Ubwikorezi bwinyamanswa nzima: Ubugome bwihishe inyuma yurugendo

Gutwara inyamaswa nzima ni inzira ibabaje amamiriyoni yinyamanswa yihanganira buri mwaka. Izi nyamaswa zuzuye mu gikamyo, mu mato, cyangwa mu ndege, zihura n'ingendo ndende mu bihe bibi nta biryo bihagije, amazi, cyangwa ikiruhuko. Imyitozo itera impungenge zikomeye, imibereho myiza, n’ibidukikije, nyamara iracyari igice kinini cy’ubucuruzi bw’amatungo ku isi.

Nigute Utwara Amatungo Yubuhinzi?

Buri munsi, ibihumbi n’ibikoko by’ubuhinzi muri Amerika ndetse no ku isi yose bikorerwa ubwikorezi mu rwego rw’inganda z’ubworozi. Amatungo yo mu murima yimurwa kubwimpamvu zitandukanye, zirimo kubaga, korora, cyangwa kubyibuha, akenshi bihanganira ibihe bibi kandi bitesha umutwe. Uburyo bwo gutwara abantu burashobora gutandukana bitewe n'aho ujya n'ubwoko bw'inyamaswa zimurwa.

Uburyo bwo gutwara abantu

Muri Amerika, amakamyo hamwe na romoruki nuburyo busanzwe bwo gutwara amatungo yo mu murima. Izi modoka zagenewe gutwara icyarimwe inyamaswa icyarimwe, ariko zikunze kubura umwuka uhagije, umwanya, cyangwa kurwanya ikirere. Intera ndende, inyamaswa nazo zishobora gutwarwa na gari ya moshi, nubwo ibi byabaye imbonekarimwe kubera izamuka ryihuse kandi ryubukungu.

Ku bwikorezi mpuzamahanga, inyamaswa zoherezwa kenshi mu kirere cyangwa mu nyanja. Ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere bugenewe amatungo afite agaciro kanini, nk'inyamaswa zororoka, mu gihe ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja bukoreshwa mu kwimura inyamaswa nini cyane cyane hagati y'umugabane. Amato yagenewe iyi ntego, azwi ku izina rya “abatwara amatungo,” arashobora gufata inyamaswa ibihumbi, ariko ibintu biri mu bwato akenshi usanga biri kure y’abantu. Inyamaswa zigarukira ku makaramu yuzuye, kandi urugendo rushobora gufata ibyumweru, aho usanga bahura n'ubushyuhe bukabije, inyanja ikaze, hamwe n'imihangayiko myinshi.

Inka n'amahano yo gutwara

Inka zororerwa amata yazo cyangwa inyama zihanganira ingendo zikomeye iyo zitwarwa, akenshi zikababara cyane kumubiri no mumarangamutima. Bipakiye cyane mu gikamyo cyangwa muri romoruki zagenewe gukora neza aho kuba imibereho myiza, izo nyamaswa zihatirwa kwihanganira amasaha menshi, cyangwa iminsi - y'urugendo zidafite uburyo bukenewe nk'amazi, ibiryo, cyangwa ikiruhuko. Imiterere yubucucike ituma kugenda bisa nkibidashoboka, bigatera ibikomere nkuko inka zishyizwe hamwe, zigakandagirwa, cyangwa zigasunikwa hejuru. Ikibabaje ni uko inka zimwe zitarokoka urugendo, zishira umunaniro, umwuma, cyangwa ibikomere byakorewe mugihe cyo gutwara.

Ku nka nyinshi, inzozi mbi zitangira kera mbere yo gutwara. Bakuriye mu mirima y'uruganda, bahura nubuzima bwabo bwose, kwamburwa, no gufatwa nabi. Urugendo rwabo rwa nyuma mu ibagiro ni indunduro yiyi mibabaro. Ihahamuka ryo gutwara abantu ryongera umubabaro wabo, hamwe n’inyamaswa ziterwa n’ikirere gikaze, ubushyuhe bukabije, cyangwa ubukonje bukonje. Kubura umwuka mwiza mu gikamyo birashobora gutera guhumeka cyangwa guhangayika, mu gihe ibihe by'imvura mu gihe cy'itumba bishobora gutera ubukonje.

