Kuwo wonke umlando, ama- cetacean—okuhlanganisa amahlengethwa, imikhomo nama- porpoise—iye abamba iqhaza elibalulekile esikweni lesintu, ezinganekwaneni nasemphakathini. Ubuhlakani babo obuyikhethelo namandla amangalisayo awazange athande abantu kuphela kodwa futhi aholele ekuvezweni kwabo njengamabhizinisi afana nonkulunkulu abanamandla okwelapha ezindabeni zakudala. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kubaluleka kwamasiko kunohlangothi olumnyama, njengoba kwenza ne-cetaceans okuqondiswe kuyo ukuxhashazwa nokuthunjwa. Kulo mbiko obanzi, i-Faunalytics ihlola ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwe-cetaceans nabantu, ihlola ukuthi lokhu kuvezwa okugxile kumuntu kube nomthelela kanjani ekwelapheni kwabo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Naphezu kwezimo zengqondo eziguqukayo mayelana nokuthunjwa kwe-cetacean nokuxhashazwa, izintshisekelo zezomnotho ziyaqhubeka nokuqhuba ukuhlukunyezwa kwazo okuqhubekayo. Le athikili ihlola izinganekwane zakuqala, izifundo zesayensi, nezinqubo zesimanje, ezinikeza ukukhanya kumthelela ongapheli wemibono yamasiko ezimpilweni zalezi zidalwa ezinhle kakhulu.
Isifinyezo Ngu: Faunalytics | Isifundo Soqobo Ngu: Marino, L. (2021) | Kushicilelwe: Julayi 26, 2024
Lo mbiko ubhala ukuthi ama-cetaceans amelwe kanjani kusiko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nokuthi lokhu kuba nomthelela kanjani emizamweni yokuqeda ukuthunjwa kwe-cetacean nokuxhashazwa.
Ama-cetaceans (isb., amahlengethwa, imikhomo, nama-porpoise) avezwe ezinganekwaneni nasezinganekwaneni izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Lokhu kungenxa yengxenye yobuhlakani babo obukhethekile namanye amakhono ahlaba umxhwele. Kodwa-ke, umbhali waleli phepha uthi ukubaluleka kwabo kwamasiko kubenze baba izisulu zokuxhashazwa nokuthunjwa.
Kulesi sihloko, umbhali ungena endleleni izethulo ze-cetaceans ezigxile kubantu ezithinta ukwelashwa kwazo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile, umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi ukubaluleka kwezomnotho kwama-cetaceans kusalokhu kuyisici sokushayela ukuhlukunyezwa kwabo okuqhubekayo naphezu kokushintsha izimo zengqondo mayelana nokuthunjwa nokuxhashazwa.
Umbhali uqale axoxe ngezindaba zakuqala ezibandakanya ama-cetaceans, ikakhulukazi amahlengethwa, njengezidalwa ezinjengonkulunkulu ezinamandla okuphulukisa. Ngawo-1960, le mibono yaqiniswa kuphela umsebenzi wesazi sezinzwa u-John C. Lilly, owasikhanyisela ngokuhlakanipha okumangalisayo kwamahlengethwa e-bottlenose kanye nobuchopho obukhulu, obuyinkimbinkimbi. Umbhali uthi umsebenzi kaLilly ube nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Isibonelo, wandisa inkolelo yokuthi ukuqonda ukuthi amahlengethwa axhumana kanjani kungavula ikhono lokuxhumana nabantu abavela ngaphandle komhlaba - lokhu kwaholela ekuhloleni okungekho emthethweni, futhi ngokuvamile okubulalayo, kumahlengethwa athunjiwe.
Umbono wasendulo wokuthi amahlengethwa “njengabelaphi” ubonakala nakakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenzisana phakathi kwabantu namahlengethwa njengeDolphin Assisted Therapy. Lokhu kwakhiwe embonweni wokuthi izivakashi ezinezimo zempilo zingathola ukubaluleka kokwelapha ngokubhukuda nokusebenzelana namahlengethwa. Umbhali uveza ukuthi lo mbono uye wachithwa kakhulu, nakuba ukubhukuda namahlengethwa kusewumsebenzi odumile wezivakashi.
Ngaphandle kokubhekwa njengezidalwa zenganekwane, ama-cetacean sekuyisikhathi eside ebanjwa futhi ehlukunyezwa ngenxa yokuzijabulisa kwawo kanye nenani lezomnotho. Ngokusho kombhali, ukwakhiwa kweKhomishana Yomhlaba Wonke Yokudotshwa Kwemikhomo kanye neMephu Yokuvikelwa Kwezilwane Zasolwandle kwasiza ekunciphiseni ukudotshwa kwemikhomo kanye nomkhuba wokubamba ama-cetaceans aphilayo. Kodwa-ke, amazwe athile athole izintuba zokuqhubeka nokuzingela kanye nokubamba ama-cetaceans ukuze bathole imali (noma ukuwabeka obala noma ukuwabulala ukuze adliwe abantu).
Amapaki olwandle nawo athole izintuba phakathi kwengcindezi ekhulayo yomphakathi yokuqeda ukuxhashazwa kwe-cetacean. Okungukuthi, bavame ukusho ukuthi benza ucwaningo futhi baneqhaza emizamweni yokongiwa kwe-cetacean. Umbhali uthi eziningi zalezi zikhungo azinabo ubufakazi obubambekayo bokuzisekela.
Naphezu kwengcindezi ekhulayo evela emphakathini yokuqeda ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-cetacean, amapaki olwandle ahlala edumile kwaze kwaba yilapho kukhululwa i -Blackfish ngo-2013. Le filimu ibonise izinkinga ngemboni ye-orca eboshiwe ebifihliwe emehlweni omphakathi. Ngemva kwalokho, ushintsho olukhulu, emhlabeni wonke ezimweni zengqondo zomphakathi ngokuthunjwa kwe-cetacean lwabizwa ngokuthi “umphumela we-Blackfish.” Lokhu kwalandelwa izinguquko ezimbalwa zezomnotho nezomthetho emhlabeni wonke.
I-Seaworld yathinteka kakhulu ngenxa yomphumela we-Blackfish, njengoba yaphoqeleka ukuthi iyeke uhlelo lwayo lokuzalanisa i-orca futhi yaba nenani elikhulu lemakethe. Umbhali uphawula ukuthi nakuba i-Blackfish ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ezinguqukweni ezenzekayo, imizamo eqhubekayo yokumela izilwane nayo yayibalulekile.
Ngeshwa, ama-cetaceans nezinye izilwane zasemanzini ziyaqhubeka nokuphathwa kabi emhlabeni jikelele. Umbhali ucaphuna amacala e-Faroe Islands, Japan, China, naseRussia, lapho ukuzingela kwe-cetacean nokuzijabulisa okubukhoma kwanda. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-cetacean zibhekene nokuncipha kwenani labantu ngisho nokushabalala. Ngenkathi izindawo zokulondoloza izilwane ezincelisayo sezivame kakhulu njengekhaya lezilwane ezithunjiwe, abameli kufanele baqhubeke nokusebenza ekuguquleni imibono yomphakathi kanye nokuphoqelela ukuguqulwa komthetho ukuze ama-cetacean ahlale ephephile endle lapho ehlala khona.
Qaphela: Lokhu okuqukethwe bekushicilelwe ekuqaleni ngoFaunalyTics.org futhi kungahle kungabonisi imibono ye Humane Foundation.
