Umkhuba wanamuhla wokulima efektri, owaziwa nangokuthi ukulima izilwane okuthe xaxa, udale ubudlelwano obungagcineki phakathi kwabantu nezilwane ezinemiphumela yezilwane kuphela kodwa futhi nempilo yomphakathi kuphela, imvelo kanye nobulungiswa bezenhlalo. Enye yezingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zezempilo ezivela efektri ukuvela efektri ukuvela kanye nokusabalala kwezifo ze-zoolomotic, ezaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi yiZooses. Lezi zifo, ezidluliswa phakathi kwezilwane nabantu, ziye zaba yingozi ekhulayo yomhlaba wonke ngenxa yezimo ezigcwele ezigcwele, ezingahlanzekile, nezingcindezi ezifunyanwayo ezitholakala emapulazini efektri.
Yini i-zooses?
I-Zooses yizifo ezingadluliselwa ezilwaneni ziye kubantu. Zingabangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, ama-parasites kanye nesikhunta, futhi zisukela kusuka ekuguleni okuncane kuya ezimweni ezinkulu, ezisongela impilo. Ezinye zezifo ze-ZOOOCOtic ezidume kakhulu zifaka umkhuhlane wezinyoni (umkhuhlane wezinyoni), umkhuhlane wezinyoni), umkhuhlane wezingulube, isifo sofuba, amarabi kanye nabakwa-SARS (esibi kakhulu sokuphefumula). Ubhubhane lweCovil-19, oluqhamuka egciwane eledlule ezilwaneni kubantu, liyisikhumbuzo sakamuva sobungozi obubucayi obubangelwa yiZooses.
Lezi zifo akuyona into entsha, kepha ukudluliselwa kwazo kuvuselelwa ukukhuphuka kwezolimo efektri, lapho izilwane zigcinwa khona lapho zivalelwe, zibekelwe izimo ezingcolile, futhi zivame ukucindezelwa, futhi zingenampilo. Lezi zimo zidala indawo ephelele yamagciwane ukuze achume futhi aqhamuke, andise amathuba abo achitheke kubantu.
Ukulima efektri nokusabalala kweZooses
Ukulima ifektri kufaka ukukhulisa inani elikhulu lezilwane ezikhaleni ezincane, ezinabantu abaningi ngokuzihlonipha okuncane noma izidingo zempilo. Lezi zilwane zivame ukunikezwa ama-antibiotics nama-hormone ukukhuthaza ukukhula futhi zivikele izifo ezimweni lapho izifo zidlangile khona. Ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ukuvalelwa kwezilwane ezimweni ezingezinhle, futhi amanani amakhulu okungcola akhiqizwa wonke anikela ekusakazeni kwezifo ezithathelwanayo.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo zivame ukuvela kokusebenzisana okungagcineki futhi okungafanele phakathi kwabantu nezilwane. Ukusakazeka kwezifo ze-Zoogtic kuqhutshwa othintana naye wesilwane esiseduze, izingozi ezingokomfanekiso zefektri zokulima ifektri, kanye nokuxhashazwa kwazo zombili lezi zilwane kanye nabasebenzi kulezi zinhlelo ezikhuthele zezilwane zasefuyo.
- Izimo ezigcwele kakhulu : Amapulazi efekthri avame ukugcina izilwane ezikhathini eziphakeme ngokwemvelo, zandisa amathuba okuxhumana ngqo phakathi kwezilwane ezahlukahlukene zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Lokhu kuxhumana okusondele kuvumela ukudluliswa okulula kwamagciwane ezinhlotsheni zonke izinhlobo, ezingashintsha futhi zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokuthelelelela abantu.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-antibiotic : Elinye lama-Gloundmarks of Ezolimo Zezimboni Zezimboni ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwemithi elwa namagciwane. Ngenkathi la ma-antibiotic asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuvikela izifo futhi akhuthaze ukukhula, abuye afake isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwamagciwane alwa namagciwane, angagxuma ezilwaneni ziye kubantu futhi adale izifo ezingalawuleki.
- Ingcindezi nempilo engeyinhle : Izilwane emapulazini efektri zivame ukucindezelwa kakhulu, izimo zokuphila ezingezinhle, kanye nokungondleki. Ukucindezela kwenza buthaka amasosha abo omzimba, kubenza bathambekele kakhulu ezifweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezingenampilo kungenzeka zichithe amagciwane angadluliselwa kubantu nakwezinye izilwane.
- Ukungcola nokungcola : Amapulazi efektri akhiqiza inqwaba yemfucuza yezilwane, okuningi okulawulwa ngokungafanele. Ukuqongelelwa kwemfucuza ngamanani amakhulu kungangcolisa ama-water Supplies, inhlabathi, nomoya, ukudala indawo lapho izifo zisakazeka khona kalula.
