Eminyakeni yamuva nje, umqondo wokulima ama-octopus uye wabangela impikiswano eshubile yomhlaba wonke. Njengoba izinhlelo zokutshala ama-octopus ayisigidi minyaka yonke zivela, ukukhathazeka ngenhlalakahle yalezi zidalwa ezihlakaniphe kakhulu nezizimele zodwa kuye kwanda. Imboni yezasemanzini, esivele ikhiqiza izilwane zasemanzini eziningi kunezibanjwe zasendle, manje ibhekene nokucutshungulwa mayelana nemithelela yesimilo nemvelo yokufuywa kwengwane. Le ndatshana icubungula izizathu zokuthi kungani ama-octopus okulima egcwele izinselele futhi ihlola umnyakazo okhulayo wokunqanda lo mkhuba ukuthi ungagxili. Kusukela ezimweni ezicindezelayo lezi zilwane ezingabekezelela kuya emithelela ebanzi yezemvelo, icala elibhekene nokulima ingwane liyaphoqa futhi liyaphuthuma.
Vlad Tchompalov/Unsplash
Ingabe I-Octopus Iba Isilwane Esilandelayo Sepulazi?
Vlad Tchompalov/Unsplash
Izinhlelo zokulima izingwane eziyisigidi ngonyaka ngonyaka ziye zavusa intukuthelo yamazwe ngamazwe kusukela zavezwa ngo-2022. Manje, njengoba inani lezinye izilwane zasemanzini ezifuywayo lidlula lezo ezibanjwe endle okokuqala ngqa, kunokukhathazeka okukhulayo kokuthi ukufuywa kwama-octopus kuzoshuba, futhi, naphezu kokuvumelana kwesayensi kokuthi lezi zilwane ezihlakaniphile, ezihlala zodwa zizohlupheka kakhulu.
Ngo-2022, amapulazi e-aquaculture akhiqiza amathani ayizigidi ezingu-94.4 "okudla kwasolwandle," akhuphuka asuka ezigidini ezingu-91.1 ngonyaka owodwa (imboni ayilinganisi ngabantu abafuywayo kodwa ngamathani omkhiqizo, okubonisa ukuthi ikwazisa kancane izilwane).
Ukuqiniswa okuqhubekayo kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zasemanzini kuwuphawu olukhathazayo lwezinto ezizayo embonini ye-octopus esafufusa, okungenzeka ikhule kanye nesidingo.
Ngezansi kunezizathu ezinhlanu zokuthi kungani ukulima kwengwane kungafanele kwenzeke—nokuthi ungasiza kanjani ukukuvimba ukuthi kungenzeki.
Ipulazi elihlongozwe umkhiqizi wezilwane zasolwandle uNueva Pescanova, lapho bekuzohlatshwa khona amangwane ayisigidi unyaka ngamunye, selidale isikhalo emhlabeni wonke mayelana nokukhathazeka ngenhlalakahle yezilwane phakathi kwabameli nososayensi ngokufanayo. Khumbula, leli ipulazi elilodwa nje elihlongozwayo. Uma imboni ye-octopus iqhubeka idlondlobala njengoba nayo yonke eminye yezolimo yezilwane, izigidi ezengeziwe zama-octopus cishe zizohlupheka futhi zife.
Njengoba ngokuvamile eyedwa futhi ehlala ekujuleni kolwandle okumnyama, ama-octopus ayebekezelela indawo engeyona eyemvelo emapulazini anamandla ekukhanyeni okuqinile nasemathangeni aminyene .
Ngenxa yengcindezi, ukulimala, kanye nokuba sengozini kwezifo, cishe uhhafu wezingwane ezifuywayo ziyafa ngaphambi kokuthi zikwazi nokuhlatshwa . Labo ababulawelwa ukudla bafa ngezindlela eziningi eziphikisanayo, ezihlanganisa ukuzibhuquza emakhanda, ukusikwa ezingqondweni, noma—njengoba kuye kwasikiselwa iNueva Pescanova—ukubaqandisa ngamanzi abandayo “i-ice slurry,” okunciphisa ukufa kwabo ekugcineni.
