Uyemukelwa ekuhloleni okunengqondo kwesinye sezihloko okuphikiswana ngazo kakhulu enkulumweni yezempilo yesimanje: insangu. Sekuyiminyaka, lesi sitshalo sishintshashintsha phakathi kokubungazwa njengomelaphi wemvelo nokulahlwa njengobubi obuyingozi. Lilelephi iqiniso? Namuhla, sihlunga insangu yezinganekwane nemibono eyiphutha ukuze sibheke ngendlela eqondile imithelela yangempela yensangu empilweni, njengoba kubekwe kuvidiyo ye-YouTube enesihloko esithi “Ingabe Insangu Ayinampilo? Ukubheka Ngokujulile Ucwaningo.”
UMike, umdali wale vidiyo ephoqelelayo, ungena emhlabeni oqinile wezifundo zesayensi, ehlaziya imizamo yocwaningo olusemthethweni engaphezu kuka-20 ukuze akhiphe amaqiniso enganekwaneni ephathelene nensangu. Ubhekana ngqo nemibuzo evuthayo: Ingabe insangu ayiluthi ngempela? Ingabe ukuyibhema kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu? Ukujula okujulile kukaMike kunikeza umbono ongathathi hlangothi, osekelwe idatha, ongenambala ukuma okuqinile kokulwa nokhula kwezinhlangano zenhlangano noma ukuvumela ngentshiseko kwabasebenzisi abashisekayo.
Ngokubukeza okucophelelayo kwezifundo, uMike wembula izambulo ezimangazayo. Yize i-NIH inesimo esiqinile, esicishe siphikisane nensangu, ithola ubufakazi obubekela inselele izinkolelo osekunesikhathi eside zikhona mayelana nezingozi zayo. Isibonelo, ngenkathi ucwaningo olulodwa lwango-2015 luphakamisa ukuthi akukho ngozi ekhulayo yomdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kwababhemayo abavamile, enye ixwayisa ngokunyuka okuphindwe kabili kwabathengi abakhulu. Iqiniso liyi-nuanced futhi liyinkimbinkimbi, lidinga ukuthi sihlale sinomqondo ovulekile futhi sisezingeni eliphezulu.
Hlanganyela nathi njengoba singena kulokhu kuhlaziya okulinganiselwe, okucwaningwe kahle, lapho sihlola ukhula (i-pun ehloselwe) futhi sivumbulula iqiniso ngensangu. Hlala ubukele uhambo ngezincwadi zesayensi, izincazelo zochwepheshe, futhi mhlawumbe, nokuqonda okucacile kwalesi sitshalo esiyimpicabadala.
Izinganekwane Zezempilo Ezizungeza Insangu: Ukwehlukanisa Iqiniso Nenganekwane
Akukho ukushoda kwezingxabano eziyimpikiswano uma kukhulunywa ngensangu kanye nomthelela wayo empilweni. Enye yezinganekwane ezivame kakhulu ukuthi insangu ayiluthi. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lubonisa iqiniso elihluke kakhulu. Ngokombiko we -National Academy of Sciences wango-2017 , ukusetshenziswa kanzima kungadala kokubili ukuncika ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba, nakuba kungenakulutha okuqinile njengezinto ezihlelwe ngaphansi kweSheduli II. Ukuphikelela kwale nganekwane cishe kuthonywa isimo sensangu Sohlelo I, igama elikhawulela ucwaningo olunzulu.
- Ayiluthisi: Ubufakazi obunomkhawulo, ukusetshenziswa kanzima kungaholela ekwethembekeni.
- Imbangela yomdlavuza wamaphaphu: Izifundo ezishayisanayo, ingozi engaba khona ngokusetshenziswa kakhulu.
Uma kukhulunywa ngokuxhumana phakathi kokubhema insangu nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, imininingwane iyashayisana. Ngenkathi ukuhlaziya okuhlanganisiwe kuka-2015 kubonise ubufakazi obuncane bokwanda kwengozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kwabasebenzisi abavamile, olunye ucwaningo lwembula ukwanda okuphindwe kabili kwengozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubasebenzisi abakhulu, ngisho nangemva kokulungisa izici ezifana nokuphuzwa kotshwala. Kubalulekile ukubhekana nalokhu okutholakele ngombono olinganiselayo, njengoba zombili izifundo zigcizelela ubungozi obungaba khona obuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kakhulu.
| Inganekwane | Iqiniso |
|---|---|
| Insangu ayiluthi | Ukusebenzisa kakhulu kungaholela ekwethembekeni |
| Intuthu yensangu idala umdlavuza wamaphaphu | Ubufakazi obushayisanayo; ukusetshenziswa okunzima kakhulu kubangela ingozi |
Insangu Nokulutha: Ukuhlaziya Izingozi Zokuncika Ngemininingwane Yocwaningo
Uma uhlola ubungozi bokuncika kwensangu, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-DEA isayihlukanisa njengesidakamizwa seSheduli I, iphakamisa amandla aphezulu okuhlukumeza kanye nekhono lokudala ukuncika okukhulu kwengqondo noma ngokomzimba. Nokho, ingabe lokhu kuhlukaniswa kubonisa ngempela iqiniso lanamuhla? Abacwaningi abaphikelelayo baye bahlolisisa lo mbuzo, okuholela emibonweni ehlukene. I-National Institute of Health (NIH), ngokwesibonelo, ibonakala inombono ongemuhle, okubonisa ukukhathazeka ngomuzwa ongamanga wokuphepha ozungeze insangu yezokwelapha. Nokho, ucwaningo olugxile ekuncikeni kwangempela lunikeza inqwaba yemininingwane.
