Te ahuwhenua me te taiao: Ko nga utu huna o te kai, te miraka, me te huringa o te tau

Whakaarohia he kai ataahua kua whakatakotoria ki tō aroaro, he kakara reka e whakakī ana i te hau. I a koe e hakari ana, kua whakaaro koe ki te haerenga o aua hua kararehe reka i mua i te taunga ki tō pereti? Mai i ngā tirohanga pāmu ataahua ki ngā whare patu kararehe pukumahi, ehara i te mea ngāwari te kōrero mō ā tātou kai. I tēnei rā, ka tīmata tātou i tētahi tūhuratanga whakamiharo mō te pānga taiao o ngā hua kararehe, mai i te pāmu ki te marau.

Te Mārama ki te Pānga Taiao o te Ahuwhenua Kararehe

Te Tātari i ngā Tukunga Hau Kākāriki

He nui te takoha a te ahuwhenua kararehe ki ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi o te ao , ā, he wāhi nui tēnei ki te huringa āhuarangi. Ko ēnei tukunga he hauhā waro (CO2) me te methane (CH4), ā, he pānga whakamahana kaha tō ēnei e rua. Inaa, e ai ki te Whakahaere Kai me te Ahuwhenua o te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao, tata ki te 14.5% o ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi o te ao te nui o ngā kararehe e whakaputa ana.

Engari ehara i te mea ko ngā tukunga anake. Nā te whānui haere o te mahi ahuwhenua kararehe kua whai wāhi atu ki te whakangaromanga o te ngahere me te huringa whakamahinga whenua. Ko te whakawātea i ngā ngahere hei whenua whāngai kararehe me te whakaputa kai kararehe ehara i te mea ka arahi noa ki te whakangaromanga o ngā nohoanga engari ka tukuna hoki te hauhā waro kua rongoatia ki te āhuarangi.

Ko ngā mahi ahuwhenua ahumahi, pērā i ngā mahi whāngai kararehe kukū (CAFO) me ngā pāmu wheketere, ka whakanui ake i ēnei raruraru taiao. Ko te whakatipu me te whakatipu kararehe kaha i roto i ēnei pūnaha e hiahia ana ki te nui o ngā rauemi, ā, ka whakanui ake i tōna pānga ki te taiao.

Te Aromatawai i te Whakamahinga Wai me te Parahanga

He mahi nui te ahuwhenua kararehe. Ko te whakaputanga kai kararehe, te wai inu kararehe, me te whakahaere para ka whai wāhi nui ki te whakapaunga wai. Hei whakamārama, e kiia ana ko te whakaputanga o te kotahi pauna mīti kau e hiahiatia ana he 1,800 karani (tata ki te 6,814 rita) wai, ki te whakaritea ki te 39 karani (147 rita) noa iho mō te kotahi pauna huawhenua.

Haunga te kai wai, he pūtake parahanga wai te ahuwhenua kararehe. Ka taea e te paru o ngā mahi kararehe te parahanga i ngā puna wai māori, ka tukuna ai ngā matūkai nui pērā i te hauota me te whākōkī. Ka whakanuia e tēnei parahanga te tipu o ngā puāwaitanga rimurimu kino, ka taea te whakararu i ngā mea ora i roto i te wai, me te whakararu i te kounga o te wai mō te tangata me ngā kararehe.

Te Pānga o te Whakahaere Para Kararehe

He āwangawanga nui te whakahaere para koretake i roto i te umanga ahuwhenua kararehe. Ka pā kino pea te nui o te para kararehe ki te taiao. Ka taea e te rerenga matūkai mai i te paru kararehe te uru ki ngā awa wai, ka arahi ki te eutrophication me te hekenga o te hāora. Nā tēnei, ka kino ngā pūnaha rauropi wai, ka kino hoki te kounga o te wai.

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, ko te tukunga o te methane mai i ngā mea pirau o te paru ka whai wāhi ki ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi, ka kaha ake te huringa āhuarangi. E mārama ana he mea nui ngā mahi whakahaere para whai hua, pumau hoki hei whakaiti i ēnei pānga ki te taiao.

Te Tūhura i ngā Huarahi Rerekē me ngā Auahatanga Tauwhiro

He waimarie, kei te puta ake ngā otinga auaha hei whawhai i ngā wero o te whakahaere paru kararehe. Ka taea e ngā hangarau pēnei i ngā mīhini keri anaerobic te hopu pai i te hau koiora mai i ngā paru kararehe me te huri hei pūngao whai hua. Ka tukuna hoki e ngā pūnaha whakawairakau he huarahi pai ki te taiao hei hangarua i te paru kararehe, ka puta he maniua waro whai matūkai me te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga parahanga.

Mā te tango i ēnei huarahi kē atu mō te oranga tonutanga, me te whakatenatena i te whakatinanatanga i roto i te rāngai ahuwhenua, ka taea e tātou te whakaiti i te pānga taiao o ngā paru kararehe, me te whakamahi anō hoki i te pūngao ma mō ētahi atu kaupapa.

