Ukulimala Kwezemvelo - Humane Foundation

Kulesi sigaba, thola ukuthi ukulima kwezilwane ezimbonini kukhuthaza kanjani ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo ngezinga elikhulu. Kusukela emigwaqweni engcolile yamanzi kuya kuzinhlelo zemvelo eziwayo, lesi sigaba siveza konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokuthi ukulima kwasefekthri kubeka kanjani engozini iplanethi esabelana ngayo sonke. Hlola imiphumela efinyelela kude yokulahlwa kwezinsiza, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukungcoliswa komoya namanzi, ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kanye nomthelela wokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni enkingeni yesimo sezulu.
Ngemuva kwawo wonke amapulazi asetshenziswa kakhulu kunoxhaxha lwezingozi ezizungezile: amahlathi agawulwa ukuze kudliwe izilwane, izindawo zokuhlala ezicekelwa phansi ukuze kube amadlelo, kanye nenani elikhulu lamanzi nokusanhlamvu okuphambukiselwa imfuyo esikhundleni sabantu. Ukukhishwa kwe-methane okuvela ezintweni ezelusayo, ukugeleza komquba ofakwe amakhemikhali, kanye nezidingo zamandla zesiqandisi nezokuthutha konke kuyahlangana ukuze kwenze ukulima kwezilwane kube enye yezimboni ezilimaza kakhulu imvelo eMhlabeni. Ixhaphaza umhlaba, ikhipha amanzi, futhi ifaka ushevu ezimisweni zemvelo—ngenkathi icasha ngenkohliso yokusebenza kahle.
Ngokuhlola la maqiniso, siphoqeleka ukuthi singabuzi nje ukuthi izilwane ziphathwa kanjani, kodwa ukuthi ukukhetha kwethu ukudla kulilolonga kanjani ikusasa leplanethi. Ukulimala kwemvelo akuwona umthelela oseceleni okude—kuwumphumela oqondile wesistimu eyakhelwe phezu kokuxhashazwa kwabantu abaningi. Ukuqonda izinga lokucekeleka phansi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala soguquko, futhi lesi sigaba sinikeza ukukhanya ngesidingo esiphuthumayo sokudlulela kwezinye izindlela ezisimeme, nezinozwelo.

I-nitrogen iyinto ebalulekile yokuphila emhlabeni, idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezitshalo nezilwane. Kodwa-ke, lapho amanani aphezulu we-nitrogen engena imvelo, angaba nemiphumela elimazayo kwimvelo yemvelo kanye nempilo yabantu. Omunye wabanikeli abaphambili kulolu daba ngumkhakha wezolimo, ngokuqondile ezolimo zezilwane. Ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuphathwa kwemfuyo, okubandakanya izinkomo, izinkukhu nezingulube, zixhunyaniswe namazinga abalulekile ekungcoleni kwe-nitrogen. Le nto yenzeka ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa umanyolo nomquba, ocebile eNitrogen, nasekukhuphukeni kwe-ammonia okukhiqizwa imfucuza yezilwane. Njengoba isidingo semikhiqizo yezilwane siyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka emhlabeni jikelele, ngakho-ke ukukhathazeka ngomthelela wezolimo zezilwane ekungcoleni kwe-nitrogen. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuxhumana phakathi kwezolimo zezilwane nokungcoliswa kwe-nitrogen, sihlolisise izimbangela, imiphumela, kanye nezixazululo ezingaba khona. Ngokuqonda lobu budlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi, ...

Ukulima efektri, indlela ethuthukile nenqwaba yokukhulisa izilwane ukukhiqizwa kokudla, sekuyinto ebalulekile yemvelo. Inqubo yezilwane ezikhiqiza ngobuningi zokudla ayikhuphuki kuphela imibuzo yokuziphatha ngenhlalonhle yezilwane kodwa futhi inomthelela omubi emhlabeni. Nawa amaqiniso ayi-11 abalulekile mayelana namapulazi efektri kanye nemiphumela yawo yezemvelo: Amapulazi awo angu-1- abamba amanzi aphuma efektri angomunye wabahlinzeki abaholayo ekuphumeni kwamagesi abamba ukushisa abamba ukushisa, ekhulula amanani amakhulu we-methane ne-nitrous oxide emkhathini. Lawa magesi anamandla amakhulu kune-carbon dioxide endimeni yawo ekushiseni komhlaba, nge-methane eneminyaka engaba ngu-28 ephumelela kakhudlwana ekushiseni ukushisa kweminyaka engu-100, futhi i-nitrous oxide cishe ama-298 amahlandla angama-298. Umthombo oyinhloko wokukhishwa kwe-methane epulazini efektri uvela ezilwaneni ezihlubukayo, njengezinkomo, izimvu nezimbuzi, ezikhiqiza inqwaba ye-methane ngesikhathi sokugaya ...