Igikorwa cyo gupakira no gupakurura inka ku modoka zitwara abantu ni ubugome. Nk’uko uwahoze ari umugenzuzi wa USDA abivuga, “akenshi usanga inyamaswa zidakorana zirakubitwa, zikubita udusimba mu maso no hejuru y'urukiramende, zavunitse amagufwa n'amaso y'ijisho.” Ibi bikorwa byubugizi bwa nabi byerekana kutita ku mibereho y’inyamaswa muri buri cyiciro cyo gutwara abantu. Inka nyinshi, zumva akaga kari imbere, zirwanya kwikorera amakamyo. Kugerageza guhunga cyangwa kwirinda urugendo bahura nurwego rutangaje rwo guhohoterwa, harimo no gukoresha amashanyarazi, inkoni zicyuma, cyangwa imbaraga zikomeye.

Ku nka nyinshi, urugendo rurangirira ku ibagiro, aho imibabaro yabo ikomereza. Guhangayika no gukomeretsa kwihanganira mugihe cyo gutwara abantu akenshi bituma basigara bafite intege nke cyangwa bakomeretse kuburyo badashobora kwihagararaho. Azwi nk'inyamaswa “zimanutse”, izi nka zikururwa cyangwa zigasunikwa mu ibagiro, akenshi zikiri ubwenge. Ubugome bahura nazo mu gihe cyo gutwara abantu ntiburenga ku mahame mbwirizamuco gusa ahubwo binatera impungenge zikomeye zatewe no kutubahiriza amabwiriza agenga imibereho y’inyamaswa.

Amatungo mato: Kwihanganira ububabare bwo gutwara abantu

Amatungo mato nk'ihene, intama, inkwavu, ingurube, nandi matungo yorozi yihanganira imibabaro myinshi mugihe cyo gutwara. Izi nyamaswa, zikunze kuba zuzuye muri romoruki zuzuye cyangwa amakamyo, zihura ningendo zitoroshye zibambura ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyo guhumurizwa cyangwa icyubahiro. Mu gihe isi yose ikenera inyama zikomeje kwiyongera, umubare w’inyamaswa zikorewe muri izo ngendo ziteye ubwoba uragenda wiyongera, bigatuma bahura n’ibihe bitihanganirwa mu nzira yo kubaga.

Ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere zirimo kwiyongera ku bugome bwo gutwara inyamaswa nzima. Ikirere gikunze kwiyongera cyane cyerekana inyamaswa ubushyuhe burenze kwihanganira, bikabangamira ubuzima bwabo no kubaho. Mu bushyuhe bwinshi, imbere yimodoka zitwara abantu zirashobora guhinduka imitego yurupfu, hamwe no guhumeka gake bikabije ibintu byari bimaze guteza akaga. Inyamaswa nyinshi zipfa kubera umunaniro ukabije, umwuma, cyangwa guhumeka, imibiri yabo ntishobora kwihanganira ibihe bibi. Izi mpfu zikunze guteza akaduruvayo n'ubwoba mu nyamaswa zikiriho, bikarushaho gukaza umurego.

Ku rundi ruhande, mu gihe cy'ubukonje, inyamaswa zihura n'ikibazo giteye ubwoba cyo gukonja cyangwa hypothermia. Ubushyuhe bwa sub-zeru butagira aho bukinga cyangwa kurindwa bihagije, inyamaswa zimwe zirahagarara kugeza gupfa mugihe cyo gutwara. Abandi barashobora gukonjeshwa kuruhande rwicyuma cyangwa hasi yikinyabiziga, bakongeraho urundi rwego rwo kubabazwa bidashoboka. Mu kintu kibabaje cyabaye mu 2016, ingurube zirenga 25 zarakonje zirapfa kugeza igihe bajyanwaga kubagwa, bikagaragaza ingaruka mbi zo kutita no kwitegura bidahagije mu gihe cy'ubukonje bukabije.

