Isidingo somhlaba wonke senyama nemikhiqizo yobisi siholele ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yokulima, lapho izilwane zikhuliswa emisebenzini emikhulu ngenhloso yokukhiqiza ukudla. Nakuba lo mkhuba uye wenyusa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle futhi wehlisa nezindleko, uphinde waveza ukukhathazeka okukhulu okuphathelene nokuphathwa kwezilwane kulezi zikhungo. Njengoba izilwane zasemhlabeni ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-70 nenqwaba yezilwane zasemanzini ezifuywa futhi zihlatshwe unyaka ngamunye, izinga lonya kwezilwane emapulazini efektri liyethusa. Lokhu sekuqubule inkulumompikiswano esabalele futhi kwaphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nokuziphatha kwezinhlelo zethu zokukhiqiza ukudla. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola imithelela yesimilo sonya lwezilwane emapulazini efektri, sihlola izinqubo zamanje, umthelela ezilwaneni, kanye nezimpikiswano eziphikisana nazo futhi ezimelene nakho. Sizophinde sixoxe ngeqhaza lemithetho kahulumeni kanye nokukhetha kwabathengi ekusingatheni le nkinga. Ngokuhlolisisa lesi sihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi nesiyimpikiswano, sethemba ukuthi sizocacisa ngezimiso zokuziphatha eziphathelene nokulima kwasefekthri kanye nendima esiyidlalayo sonke ekulolongeni ikusasa lenhlalakahle yezilwane.
Inhlalakahle yezilwane: Isibopho sokuziphatha
Ukubaluleka kwenhlalakahle yezilwane kudlulela ngale kwezimfuneko ezingokomthetho noma zokulawula; uhlanganisa isibopho sokuziphatha okufanele umphakathi usiqaphele futhi usibeke eqhulwini. Izilwane, izidalwa ezizwelayo ezikwazi ukuzwa ubuhlungu, ukwesaba, kanye nenjabulo, zifanelwe ukuphathwa ngozwelo nenhlonipho. Ngokwamukela isibopho sokuziphatha sokuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yezilwane, singalwela ukufinyelela ikusasa elinokuziphatha okuhle nelinobuntu.
Umthelela wezinqubo zokulima zasefekthri
Izinqubo zokulima emafekthri zinemithelela ephawulekayo nebanzi ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomphakathi wethu kanye nemvelo. Ngokombono wendawo ezungezile, le mikhuba inomthelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, kanye nokukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa. Ukukhiqizwa kwemfuyo ngezinga elikhulu ezindaweni ezivalekile kuholela ekuqongeleleni imfucuza yezilwane, evame ukungcolisa imithombo yamanzi eseduze. Ukwengeza, ukuthembela kuma-antibiotics emapulazini efektri ukuvimbela izifo nokukhuthaza ukukhula kubangele ukuvela kwamagciwane amelana nama-antibiotic, abeka usongo empilweni yomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezinsiza ezinjengomhlaba, amanzi, nokudla ekulimeni kwasefekthri kunomthelela ekuncipheni kwemithombo yemvelo futhi kwandise izinkinga zokungavikeleki kokudla emhlabeni wonke. Lezi zinqubo nazo zinemiphumela kwezomnotho, njengoba zingaholela ekuhlanganisweni kwamandla embonini yezolimo, zinciphise amathuba okusebenza kwabalimi abancane kanye nezinzile. Umthelela wokulima efekthri udlula unya lwezilwane; idlulela ekucekeleni phansi kwemvelo, ezingozini zezempilo zomphakathi, kanye nokungalingani kwezenhlalo nezomnotho.
Izindleko ezifihliwe zenyama eshibhile
Kuhlelo lwanamuhla lokudla oluthuthukisiwe, ukutholakala kwemikhiqizo yenyama eshibhile kungase kubonakale kuyinketho elula futhi ethengekayo kubathengi abaningi. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokufinyeleleka kunezindleko ezifihliwe ezidlula kakhulu inani lentengo. Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama eshibhile ngobuningi emapulazini emboni ngokuvamile kuhilela ukuxhashazwa kwezilwane futhi kungayinaki inhlalakahle yazo. Izilwane ziboshelwe ezimweni eziminyene nezingahlanzekile, azikhohlisi ukuziphatha kwazo kwemvelo futhi zingaphansi kokuphakelwa okujulile nokuzalanisa. Lezi zinqubo azigcini nje ngokuphumela ekuhluphekeni okukhulu kwezilwane ezihilelekile, kodwa futhi zibangela ukukhathazeka okubalulekile kokuziphatha. Ukwengeza, ukulima kwasefekthri kunemiphumela elimazayo endaweni ezungezile, kunomthelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, nokukhipha amagesi abamba ukushisa.
