, ko te whakamahinga nui o te wai me te parahanga i puta mai i ngā paru kararehe i roto i ngā mahi ahuwhenua wheketere ka whakararu i ngā rauemi wai o te rohe me te parahanga i ngā wai tata . Mā te awhi i te veganism me te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā hua kararehe, ka taea e ngā tāngata takitahi te whai wāhi kaha ki te whakaiti i ēnei wero taiao me te whakatairanga i tētahi heke mai pumau ake mō tō tātou ao.

Ngā painga hauora o ngā kai tipu

He maha ngā painga hauora o ngā kai tipu, ā, he mea rongonui ēnei kai i waenga i te hunga e hiahia ana ki te whakapai ake i tō rātou oranga whānui. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau he iti ake te ngako kukū me te cholesterol o ngā kai tipu i ngā kai e whai hua ana i ngā hua kararehe. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā mate pūnaha toto, pērā i te mate ngakau me te toto toto tiketike. Hei tāpiri, he nui ngā muka, ngā antioxidants, me ngā matūkai nui o ngā kai tipu, e whakatairanga ana i te hauora pai o te nakunaku me te whakapakari i te pūnaha ārai mate. Kua whakaarohia hoki e ngā rangahau ka whai wāhi ngā kai tipu ki te whakaheke taumaha me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te momona, nā te mea he iti ake te nui o ngā kaata. Hei tāpiri, ko te nui o ngā hua, ngā huawhenua, ngā witi katoa, me ngā pīni i roto i ngā kai tipu ka whakarato i te whānuitanga o ngā huaora, ngā kohuke, me ngā matū koiora e whai wāhi nui ana ki te tautoko i te hauora whānui me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā mate mau tonu. Mā te whakauru atu i ngā kai tipu ki roto i te kai ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā putanga hauora me te oranga nui ake.

Ngā rihi huawhenua tuku iho o te ao

Mā tēnei tuhinga e whakanui te kanorau o te veganism puta noa i te ao, e whakaatu ana i te roanga o te whakamahi a ngā ahurea i ngā kai tipu mō ngā take matatika, taiao, hauora rānei. Mai i Āhia ki Āwherika, mai i Ūropi ki Amerika, kua tukuna iho ngā rihi vegan tuku iho i roto i ngā whakatipuranga, e whakaatu ana i ngā tikanga tunu kai whai rawa o ngā hapori rerekē. Hei tauira, i Īnia, he whenua e mōhiotia ana mō tōna ahurea kaiwhenua hihiri, ko ngā rihi vegan pērā i te masoor dal (kari pīni whero), te baingan bharta (kari aubergine tunua), me te chana masala (kari pīni pīni kakara) he mea nui i roto i ngā whare me ngā wharekai. I te rohe Mediterranean, ko ngā rihi pērā i te tabbouleh (he huamata pāhiri me te bulgur), te falafel (pōro pīni pīni parai), me te dolmas (rau karepe kī) e whakaata ana i te whakamahinga o ngā kai hou me te reka. He maha ngā whiringa vegan a ngā kai o Āhia ki te Rawhiti, tae atu ki ngā parai tofu, ngā rōra sushi kī tonu i ngā huawhenua, me te kimchi werawera i hangaia mai i te kāpeti whakapūkara. E whakaatu ana ēnei tauira i te whānuitanga o ngā rihi vegan reka me te whai kiko kua tu tonu i te whakamātautau o te wā, e whakaatu ana i te maha o ngā momo kai tipu puta noa i ngā ahurea rerekē.

Te hiranga ahurea o te kaiwhenua

He nui te hiranga ahurea o te veganism, e whiti ana i ngā rohe, e hono ana i ngā hapori kanorau o te ao. Ko te tango i te momo noho tipu e ahu mai ana i ngā whakapono matatika, te māramatanga taiao, me te aro nui ki te hauora whaiaro. Mā te awhi i te veganism, ka hono ngā tāngata i a rātou anō ki ngā mahi ahurea e rumakina ana ki te aroha, te pumau taiao, me te whai i te oranga pai. Heoi anō, mā te veganism ka taea e ngā ahurea te tiaki me te whakanui i ā rātou tikanga tunu kai ahurei, e whakaatu ana i te whānuitanga o ngā rihi tipu reka me te auaha. Mai i ngā kari reka o Īnia ki ngā pereti mezze hihiri o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, ko te hiranga ahurea o te veganism ka horapa atu i tua atu i ngā whiringa whaiaro, e poipoi ana i te maioha hohonu atu ki te hononga o te tangata me te ao e karapoti nei i a tātou.

Te whakanui i te kanorau mā te whiriwhiri kai

Mā tēnei tuhinga e whakanui te kanorau o te veganism puta noa i te ao, e whakaatu ana i te roanga o te whakamahi a ngā ahurea i ngā kai tipu mō ngā take matatika, taiao, hauora rānei. Ko ngā kōwhiringa kai he whakaata tonu i te tuakiri ahurea me te taonga tuku iho, ā, mā te whakamahi i te veganism ka whai wāhi ki te tūhura i te whānuitanga o ngā tikanga tuku iho me ngā reka mai i te ao katoa. Mai i ngā kai kakara me ngā kai kakara o Āhia ki te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti ki ngā rihi reka me te whakamarie o Amerika ki te Tonga, ka kawea mai e ia rohe tōna ake momo ahurei ki te tunu kai vegan. Mā te awhi i te maha o ngā kōwhiringa tipu e wātea ana, kāore e taea e te tangata te whāngai i ō rātou tinana engari ka whakanui hoki i te whānuitanga oraora me te kanorau o te taonga tuku iho ahurea e wātea ana mā roto i ngā kōwhiringa kai. Ahakoa he reka ki ngā reka kawa o te injera tuku iho o Etiopia me ngā rēneti, he kai rānei i ngā kakano ngawari o te rōra sushi huawhenua Hapanihi, mā te awhi i ngā kōwhiringa kai kanorau ka whakatairanga i te māramatanga me te maioha ki te ahurea e wātea ana puta noa i te ao. Mā te tūhura i ngā tikanga tipu, ka taea e tātou te whakanui pono i te ataahua o te kanorau me te iriti i te kaha mō tētahi heke mai whānui ake me te pumau.

E ai ki tā tātou i kite ai, ehara te kai huawhenua i te mea he momo kai noa iho, engari he momo noho kua whakamahia e ngā ahurea rerekē o te ao mō ngā rautau. Mai i ngā tikanga tipu o Īnia ki ngā kai huawhenua o Hapani, e mārama ana ko te kai huawhenua ehara i te mea he mea pumau me te whai kiko anake, engari he mea whai pūtake hoki ki te hītori me te ahurea. I a tātou e haere tonu ana ki te tūhura me te maioha ki ngā tikanga kai rerekē, me whakaaro hoki tātou ki te pānga o ā tātou whiringa kai ki te taiao me te oranga o ngā kararehe. Ahakoa he kai huawhenua koe mō te wā katoa, he mea tīmata noa rānei tō haerenga, me whakanui tātou me te awhi i te kanorau o te kai huawhenua puta noa i ngā ahurea.