Ucwaningo lubonise imiphumela exubile mayelana nokulutha kwensangu. Ngokwesibonelo, nakuba inani labantu elivamile lingase lingabonisi amazinga okuncika aphezulu, amaqembu angaphansi athile angase abe sengozini enkulu. Izici ezibalulekile ezinomthelela kulokhu kuthambekela zihlanganisa:
- I-Genetic Predisposition
- Imvamisa kanye Nesikhathi Sokusetshenziswa
- Ukusetshenziswa Kanye Kanye Kwezinye Izidakamizwa
| Isici | Ithonya Ekuncikeni |
|---|---|
| I-Genetic Predisposition | Yandisa ingozi kwabanye abantu |
| Imvamisa kanye Nesikhathi Sokusetshenziswa | Ubungozi obuphezulu ngokusetshenziswa njalo |
| Ukusetshenziswa Kanye Kanye Kwezinye Izidakamizwa | Ingandisa ubungozi bokuncika |
Nakuba ukusetshenziswa okusesilinganisweni kungase kusho ubungozi obuncane kwabaningi, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kubangela izingozi ezinkulu. Ukuthola ibhalansi nokuhlala unolwazi ngocwaningo oluthembekile kungasiza ukunciphisa lezi zingozi.
Intuthu Nezibuko Zomdlavuza Wamaphaphu: Yiziphi Izifundo Eziveza Ngokubhema Iwunga
Uma kukhulunywa ngesixhumanisi esingaba khona phakathi kokubhema insangu nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, ucwaningo luveza i-mosaic eyinkimbinkimbi. Umbiko weNational Academy of Sciences ka-2017, onanelwe yi-NIH, ukhombisa ukuthi izifundo ezikhona azikatholi ukwanda okukhulu kwengozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kwababhemayo abajwayele noma besikhathi eside be-cannabis. Ukuhlaziywa okuhlanganisiwe kuka-2015 kuyakweseka lokhu, ithi "kunobufakazi obuncane bengozi eyandayo yomdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kwababhemayo be-cannabis abajwayele noma isikhathi eside ."
Nokho, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nalolu lwazi ngokuqapha. **Ukusetshenziswa kwensangu kakhulu**, njengoba kuphawulwe kwezinye izifundo, kubonise ukwanda okuphindwe kabili kwengozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ithebula elilandelayo linikeza ukuqhathanisa kafushane kwemiphumela yocwaningo:
| Unyaka Wokufunda | Okutholakele |
|---|---|
| 2015 | Ubufakazi obuncane bokwanda kwengozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kwababhemayo abajwayele |
| 2017 | Umbiko we-National Academy of Sciences usekela okutholwe ngaphambilini |
| Kwakamuva | Ukwanda okuphindwe kabili komdlavuza wamaphaphu kubasebenzisi abakhulu |
Ekugcineni, nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwensangu okusesilinganisweni kungase kungethuli ingozi enkulu yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, **ukubhema kakhulu noma isikhathi eside** kusengase kube nemiphumela emibi. Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuhlola lawa maphethini njengoba kuvela izifundo ezibanzi nezesikhathi eside.
Ukuzulazula Ezinkingeni Zensangu Shejula Ukuhlelwa Okukodwa
Ukuzulazula Ezinkingeni Zohlelo Lokuqala Lwensangu
Ukuhlelwa kweShejuli yokuQala yensangu yi-DEA kubonisa ukuthi inamandla amakhulu okuxhashazwa kanye nethuba lokudala ukuncika okukhulu ngokwengqondo noma ngokomzimba. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lokhu kuhlukaniswa okuqinile kwenza kube inselele enkulu ukufunda into ngaphansi kwezimo zesayensi ezilawulwayo. Ngaphandle kwalezi zingqinamba, abacwaningi abaphikelelayo bakwazile ukuqoqa idatha ebalulekile ukuze bahlole umthelela wensangu.
Uma kubhekwa isimo sombuso ngalolu daba, izinhlangano ezifana neNational Institute of Health (NIH) zivame ukugcizelela izici ezingezinhle zokusetshenziswa kwensangu. Isibonelo, i-NIH iphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okudumile kwensangu yezokwelapha kungase kukhuthaze umuzwa wokuphepha ongamanga mayelana nomuthi. Nokho, eminye imibiko iphakamisa okuhlukile:
- Ubufakazi Obushayisanayo: Ucwaningo alutholanga ingozi enkulu yomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubantu ababhema insangu abajwayele noma besikhathi eside, ngokusho kombiko weNational Academy of Sciences ka-2017 kanye nocwaningo lwango-2015.