Ingurube, cyane cyane, zibabazwa cyane mugihe cyo gutwara abantu kubera intege nke zabo no kudashobora kugenzura ubushyuhe bwumubiri neza. Ubucucike bwinshi muri romoruki buganisha ku gukandagira, gukomeretsa, no guhumeka, kandi kuba bafite ubushyuhe bwinshi ku bushyuhe bibashyira mu kaga gakomeye mu gihe cy'izuba. Intama, inkwavu, n'ihene bihura n'ibihe bisa, akenshi bikorerwa ingendo ndende nta kiruhuko cyo kuruhuka, ibiryo, cyangwa amazi.

Inkwavu, ntoya kandi yoroshye kurusha ayandi matungo menshi y’amatungo, irashobora kwibasirwa cyane n’imvune no guhangayika mugihe cyo gutwara. Bishyizwe mu kato gato kandi akenshi bishyirwa hejuru yundi, basigaye bihanganira umubare wumubiri nu mitekerereze y'urugendo. Iyi miterere yubumuntu akenshi itera impfu nyinshi mbere yuko inyamaswa zigera aho zerekeza.

Ku matungo mato yose, inzira yo gutwara abantu ni ikibazo gikomeye. Kuva kwipakirwa ku binyabiziga utitaye ku mibereho yabo kugeza amasaha arambye, cyangwa iminsi - y'urugendo mu isuku, abantu benshi, kandi bikabije, intambwe zose z'urugendo zirangwa n'imibabaro. Inyamaswa nyinshi zigera aho zerekeza zikomeretse, zinaniwe, cyangwa zapfuye, ntakindi zigeze zibaho uretse ubwoba no kutamererwa neza mubihe byanyuma.

Inkoko: Urugendo rutoroshye rwo kubabara

Inyoni zororerwa kubiryo zihanganira bimwe mubibazo byubwikorezi bubabaje mubikorwa byubuhinzi. Kimwe nandi matungo nkinka ningurube, inkoko nizindi nkoko zihura nubushyuhe bukabije, uburwayi, ubucucike bwinshi, hamwe nihungabana mugihe cyurugendo rwabo. Ikibabaje, benshi ntibarokoka ayo makuba, bagwa mu munaniro, umwuma, cyangwa ibikomere mu nzira.

Amamiriyoni y'inkoko hamwe na turukiya byegeranijwe mu bisanduku bigufi kandi bishyirwa mu gikamyo cyangwa romoruki igenewe imirima y'uruganda cyangwa ibagiro. Izi modoka zikunze kuba zuzuye, zihumeka nabi, kandi ntizifite ibyokurya, amazi, cyangwa ikiruhuko. Mu bushyuhe bwinshi, ahantu hafunzwe hashobora guhinduka vuba byica, bigatuma inyoni zishyuha kandi zigahumeka. Mu gihe cy'ubukonje bukabije, barashobora kugwa muri hypothermia, rimwe na rimwe bakonjesha ibyuma by'ibyuma byabo.

Umubare w'inyoni uratangaje. Kubera ko badafite ubushobozi bwo guhunga ubuzima bwabo cyangwa gushaka ihumure, bafite ubwoba bwinshi numubabaro murugendo rwose. Gukomeretsa gukandagira no guhonyora birasanzwe, kandi kutitaho neza bikabije imibabaro yabo. Mugihe bageze iyo berekeza, benshi barapfuye cyangwa bafite intege nke kuburyo batimuka.

Imyitozo yubugome cyane cyane mu nganda z’inkoko zirimo gutwara inkoko zimaze gushya binyuze muri sisitemu yiposita. Bifatwa nkibintu bidafite ubuzima aho kuba ibinyabuzima, izo nyamaswa zoroshye zishyirwa mu dusanduku duto twikarito hanyuma zoherezwa nta biryo, amazi, cyangwa ubugenzuzi. Inzira irimo akajagari kandi iteje akaga, hamwe ninkoko zihura nihindagurika ryubushyuhe, gufata nabi, no gutinda mugihe cyo gutambuka.

