Amafi Yumva Ububabare? Kumenyekanisha Ubugome Bwukuri bwubworozi bwo mu mazi n’ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja

Amateka, amafi yafatwaga nkibiremwa byambere bidafite ubushobozi bwo kubabara cyangwa kubabara. Nyamara, iterambere mu myumvire ya siyanse ryamaganye iyi myumvire, ryerekana ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana amafi no kumva ububabare. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ingaruka zishingiye ku mibereho myiza y’amafi mu bworozi bw’amafi n’ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja zaje gukurikiranwa, bituma havugururwa imikorere y’inganda no guhitamo abaguzi. Iyi nyandiko yibanze ku mikoranire igoye hagati y’imibereho y’amafi, ubworozi bw’amafi, n’ibiryo byo mu nyanja, itanga urumuri rwihishwa rwihishe inyuma y’amafi asa nkaho ari umwere ku masahani yacu.

Ukuri Kubona Amafi Kubabara

Ubusanzwe, imyizerere ivuga ko amafi adafite ubushobozi bwo kugira ububabare yaturutse ku myumvire yabo ya anatomique na cognitive ugereranije n’inyamabere. Ubwonko bw'amafi bubura neocortex, akarere kajyanye no gutunganya ububabare bukabije kubantu ndetse n’inyamabere z’inyamabere, bigatuma benshi bibwira ko badashobora kubabara. Nyamara, iyi myumvire yamaganwe nubushakashatsi bugenda bwiyongera bugaragaza ubumenyi bwa neurobiology y’amafi nubushobozi bwabo bwo kumva ububabare.

Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko amafi afite sisitemu nini zidasanzwe zifite ibikoresho bya nociceptors kabuhariwe, ibyumviro byumva ibintu bitera imbaraga kandi bigatanga ibimenyetso mu bwonko. Izi nociceptors zisa nkiziboneka mu nyamaswa z’inyamabere, byerekana ko amafi ashobora kugira ububabare muburyo busa n’intangangabo ndende. Byongeye kandi, tekinike ya neuroimaging yatanze ubushishozi muburyo bwimitsi itunganya ububabare bwamafi, byerekana uburyo bwo gukora mubice byubwonko bujyanye nociception hamwe nibisubizo byanga.

Ubushakashatsi bwimyitwarire burashimangira igitekerezo cyo kumva uburibwe bwamafi. Iyo ihuye n’ingaruka zishobora kwangiza nko guhitanwa n’amashanyarazi cyangwa imiti yangiza, amafi agaragaza imyitwarire itandukanye yo kwirinda, byerekana ko yanga iterabwoba. Byongeye kandi, amafi akoreshwa muburyo bubabaza yerekana ibisubizo byimyitwarire ya physiologique, harimo urugero rwa cortisol hejuru hamwe nimpinduka zumutima hamwe nubuhumekero, bikagaragaza ibisubizo byamagambo bigaragara mubinyamabere bifite ububabare.

Ubushakashatsi bwa Anesthesia na analgesia bwatanze ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ububabare bwamafi. Gucunga ibintu bigabanya ububabare nka lidocaine cyangwa morphine byongera ibisubizo byumubiri nimyitwarire yimyitwarire mibi, byerekana ko amafi agira uburuhukiro busa ningaruka zidakira kubantu ndetse nandi matungo. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha anesthetike mugihe cyibitero byibasiwe, nko gukata fin cyangwa gufata ingamba zo kubaga, byagaragaye ko bigabanya imihangayiko no kuzamura imibereho myiza y’amafi, byerekana akamaro ko gucunga ububabare mu kugabanya ububabare.

Muri rusange, uburemere bwibimenyetso bya siyansi bishyigikira umwanzuro w'uko amafi ari ibiremwa bifite ubushobozi bwo kubabara no kubabara. Mugihe imyubakire yabo ishobora gutandukana niy’inyamabere, amafi afite uburyo bwingenzi bwimikorere nimyitwarire ikenewe muburyo bwo kumva ububabare. Kwemera ububabare bw'amafi burwanya ibibazo bimaze igihe bivugwa ku mibereho yabo kandi bishimangira imyitwarire myiza yo gutekereza ku mibereho yabo mu bworozi bw'amafi n'ibikorwa byo mu nyanja. Kutamenya no gukemura ibibazo byububabare bwamafi ntibikomeza gusa imibabaro idakenewe gusa ahubwo binagaragaza gusuzugura agaciro k’ibiremwa bidasanzwe.

Ingaruka zimyitwarire yubworozi

Kimwe mu bibazo byibanze byimyitwarire mu bworozi bw’amafi bishingiye ku kuvura amafi yororerwa. Uburyo bwo guhinga cyane bukubiyemo kwifungisha cyane mu makaramu, mu bigega, cyangwa mu kato, bigatuma abantu barengerwa kandi bikabije bikabije mu baturage b’amafi. Ubwinshi bw’ibigega ntibibangamira ubwiza bw’amazi gusa kandi byongera indwara zanduza ariko binagabanya imyitwarire y’amafi n’imikoranire myiza, bikabangamira imibereho yabo muri rusange.