- Izingozi Ezingenzeka: Kunobufakazi obubonisa ukwanda okuphindwe kabili komdlavuza wamaphaphu kwababhemayo bokhula olunzima, ngisho nangemva kokulungiswa kwezici zangaphandle ezifana nokusetshenziswa kotshwala.
| Unyaka Wokufunda | Isiphetho | Amanothi Engeziwe |
|---|---|---|
| 2015 | Ubufakazi obuncane bokwanda kwengozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu | Isikhathi eside, ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile |
| 2017 | Abukho ubungozi obukhulayo bomdlavuza wamaphaphu obutholakele | I-National Academy of Sciences |
| Kwakamuva | Ukukhuphuka okuphindwe kabili kubasebenzisi abakhulu | Ilungiselwe utshwala |
I-Federal Governments Stance ngokumelene nemiphumela yesayensi: Umbono olinganiselayo ngensangu
Uhulumeni wobumbano uhlukanisa insangu njengesidakamizwa seSheduli I, ebonisa amandla ayo aphezulu okuhlukumeza nokuncika, kokubili ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa, abanye abathi kungase kuphelelwe yisikhathi, kwenza ucwaningo lwemiphumela yako lube nzima. Noma kunjalo, abacwaningi abaphikelelayo banikeze ingcebo yedatha nemininingwane, okuveza imibono ehlukahlukene.
Ngokuphambene, iNational Institute of Health (NIH) ivamise ukufaka insangu kabi ekhasini labo lewebhu, igcizelela ubungozi kanye nezinzuzo zokubukela phansi. Nokho, ukubhekisela kwabo ezifundweni ezinedumela elihle ngezinye izikhathi kwembula ukuphikisana. Isibonelo, i-NIH ihambisana nombiko we-National Academy of Sciences '2017, ivuma ukuthi abacwaningi abatholanga ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kokubhema insangu kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ngokuqondile, ucwaningo lwango-2015 lubonise "ubufakazi obuncane bengozi eyengeziwe" phakathi kwabasebenzisi besikhathi eside, nakuba kune-caveat mayelana nokusetshenziswa kakhulu.
| Umthombo | Ukuthola |
|---|---|
| I-National Academy of Sciences 2017 | Ayikho ingozi ephakeme yomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwababhemayo insangu |
| 2015 Study | Ubufakazi obuncane bokwanda kwengozi yomdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi kwababhemayo abavamile be-cannabis |
| Ucwaningo Olwengeziwe | Ukwanda okuphindwe kabili komdlavuza wamaphaphu kubasebenzisi bensangu esindayo |
Indlela eya Phambili
Ngakho-ke, njengoba sigoqa lokhu kuhlola okuphelele ezweni eliyinkimbinkimbi yemiphumela yezempilo yensangu, sisele nenqwaba yezinto ezitholakele. Ividiyo ye-YouTube ka-Mike ingene shi ezifundweni ezingaphezu kuka-20 ukuze kwembule amaqiniso nezinsumansumane eziphathelene nensangu— kusukela engxoxweni mayelana nezakhiwo zayo eziluthayo kuya ekuxhumaneni kwayo nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Okuvelayo akusona isithombe esimnyama nokumhlophe, kodwa i-tapestry enemininingwane eminingi egcizelela kokubili ubungozi obungenzeka kanye nezinzuzo.
Ngokuphawulekayo, ukuma okugcwele kwezikhungo zikahulumeni ezifana ne-DEA ne-NIH, evame ukutshekela ekugqamiseni okubi, kungahlanekezela umbono womphakathi. Kodwa-ke, uphenyo oluqotho ocwaningweni lwesayensi lwembula isithombe esinokulinganisela okwengeziwe: nakuba ukusetshenziswa okuvamile noma okunzima kubangela ukukhathazeka, ukusetshenziswa okusesilinganisweni akubonakali kuziphakamisa kakhulu izingozi zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, nakuba kungekho miphumela emibi engakhishwa ngokuphelele. Ngempela, njengoba uMike abonisa, ngisho nokusebenzisa insangu okubonakala kungenasizotha kudinga indlela yokuqapha nenolwazi.
Noma ngabe ungumuntu othanda ukungabaza, ummeli, noma ufuna ukwazi nje, into ebalulekile ongayenza lapha ukubaluleka kokuhlala unolwazi nokubuza imibuzo emithonjeni ethembekile. Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka nokuvela, ukuhlala sigxile kusayensi eqinile kuzosisiza ukuthi sibheke isimo esishintsha njalo semiphumela yempilo yensangu. Ngakho-ke, ithini imibono yakho ngale mpikiswano eqhubekayo? Yabelana ngemininingwane yakho futhi asigcine ingxoxo iqhubeka.
Kuze kube ngokuzayo, hlala unelukuluku futhi unolwazi. Jabulela ukucwaninga!