Umthelela endaweni
Izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe zokulima efekthri zinemiphumela efinyelela kude endaweni ezungezile. Ukukhuliswa okujulile kwemfuyo ukuze kukhiqizwe ngobuningi kudala imfucuza enkulu, engcolisa umoya, inhlabathi, nemithombo yamanzi. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-antibiotics nama-hormone kule misebenzi nakho kunomthelela ekuveleni kwamagciwane amelana nama-antibiotic futhi kubeka engcupheni empilweni yomuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ukuze kunwetshwe amapulazi ezimboni akugcini nje ngokucekela phansi imvelo eyigugu kodwa futhi kwandisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu ngokunciphisa amasinki e-carbon. Ukukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa, njenge-methane, ekhiqizwa izilwane ezivalelwe kuvame ukuba nomthelela ekwenyukeni kokufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Ngakho, imithelela yesimilo yonya lwezilwane emapulazini efektri idlulela ngalé kokuphathwa kwezilwane, okunomthelela omkhulu ekulinganiseni okuntekenteke kwemvelo kweplanethi yethu.
Ubunzima bezengqondo kubasebenzi
Ukusebenza emapulazini amafekthri akugcini nje ngokuba nemithelela yokuziphatha ekwelapheni izilwane kanye nokukhathazeka kwemvelo, kodwa futhi kuthatha umonakalo omkhulu enhlalakahleni engokwengqondo yabasebenzi. Imvelo yomsebenzi, ebonakala ngamahora amade, imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo, kanye nokuchayeka ezigcawini ezicindezelayo, ingaholela emazingeni aphezulu okucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, ngisho nokuhlukumezeka. Laba basebenzi bavamise ukubhekana nezimo eziyinselele, okuhlanganisa izindawo eziminyene nezingahlanzekile, ezingase zibe nomthelela ezinkingeni zabo zempilo yengqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingcindezi yokuhlangabezana nezilinganiso zokukhiqiza kanye nokunqanyulwa kwemvelo ekuhluphekeni kwezilwane kungadala ukungezwani kwengqondo nokucindezeleka kokuziphatha, okubangele umthwalo ongokomzwelo kanye nokungqubuzana kokuziphatha kwabasebenzi.
Ukubaluleka kwezinye izindlela ezisimeme
Ngokuguqukela kwezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni noma ngokuthatha izindlela zokulima ezinobuntu, singanciphisa kakhulu ukuhlupheka okulethwa izilwane kuyilapho sinciphisa umthelela wemvelo obangelwa ukulima kwasefekthri. Ukwengeza, ezinye izindlela ezisimeme zikhuthaza ukudla okunempilo nokunokulinganisela, okufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwemiphumela yezempilo yomphakathi. Ukwamukela lezi zindlela ezihlukile kudinga umzamo ohlangene ovela kubathengi, abakhiqizi, kanye nabenzi bezinqubomgomo ukuze bakhe ikusasa elisimeme nelinokuziphatha okuhle embonini yokudla.
Ukuma ngokumelene nokuxhashazwa
Kuwumthwalo wethu ukuthatha isinyathelo esiqinile ngokumelene nokuxhashazwa okwenzeka emapulazini ezimboni. Lokhu kuxhashazwa akubandakanyi nje kuphela ukuphathwa kabi nokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane kodwa futhi kuqhubekisela phambili uhlelo olubeka phambili inzuzo ngaphezu kwenhlalakahle yezidalwa eziphilayo. Ngokukhetha ukungazisekeli lezi zinqubo futhi esikhundleni salokho sikhuthaze ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha okuhle, sithumela umyalezo ocacile wokuthi ukuxhashazwa kwezilwane ukuze kukhiqizwe ukudla akwamukelekile. Ngokwala ukubamba iqhaza esidingweni semikhiqizo esuselwe enyameni, singaba neqhaza elikhulu ekushintsheni siye ohlelweni lwezolimo olunozwelo nolunobuntu. Ukuma ngokumelene nokuxhashazwa akuyona nje indaba yezimiso zokuziphatha kodwa futhi kuyisitatimende esinamandla esivuna ikusasa elinokuziphatha okuhle neliqhubekayo.
Sengiphetha, udaba lokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane emapulazini ezimboni yilona oludinga ukunakwa nokwenziwayo. Le mikhuba ayigcini nje ngokuphula izimiso zokuziphatha futhi ibangele ukuhlupheka okukhulu ezilwaneni ezingenacala, futhi inomthelela omubi endaweni ezungezile, impilo yomphakathi, kanye nenhlalakahle yomphakathi jikelele. Njengabathengi, kuwumthwalo wethu ukuzifundisa futhi senze izinqumo eziqaphelayo ezihambisana nezimiso zethu. Ngokusekela izindlela zokulima ezilungile nezisimeme, singasiza ekwakheni ikusasa elingcono lezilwane nabantu. Kukithi ukuthi sikhulume ngokumelene nonya lwezilwane futhi sifune ushintsho embonini. Masilwele ukuthola uhlelo lokudla olunozwela futhi olunomthwalo wemfanelo ngenxa yeplanethi yethu nazo zonke izakhamuzi zayo.
FAQ
Yiziphi izinkathazo eziyinhloko eziphathelene nonya lwezilwane emapulazini emboni?
Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko okuphathelene nonya kwezilwane emapulazini efektri kuphathelene nokuhlupheka nokuphathwa kabi kwezilwane. Imikhuba yokulima yasefekthri ngokuvamile ihilela ukuvalela izilwane ezindaweni eziminyene, ukuzifaka ngaphansi kwezimo zokuphila ezingezona ezemvelo, nokusebenzisa izindlela ezibangela ubuhlungu nokucindezeleka, njengokudebeza noma ukumisa umsila. Ukwengeza, izilwane zingase zibe ngaphansi kwezinqubo ezivamile ngaphandle kokuphumula okwanele kobuhlungu. Le mikhuba iphakamisa imibuzo yokuziphatha mayelana nesimo sokuziphatha sezilwane, amalungelo azo okuphila ngaphandle kokuhlupheka okungadingekile, kanye nesibopho sethu sokuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yazo. Umthelela wemvelo kanye nobungozi bezempilo yomphakathi obuhambisana nokulima kwasefekthri nakho kunomthelela ekukhathazekeni kwesimilo.
Unya lwezilwane emapulazini efektri luyithinta kanjani inhlalakahle kanye nezinga lempilo yezilwane?
Unya lwezilwane emapulazini efektri lunomthelela omubi enhlalakahleni kanye nezinga lempilo yezilwane. Lezi zilwane zivame ukuvalelwa ezimweni eziminyene futhi ezingahlanzekile, azikwazi ukuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni kwemvelo noma ukuzivocavoca. Bangase babhekane nezinqubo ezibuhlungu ngaphandle kokubulala izinzwa okufanele, njengokuhlehlisa noma ukugoqa umsila. Ukucindezeleka nokwesaba okutholakala kulezi zindawo kungaholela ekuguleni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, kubeke engcupheni impilo yabo kanye nezinga lempilo lilonke. Ukwengeza, ukuminyana nokuntuleka kokunakekelwa okufanele kungabangela ukusakazeka kwezifo, kubhebhethekise ukuhlupheka kwabo.
Yimiphi imiphumela engaba khona yokusekela noma yokuthethelela unya lwezilwane emapulazini emboni ngokombono wezimiso zokuziphatha?
Ukusekela noma ukuthethelela unya lwezilwane emapulazini emboni kunemiphumela eminingana engaba khona ngokombono wesimilo. Okokuqala, iqhubekisela phambili ukuhlupheka nokuphathwa kabi kwezilwane, okuphambene nezimiso zobubele nozwela. Okwesibili, ibukela phansi ukubaluleka kwezilwane okungaphakathi futhi izithatha njengempahla nje, inganaki ikhono lazo lokuzwa ubuhlungu nobumnandi. Lokhu kungaholela ekulahlekelweni yimizwa ekuhluphekeni kwezilwane kanye nokungabi nandaba nenhlalakahle yazo. Ukwengeza, ukuvumela unya lwezilwane emapulazini efektri kungaba nomthelela ekucekeleni phansi kwemvelo, njengoba le misebenzi ivame ukuba nemiphumela elimazayo ezimisweni zemvelo futhi ibe nomthelela ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu. Sekukonke, ukusekela noma ukuthethelela unya lwezilwane emapulazini emboni kuyinkinga ngokwezimiso zokuziphatha futhi kungqubuzana nezimiso zobulungisa nokuhlonipha izidalwa ezizwelayo.
Izindlela zokulima zasefekthri zinesandla kanjani ekucekeleni phansi kwemvelo, futhi iyini imiphumela yokuziphatha yalokhu?
Izindlela zokulima zasefekthri zinomthelela ekonakaleni kwemvelo ngezindlela eziningi. Okokuqala, ukuvalelwa kwezinga elikhulu kwezilwane kuholela emfucumfucwini egxilile, engangcolisa umhlabathi, imigudu yamanzi nomoya. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemithombo yamanzi namandla, kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ukuze kutshalwe izitshalo ezifunzwayo, kunomthelela ekucekeleni phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngokokuziphatha, ukulima kwasefekthri kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngenhlalakahle yezilwane, njengoba izilwane zivame ukuba ngaphansi kwezimo eziminyene nezicindezelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithelela yemvelo yokulima efekthri ingalimaza imvelo, ibeke engcupheni ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kanye nempilo yonke yomhlaba. Lokhu kuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nesibopho sokuziphatha sabantu maqondana nemvelo kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane.
Yiziphi ezinye izixazululo ezingaba khona noma ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha zokubhekana nonya lwezilwane emapulazini emboni?
Ezinye izixazululo ezingaba khona noma ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha zokubhekana nonya lwezilwane emapulazini efektri zihlanganisa ukushintshela emikhubeni yokulima eqhubekayo futhi enobuntu njengokulima okuphilayo noma okukhululekile, ukusebenzisa imithetho eqinile kanye nokuphoqelela izindinganiso zenhlalakahle yezilwane, ukusekela nokukhuthaza ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni nezinye izindlela. emikhiqizweni yezilwane, kanye nokufundisa abathengi ngomthelela wokukhetha kwabo ukudla. Ukwengeza, ukusekela nokukhuthaza izinhlangano zezenhlalakahle yezilwane kanye nezinhlelo ezisebenzela ukuthuthukisa izimo zezilwane zasemapulazini nakho kungaba nomthelela ekubhekaneni nonya kwezilwane emapulazini emboni.