Ukulima efektri, uhlelo oluthuthukile lokukhulisa imfuyo yokukhiqiza ukudla, kube yimikhosi yokushayela ngemuva kokudla komhlaba wonke. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kobuso bale mboni esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi enenzuzo kutholakala izindleko ezifihliwe nezibulalayo: Ukungcoliswa komoya. Ukukhishwa okuvela emapulazini asefekthri, kufaka phakathi i-ammonia, i-methane, udaba lokubandakanya, namanye amagesi amabi, kufaka ubungozi obukhulu bezempilo emiphakathini yasendaweni kanye nabantu abaningi. Le ndlela yokuwohloka kwemvelo ivame ukunganakwa, kepha imiphumela yezempilo ifinyelela kude, okuholela ezifweni zokuphefumula, izinkinga zenhliziyo, nezinye izimo zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona. Isilinganiso sokungcoliswa komoya ngamapulazi efektri efektri efektri anesibopho sengxenye enkulu yokungcoliswa komoya. Lezi zikhungo zihlala izinkulungwane zezilwane ezikhaleni ezivalekile, lapho imfucuza inqamula ngamanani amakhulu. Njengoba izilwane zichitha imfucuza, amakhemikhali namagesi akhishwe emoyeni amunwa zombili izilwane kanye nemvelo. Ivolumu enkulu ...

Ukulima efektri, indlela yezolimo ezinamandla zezilwane, sekuyisikhathi eside zihlotshaniswa nezinkinga eziningi zemvelo nokuziphatha okuhle, kodwa enye yezinto ezikhohlisayo futhi ezivame ukunganakwa ukungcoliswa okukhiqizayo emoyeni. Imisebenzi yezimboni evutha izimboni, lapho izilwane zigcinwa khona eziminyene, izimo ezingezinhle, zikhiqiza inqwaba yokungcola komoya okufaka isandla ekuwohlokeni kwemvelo, izinkinga zempilo yomphakathi kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Lo mbhalo uhlola indlela ukulima kahle efektri ngqo ebhekene nokungcoliswa komoya kanye nemiphumela emide efinyelela kude empilweni yethu, imvelo kanye nenhlala-kahle yezilwane ezihilelekile. Ukungcola kwamapulazi efektri efektri, noma okuhlanganisiwe kokudla kwezilwane (ama-cafos), izinkulungwane zendlu zezilwane ezikhaleni ezivalekile lapho zikhiqiza khona imfucumfucu. Lezi zindawo zingumthombo obalulekile wokungcoliswa komoya, ekhulula amagesi ahlukahlukene ayingozi kanye nezinkinga ezingena emkhathini. Ukungcola okuvame kakhulu kufaka phakathi: Ammonia (NH3): ...

Ukulima efektri, owaziwa nangokuthi ukulima kwezimboni, kuwumkhuba wanamuhla wezolimo ohlanganisa ukukhiqizwa okujulile kwemfuyo, izinkukhu, kanye nezinhlanzi ezindaweni ezivaliwe. Le ndlela yokulima isiye yanda kakhulu emashumini eminyaka ambalwa edlule ngenxa yamandla ayo okukhiqiza inqwaba yemikhiqizo yezilwane ngentengo ephansi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusebenza kuza ngezindleko ezibalulekile kuzo zombili inhlala-kahle yezilwane kanye nemvelo. Umthelela wezolimo efektri ezilwaneni kanye neplanethi kuyinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ehlukahlukene evuse inkulumompikiswano egcwele kanye nempikiswano eminyakeni yamuva. Kulesi sihloko, sizokwelulwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene lapho ukulima efektri kuthinte khona zombili izilwane kanye nemvelo, kanye nemiphumela enakho empilweni yethu kanye nokusimama kweplanethi yethu. Ukusuka ekwelashweni okunonya nangobuntu kwezilwane emiphumeleni elimazayo emhlabeni, wamanzi nomoya, kubalulekile ku ...

Ukulima ifektri kungumshayeli omkhulu wokubhujiswa kwemvelo, ukuncipha kokonakalisa komhlaba kanye nokuqothuka ngesilinganiso esishaqisayo. Njengoba ezolimo zezimboni zinwebeka ukuze zihlangabezane nesidingo esikhulayo senyama nobisi, imikhuba yalo engalawuleki - njengokusebenzisa ngokweqile, ukusetshenziswa kwamahlathi, ukuncipha kwemithi yomanyolo - ukungcolisa imithombo yamanzi. Le misebenzi ayigcini nje ngokugxeka izwe lokuqina kwalo kwemvelo kodwa futhi isongela imvelo emhlabeni wonke. Ukuqonda umthelela wamapulazi efektri kubalulekile ekuvumeleni izindlela zokukhiqiza zokudla ezivikela izinsizakusebenza zeplanethi yethu ezizukulwaneni ezizayo