Ngokuthusayo, naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwawo okwandayo ocwaningweni nasekulimeni, ama-octopus awavikelekile ngaphansi kwe- Animal Welfare Act , okushiya abakhiqizi abaqhutshwa inzuzo ukuba bawaphathe ngendlela abakhetha ngayo.
Ocwaningweni lwango-2022 , abacwaningi baphetha ngokuthi ama-octopus "anesimiso sezinzwa esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, esithuthukisiwe" nokuthi indawo eyisithunjwa entula ukucebisa, njengepulazi, ingase ibangele ukuba babonise ukuziphatha kokucindezeleka. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukugijima endaweni evalekile yethangi labo, okungase kubangele ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba. Ukucindezeleka kungaholela nasekudleni abantu, okubangela cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yokufa emapulazini engwane .
Kalula nje, ithangi alihlinzeki ngemvelo ecebisayo, eguquguqukayo efanelekile futhi eyidingayo ama-octopus. Ziyizidalwa ezifuna ukwazi futhi ezihlakaniphile, ezibonise ikhono lokuxazulula izindida futhi, njengezimfene, zisebenzisa amathuluzi .
Impilo yokuthunjwa eyisicefe ingaholela lezi zilwane ezingenamgogodla eziguquguqukayo zenze ukubaleka okucishe kungenzeki. Kuke kwaba namacala abhaliwe emhlabeni wonke ama-octopus aphuma ethangini lawo futhi ancinda ezindaweni eziqine kakhulu ukuze afinyelele inkululeko. Emapulazini ezilwane zasemanzini, izilwane ezibalekayo zingaletha izifo emanzini azungezile (njengoba sizoxoxa kabanzi ngezansi).
Ngo-2019, abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseNew York bathola ukuthi imithelela yemvelo yokulima ingwane “izofinyelela kude futhi ibe yingozi .” Umbhali oholayo uDkt. Jennifer Jacquet wabhala, “Ingwane ekhiqiza ngobuningi izophinda amaphutha amaningi afanayo esawenza emhlabeni mayelana nemithelela ephezulu yemvelo nenhlalakahle yezilwane , futhi kube kubi ngandlela thize ngoba kufanele sondle ingwane ezinye izilwane.”
Lolu cwaningo luphinde lwaphetha ngokuthi ukulima ingwane kuzokhiqiza “amazinga aphezulu e-nitrogen ne-phosphorus ekudleni okungadliwa kanye nendle,” okungenzeka kube nomthelela ekuncipheni komoya-mpilo olwandle, okubangela ukuthi izindawo ezingenakuphila, ezaziwa ngokuthi “izindawo ezifile.”
Njengamapulazi amafekthri asemhlabeni, amapulazi ezinhlanzi asebenzisa amanani amakhulu emithi elwa namagciwane emzamweni wokulawula izifo, ezisakazeka kalula ezindaweni zazo eziminyene futhi ezigcwele imfucuza. Lokhu kungaholela emagciwaneni amelana nama-antibiotic angena ezindaweni ezizungezile futhi asongela izilwane zasendle kanye nabantu.
Uma leli bhaktheriya lithola indlela yalo lisuka emapulazini ezinhlanzi noma e-octopus liya olwandle nakweminye imizila yamanzi, lingaba nomthelela empilweni yomphakathi lapho kakade sesibhekene nosongo lwezempilo olukhulayo lomhlaba wonke oluvela kumagciwane amelana nokwelashwa .
Ama-octopus nawo angase abe nezifo ze-zoonotic, kanti amanye asetshenziswa ezindaweni zokucwaninga kuye kwatholakala ukuthi anekholera , ehlasela nabantu. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi izifo ezithathelwanayo ezintathu kwezine ezintsha zivela ezilwaneni, ukulima kwasefekthri nolunye uhlobo kuyisinqumo esiyingozi.
emhlabeni wonke kuyehla kanye nenani lama-octopus, kodwa njengoba sibonile kwezinye izindawo ekulimeni kwezilwane zasemanzini, ukulima akusona isixazululo ekudobeni ngokweqile kwezilwane zasolwandle.