Byongeye kandi, uburyo busanzwe bwo korora mu bworozi bw'amafi, nko gutanga amanota, gukingirwa, no gutwara abantu, birashobora gutera amafi guhangayika no kutamererwa neza. Gukemura ibibazo, harimo inshundura, gutondeka, no guhererekanya hagati yikigo, bishobora gutera ibikomere byumubiri nububabare bwo mumutwe, bikabangamira imibereho y amafi yororerwa. Gutanga umwanya uhagije, aho kuba, no gutunganya ibidukikije bikarushaho gukaza umurego ibibazo amafi ahura nabyo mu bunyage, bikangiza ubuzima bwabo.

Ibikorwa byo mu mazi nabyo bihuza nibitekerezo byagutse bijyanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije no kugabura umutungo. Ibikorwa byubworozi bwamafi akenshi bishingiye kubigega byamafi yo mwishyamba kugirango bigaburwe, bigira uruhare mukuroba cyane no kwangiza ibidukikije. Byongeye kandi, gusohora intungamubiri zirenze urugero, antibiotike, n’imyanda iva mu bigo by’amafi birashobora kwanduza amazi y’amazi akikije ibidukikije, bikangiza ibidukikije ndetse n’ubuzima rusange.

Imibabaro mu musaruro winyanja

Kubera ko amafi akomeje kwiyongera, amazi yo mu nganda yabaye isoko yiganjemo ibiribwa byo mu nyanja, bigatuma amamiriyoni y’amafi abaho mu mfungwa n’imibabaro.

Mu mazi yo mu gihugu imbere ndetse no mu nyanja, usanga amafi aba yuzuyemo ahantu huzuye ibintu byinshi, aho bidashobora kwerekana imyitwarire karemano cyangwa kubona umwanya uhagije. Ikwirakwizwa ry’ibicuruzwa byangiza imyanda, nka ammonia na nitrate, muri ibi bibanza bifunze bishobora gutera amazi meza, bikongera ibibazo n’indwara mu baturage b’amafi. Indwara ziterwa na parasitike n'indwara ziterwa na bagiteri zirushijeho kwiyongera ku mibabaro y’amafi yororerwa, kuko baharanira kubaho mu bidukikije byuzuyemo virusi na parasite.

Kutagenzura amabwiriza agenga imibereho y’amafi mu bihugu byinshi, harimo na Amerika, bituma amafi ashobora kwibasirwa n’ubumuntu mu gihe cyo kubaga. Hatabayeho gukingirwa n’amategeko ku nyamaswa zo ku butaka hakurikijwe itegeko ry’ubwicanyi bw’ikiremwamuntu, amafi akoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye bwo kubaga butandukanye mu bugome no mu mikorere. Imikorere isanzwe nko kuvana amafi mumazi no kubemerera guhumeka buhoro cyangwa guhuza ubwoko bunini nka tuna n amafi yinkota kugeza gupfa byuzuyemo imibabaro namakuba.

Kwerekana amafi arwanira guhunga uko ibibyimba byayo bisenyuka, bikababuza guhumeka, byerekana ubugome bukabije bugaragara mubikorwa byo kubaga ubu. Byongeye kandi, kudakora neza nubugome bwuburyo nko guhuza ibitsindo bishimangira kutita ku mibereho y’amafi yiganje mu nganda zo mu nyanja.

Niki Nshobora Gufasha?

Urashobora gufasha kumenyekanisha ububabare bwamafi mubikorwa byuburobyi witabira ibirori, gukwirakwiza udupapuro, gukora ubushakashatsi, no gusangira amakuru kumurongo. Mugukwirakwiza amakuru ajyanye nukuri gukabije kw’amafi n’uburobyi, urashobora gushishikariza abandi kwiga byinshi no gufata ingamba zo guteza imbere imyitwarire y’amafi.

Byongeye kandi, guteza imbere ubundi buryo bwo kugaburira ibiryo, nka poroteyine zishingiye ku bimera cyangwa ibikomoka ku dukoko, birashobora kugabanya kwishingikiriza ku mafi yo mu gasozi mu biryo by’amafi y’amafi, kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije no kongera umutekano w’ibiribwa.

Ubwanyuma, gukemura ingaruka zishingiye ku myitwarire y’ubuhinzi bw’amafi bisaba imbaraga zihuriweho n’abafatanyabikorwa hirya no hino mu gutanga amasoko y’amafi, harimo ababikora, abafata ibyemezo, abahanga, n’abaguzi. Mu gushyira imbere imibereho y’amafi, kubungabunga ibidukikije, no kwita ku myitwarire myiza, inganda z’amafi zirashobora kwifuza gutsimbataza umubano w’impuhwe n’inshingano z’ubuzima bwo mu mazi, ukarinda ubuzima bwiza bw’amafi n’ubusugire bw’inyanja yacu mu bihe bizaza.