Ukukhishwa kwe-Methane kusuka emfuyweni kungumshayeli obalulekile ojwayelekile kodwa ovame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu, ngezilwane ezivuselelayo njengezinkomo nezimvu ezidlala indima enkulu. Njengoba i-methane idonsa izikhathi ezingama-28 ngempumelelo kune-carbon dioxide ngaphezulu kwekhulu leminyaka, umkhakha wemfuyo usuvele njengomqambi obalulekile ekushisweni komhlaba ngokushisa komhlaba, ukuphathwa komquba kanye nezinguquko zokusetshenziswa komhlaba. Ngezolimo ezibhekele cishe ngo-14% zokukhishwa kwegesi yomhlaba wonke, ukubhekana ne-methane ye-methane kusuka emfuyweni kubalulekile ekunciphiseni imithelela yesimo sezulu. Lo mbhalo uhlola ubudlelwano phakathi kokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo kanye nokukhishwa kwe-methane ngenkathi uhlola amasu aqhubekayo okunciphisa ukuphepha kwawo kwezemvelo ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukuphepha kokudla

Yize ukuzingela kwakuyingxenye ebalulekile yokusinda komuntu, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni eyi-100,000 edlule lapho abantu bokuqala bethembele ekuzingeleni ukudla, indima yayo namuhla ihluke kakhulu. Emphakathini wanamuhla, ukuzingela kuye kwaba umsebenzi wokuzilibazisa onobudlova kunokuba kube nesidingo sokuthola ukondla. Ukuze iningi labazingeli, akuseyona indlela yokusinda kepha uhlobo lokuzijabulisa oluvame ukubandakanya ukulimala okungadingekile ezilwaneni. Izisusa ezingemva kwesimanje ukuzingela ngokuvamile ziqhutshwa injabulo yomuntu siqu, ukuphishekela izindondo, noma isifiso sokubamba iqhaza esikweni elidala iminyaka yobudala, esikhundleni sokudla. Eqinisweni, ukuzingela kuye kwaba nemiphumela emibi kubantu bezilwane emhlabeni wonke. Kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ngezibonelo eziphawuleka kakhulu kufaka phakathi ihlosi laseTasmanian kanye ne-AUK enkulu, abantu bakaBantu ababenqunyelwe yimikhuba yokuzingela. Lokhu kuqothuka okubuhlungu kuzikhumbuzo ezimnandi ze ...

Izimboni zemfashini nezindwangu sekuyisikhathi eside zihlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifana noboya, uboya, nesikhumba, ezitholakala ezilwaneni. Nakuba lezi zinto zokwakha zibungazwa ukuqina kwazo, imfudumalo, nokunethezeka kwazo, ukukhiqizwa kwazo kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwemvelo. Lesi sihloko sidingida izingozi zemvelo zoboya, uboya, nesikhumba, sihlola umthelela wako ku-ecosystem, inhlalakahle yezilwane, kanye neplanethi yonke. Indlela Ukukhiqiza Uboya Kuyilimaza Ngayo Imvelo Imboni yoboya ingenye yezimboni ezilimaza kakhulu imvelo emhlabeni wonke. Ama-85% amangalisayo ezikhumba zemboni yoboya zivela ezilwaneni ezikhuliswe emapulazini emboni yoboya. Lawa mapulazi avame ukufukamela izinkulungwane zezilwane endaweni eminyene, engahlanzekile, lapho ezifuywa khona kuphela. Imithelela yemvelo yale misebenzi mibi kakhulu, futhi imiphumela idlulela ngalé kwezindawo eziseduze namapulazi. 1. Ukunqwabelana Kwemfucuza kanye Nokungcola Isilwane ngasinye kule mboni ...

Emthunzini wokulima efektri, inkinga efihlekile yenzeka ngaphansi kwezinhlanzi zamanzi, izidalwa ezinobuhlakani kanye nezinto ezihlakaniphile, zikhuthazele ukuhlupheka okungacabangeki ngokuthula. Ngenkathi izingxoxo eziphathelene nenhlalonhle yezilwane zivame ukugxila ezilwaneni zomhlaba, ukuxhashazwa kwezinhlanzi ngokudotshwa kwezimboni kanye ne-aquaculture kuhlala kunganakwa kakhulu. Uboshelwe ezimweni ezigcwele kakhulu futhi wavezwa amakhemikhali ayingozi kanye nokubhujiswa kwemvelo, lezi zidalwa zibhekana nonya olungapheli olunganakwa ngabathengi abaningi. Lo mbhalo uhlola ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha, umthelela wemvelo, kanye nocingo oluphuthumayo ukuze aqaphele inhlanzi njengokufanele ukuvikelwa nobubele ezinhlelo zethu zokudla. Ushintsho luqala ngokuqwashisa-ake silethe usizi lwabo