Te Whakamahinga Whenua me te Whakangaromanga Nohoanga

Nā te hiahia mō te whenua hei whakahaere i te whakatipu kararehe kua nui haere te whakangaromanga o ngā ngahere. Ka whakawāteahia ngā ngahere hei wāhi mō te whāngai kararehe me te whakatipu hua hei kai mā ngā kararehe. Ehara i te mea ka whakangaro noa i ngā pūnaha rauropi nui tēnei whakangaromanga nui, ā, ka whakararu hoki i te kanorau koiora, engari ka tukuna hoki he nui o te hauhā waro kua rongoatia, ka whai wāhi ki te huringa āhuarangi.

I te mōhio ki tēnei ia āhuatanga whakamataku, kei te piki haere te rongonui o ngā mahi ahuwhenua tauwhiro me ngā huarahi whakahaere whenua. Hei tauira, ko te ahuwhenua whakaora e whakanui ana i te hiranga o te whakaora i ngā whenua kua pakaru mā roto i ngā mahi e whakatairanga ana i te hauora o te oneone me te pupuri waro. Mā te whakamahi i ēnei huarahi, kāore e taea e tātou te whakaiti noa i te pānga taiao o te ahuwhenua kararehe engari ka taea hoki e tātou te hanga i tētahi pūnaha kai tauwhiro ake mō ngā reanga kei te heke mai.

Te Whakamārama i ngā Tikanga Ahuwhenua Tauwhiro me ngā Huarahi Whakahaere Whenua

He mea nui te neke ki ngā mahi ahuwhenua tauwhiro ake hei whakaiti i te pānga taiao o te ahuwhenua kararehe. Mā te awhi i ngā mahi pēnei i te whāngai kararehe hurihuri me te mahi ahuwhenua ngahere, ka taea e ngā kaimahi pāmu te whakapai ake i te hauora o te oneone me te whakaiti i te hiahia mō ngā maniua hangai me ngā patu pepeke. Ehara i te mea ko ēnei tikanga anake te whakaora i ngā nohonga tūturu engari ka whakarei ake i te kanorau koiora, ka hanga he taurite pai i waenga i te ahuwhenua me te taiao.

Ngā Huanga o te Huringa Āhuarangi me te Whakaiti Rauemi

Ko te huringa āhuarangi tētahi o ngā wero nui rawa atu e pā ana ki a tātou, ā, he wāhi nui tā te ahuwhenua kararehe ki te whakanui ake i tēnei take o te ao. Ko te whakaputanga o ngā hua kararehe, inā koa te mīti me te miraka, he wāhi nui ki te whakaputanga o ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi. Ko te nui o ngā rauemi, tae atu ki te whenua, te wai, me te pūngao, e hiahiatia ana mō te whakatipu kararehe, ka whai wāhi hoki ki te whakaiti rauemi me te whakahekenga o te taiao.

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, he tūmomo mōrearea te ahuwhenua kararehe e horapa ana ki te haumarutanga kai. I te tipu haere tonu o te taupori o te ao, ka kitea te koretake o ngā kai kararehe. Mā te neke ki ngā momo kai tipu me ngā kai tauwhiro ka taea te whakaiti i ēnei pēhanga, me te whakatairanga hoki i tētahi kai hauora mō te tangata takitahi me te ao whānui.

Te Whakatairanga i ngā Kōwhiringa Kai Rerekē me te Kai Taurite

Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi kai tipu tētahi o ngā huarahi tino whai pānga ka taea e te tangata te whakaiti i ō rātou tapuwae waro me te whai wāhi atu ki tētahi heke mai pumau ake. Mā te whakauru atu i ngā hua rākau, huawhenua, pīni, me ngā witi katoa ki roto i ā tātou kai, ehara i te mea ka taea e tātou te whakaiti i ngā taumahatanga taiao anake engari ka taea hoki te whakapai ake i te hauora whaiaro. He mea nui anō hoki te tautoko i ngā mahi ahuwhenua matatika me te aro ki te taiao hei whakatenatena i te whakawhiti ki tētahi pūnaha kai pumau.

Whakakōhatutanga

He nui ngā pānga ki te taiao o te haerenga mai i te pāmu ki te marau. He nui ngā rauemi e hiahiatia ana mō te whakaputanga o ngā hua kararehe, e whai wāhi ana ki ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi, e whakaiti ana i ngā rauropi, ā, e whakapau ana i ngā rauemi nui. E mārama ana ko te huri i tā tātou pūnaha kai ki tētahi e mau tonu ana, e taurite ana hoki, he mea nui rawa atu.

Hei kaihoko mātau, kaua e whakaititia te mana kei a tātou. Mā te whiriwhiri whai whakaaro, te awhi i ngā momo tipu rerekē, me te tautoko i ngā mahi ahuwhenua matatika, ka taea e tātou te whakaiti i te pānga taiao o te ahuwhenua kararehe, me te whakarite i tētahi heke mai kanapa ake, matomato ake mō ngā whakatipuranga e haere ake nei.