Njengama-salmon, ama-octopus ayizilwane ezidla inyama, ngakho ukuwafuya kudinga ukuwondla ezinye izilwane, okufaka ingcindezi eyengeziwe ezinhlotsheni ezithathwe olwandle ukuze zithole ukudla kwezilwane. Kuthatha cishe amakhilogremu amathathu ezinhlanzi ukukhiqiza ikhilogremu eyodwa ye-salmon , futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuzodinga lokhu kuguqulwa kwamaprotheni angasebenzi kahle ukuze kukhiqizwe iphawundi elilodwa lenyama yengwane .
Embikweni wango -2023 , i-Aquatic Life Institute yabhala, “Ubufakazi obuningi obuqoqwe emhlabeni wonke bubonise ukuthi ukulima ngokujulile ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezidla inyama, njenge [s]almon, [kubangele] ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo nokubi kwezinhlobo zasendle ezihlobene nazo ngenxa ye amagciwane, ukuncintisana, ukungalungi kwezakhi zofuzo, nezinye izici eziningi. Kunokukhathazeka okukhulu ngokuthi amapulazi e-cephalopod angabangela umthelela ofanayo kubantu asebevele besengozini kanye nokuncipha kwezibalo zama-cephalopod zasendle.”
Okubalulekile ukuthi ama-octopus ayizilwane eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezihlakaniphile ezichuma ekujuleni nasekukhululekeni kolwandle. Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke baxwayisa ngokuthi ukulima ngokujulile kwalawa ma-cephalopod kuzolimaza inhlalakahle yawo kanye nendawo esihlala ndawonye ngayo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nemizamo yeFarm Sanctuary yokumela octopus nezinye izilwane zasemanzini ezifuywe.
Ungenza ingxenye yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulima ingwane akwenzeki, futhi! Uma uhlala e-California, ungathatha isinyathelo njengamanje ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukulima ingwane akubeki unyawo e-Golden State! Umthetho Wokuphikisa Unya Octopus (OCTO) uzovimbela ukufuywa kwama-octopus kanye nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo ye-octopus efuywayo e-California-futhi lo mthetho obalulekile usanda kuphasisa ngazwi linye iKomidi leSigele Lezemvelo! Manje, kukuSenethi yezwe ukuthi isebenzise uMthetho we-OCTO.
Izakhamuzi zaseCalifornia: Thatha isinyathelo Manje
Thumela i-imeyili noma ushayele iSenator yesifunda sakho namuhla futhi ubanxuse ukuthi basekele i-AB 3162, uMthetho Wokuphikisa Unya Kuma-Octopus (OCTO). Zitholele ukuthi ubani uSenatha wakho wase-California lapha futhi uthole imininingwane yakhe yokuxhumana lapha . Zizwe ukhululekile ukusebenzisa imilayezo yethu ephakanyisiwe engezansi:
“Njengelungu lenu, ngiyaninxusa ukuthi nisekele i-AB 3162 ukuze nimelane nokufuywa kwengwane emanzini aseCalifornia. Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi ukulima ingwane kungabangela izigidi zamangwane azwelayo ahlupheke futhi kubangele umonakalo omkhulu olwandle lwethu, oseluvele lubhekene nomthelela omubi wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukudoba, kanye nezilwane zasemanzini. Ngiyabonga ngokucabangisisa kwakho.”
Futhi, ungathatha isenzo noma ngabe ukuphi. Buka idokhumentari ehlonishwayo ethi I-My Octopus Teacher ku-Netflix bese ucela abangani ukuthi bakujoyine ekuyiboneni. Le filimu ikhuthaze abaningi ukuba babone ukujula kokuphila kwangaphakathi kwama-octopus—futhi ungasiza ekuqhubekiseni lowo mfutho walezi zilwane ezimangalisayo.
Ungenza umehluko njalo uma ujabulela ukudla kwe-vegan. Indlela elula nephumelelayo yokweseka zonke izilwane ezisetshenziselwa ukudla ukukhetha ukungazidli.
ISAZISO: Lokhu okuqukethwe bekuqale kushicilelwe ku-FarmSancTanTraither.org futhi kungahle kungabonisi imibono ye Humane Foundation.