Umthelela womhlaba wonke wezifo ze-zoolomotic
Ukusakazeka komhlaba kweZooses emhlabeni kuyinto ekhathalela kakhulu izinhlelo zezempilo zomphakathi emhlabeni wonke. I-World Health Organisation (WHO) eye yaqaphela izifo ze-Zoonotic njengenye yezinsongo zezempilo ezivelayo, futhi izifo eziningi ezibaluleke kakhulu ezithathelwanayo emhlabeni zinemvelaphi ye-Zoolootic. Isibonelo, umkhuhlane we-Avian, umkhuhlane wezingulube, kanye nobhubhane lwamuva nje lwe-19
Imiphumela yezomnotho yokuqubuka kwezifo ze-Zoolotic nayo iyajula. Baphazamisa izimboni, ikakhulukazi ezolimo nezokuvakasha, kanye nengcindezi enkulu ezinhlelweni zezempilo. Izindleko zokulawula ukuqubuka, ukuphatha izimpendulo zezempilo zomphakathi, futhi ukubhekana nemithelela yesikhathi eside yokudluliswa kwezifo kungaba izinkanyezi.
I-Zuoses futhi ayithinte kakhulu imiphakathi ebekelwe amathuba, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihola kancane nasezindaweni zasemakhaya, lapho abantu behlala khona eduze nezilwane futhi kungenzeka babe nokufinyelela okuncane ekunakekelweni kwezempilo. Kule miphakathi, ukuqubuka kwezifo ze-zoolomotic kungalimaza bonke abantu kanye neminotho yasekhaya, ukujulisa ukungalingani okukhona futhi kuholele ezindabeni zezempilo zesikhathi eside nezenhlalo.
Ubudlelwano besilwane obungenakuvikeleka
Emgogodleni wenkinga kukhona ubudlelwane obungagcineki phakathi kwabantu nezilwane ezidalwe ukulima efektri. Lobuhlobo bususelwa ekuxhashazweni, ukuzokwakhiwa kwezimpahla, kanye nokuntuleka kozwela lwezilwane njengezinto ezinomqondo. Ukugxila kukhulisa inzuzo ngokukhiqizwa kwezilwane ezikalwa izilwane, imvamisa ngezindleko zenhlalonhle yezilwane, impilo yabantu kanye nokusimama kwemvelo.
Ukulima efektri kuphatha izilwane njengezimpahla nje, izikhonzi zezimo ezinzima ukuze zikhiqize inyama eningi, ubisi namaqanda ngangokunokwenzeka. Le micabango ikhuthaza ukunganaki inani eliphakathi lempilo nenhlala-kahle yezilwane. Ngenxa yalokhu, izifo zezilwane zibonakala njengezithiyo nje ezizonqotshwa ngama-antibiotic, kunokuba kube nesibonakaliso esinephutha futhi asigcineki.
Ukuxhumeka phakathi kokulima efektri, i-zooses, kanye nokonakaliswa kobudlelwano babantu kuqokomisa isidingo esiphuthumayo sokucabanga kabusha ngezinhlelo zethu zezolimo nezindlela zokukhiqiza ukudla. Kufanele sibhekane nezindleko zokuziphatha, zezempilo kanye nezemvelo zokulima efektri, ikakhulukazi njengoba izifo ze-Zoorotic ziba yingozi eyakhula endabeni yezempilo emhlabeni jikelele.
Isicelo Soshintsho
Ukunciphisa ukusakazeka kwezifo ze-Zoobootic futhi ubhekane nezimbangela ze-FOOT zokulima efektri, kufanele sishintshe ngokuyisisekelo ukuthi sikukhiqiza futhi sisebenzise kanjani imikhiqizo yezilwane. Kunezenzo eziningana ezingasiza ukuvikela ukuvela kwe-Zooseses entsha futhi kunciphise ubungozi obubangelwe ukulima efektri:
- Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwezilwane : Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokubhekana nobungozi bokuhambisa kwezifo ze-Zoogtic Disease ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwethu kwemikhiqizo yezilwane. Ngokushintsha ekudleni okususelwa ekudleni kwezitshalo, singanciphisa isidingo sokulima efektri kanye nezimo ezigcwele abantu, ezingezinhle ezikhuthaza ukusakazeka kwezifo.
- Lawula futhi ukhawule ukusetshenziswa kwe-antibiotic : Ohulumeni kumele babeke imithetho eqinile ekusebenziseni ama-antibiotics kwezolimo, ikakhulukazi efektri efektri, lapho kufakwa khona ama-antibiotic ukuvimbela izifo futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamagciwane alwa namagciwane kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi bokudluliselwa kwezifo ze-zoolotic.
- Qinisa Izinhlelo Zempilo Yomphakathi : Ohulumeni kufanele batshale Ingqalasizinda Yezempilo Yomphakathi ukuze baqaphe, babone, futhi balawule izifo ze-ZOOBOOC. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokuphendula okusheshayo kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuqubuka ekubeni yi-Global Phendemics.
- Fundisa ushintsho : Imikhankaso Yezemfundo Yomphakathi ingavusa ukuqwashisa ngokuxhumanisa phakathi kokulima, izifo ze-zoolomotic, kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Ukugqugquzela ukuguquguquka kwenqubomgomo emazingeni endawo, kazwelonke, nawamazwe omhlaba kungasiza ukudala uhlelo lokudla olunempilo, oluzinzile kakhulu, futhi luthambekele ngaphansi kwezifo.