Kuri izo nyoni zikiri nto, urugendo akenshi rwica. Benshi bapfa bazize umwuma, guhumeka, cyangwa ibikomere byatewe no gutwara. Abacitse ku icumu bahageze bafite intege nke cyane kandi bahahamutse, gusa bahura nububabare aho berekeza. Iyi myitozo iragaragaza cyane kutita ku mibereho y’inyamaswa muri gahunda yo guhinga inganda.

Amatungo yo mu murima akenshi yihanganira amasaha arenga 30 mu bwikorezi adafite ibiryo cyangwa amazi, kubera ko amategeko y’amasaha 28 adakurikizwa. Imikorere ya kimuntu, nko gutanga ibikenerwa byibanze mugihe cyurugendo rurerure, ntibisanzwe mubikorwa byinyama kubera kubura amabwiriza ahoraho.

Uku kubabazwa kwabo kugereranya agace gato k'ubuzima bugufi kandi bugoye inyamaswa zo mu murima zihanganira muri gahunda yacu y'ibiryo. Ku nyamaswa nyinshi zororerwa ibiryo, ukuri gukabije nubuzima butagira umunezero cyangwa umudendezo. Ibi biremwa, bisanzwe bifite ubwenge, imibereho, kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo kugira amarangamutima atoroshye, bimara iminsi bifungiwe mubihe byuzuye kandi byanduye. Benshi ntibazigera bumva ubushyuhe bwizuba kumugongo, ubwatsi bwibyatsi munsi yamaguru yabo, cyangwa umwuka mwiza wo hanze. Barabujijwe ndetse n'amahirwe y'ibanze yo kwishora mu myitwarire karemano nko kurisha, gukina, cyangwa gushinga urugo rw'imiryango, ari ngombwa mu mibereho yabo.

Kuva bakivuka, izo nyamaswa ntizifatwa nkibinyabuzima bikwiye kwitabwaho no kubahwa ahubwo nkibicuruzwa - ibicuruzwa bigomba gukoreshwa cyane kugirango byunguke. Imibereho yabo ya buri munsi irangwa nububabare bukabije bwumubiri n amarangamutima, byiyongera mugihe cyo gutwara iyo byuzuye mumodoka idafite ibiryo, amazi, cyangwa ikiruhuko. Uku gufatwa nabi kurangirira mu bihe byabo bya nyuma ku ibagiro, aho ubwoba nububabare bisobanura ibyababayeho nyuma. Buri cyiciro cyo kubaho kwabo gikozwe no gukoreshwa, kwibutsa byimazeyo ibintu byubugome byihishe inyuma yinganda zinyama.

Ufite imbaraga zo gukora Impinduka zinyamaswa

Inyamaswa zibabazwa muri gahunda yacu y'ibiryo ni ibiremwa bifite imyumvire itekereza, ikumva, kandi ikagira amarangamutima nkuko natwe tubikora. Ibibazo byabo ntabwo byanze bikunze - impinduka zirashoboka, kandi bitangirana natwe. Ufashe ingamba, urashobora gufasha kurinda izo nyamaswa zugarijwe no guha inzira ejo hazaza h'impuhwe n'ubumuntu.

Twese hamwe, turashobora guharanira guhagarika ibikorwa byubugome bikabije, kwemeza ko amategeko y’imibereho y’inyamaswa yubahirizwa, kandi tugahangana no gufata nabi inyamaswa mu nganda z’inyama. Intambwe yose dutera ituma twegera isi aho inyamaswa zifatwa nicyubahiro nubwitonzi bukwiye.

Ntutegereze - ijwi ryawe rifite akamaro. Fata ingamba uyumunsi kugirango ube umuvugizi winyamanswa kandi igice cyumutwe urangiza imibabaro yabo.