Imboni yenyama neyababi kade yaba yisihloko esiphikisayo, izimpikiswano ezikhangayo phezu komthelela wayo emvelweni, inhlalonhlala kahle yezilwane kanye nempilo yabantu. Ngenkathi ingenakuphikwa ukuthi inyama nemikhiqizo yobisi idlala indima ebalulekile ekudleni nasezomnotho, isidingo esandayo sale mikhiqizo siphakamise ukukhathazeka ngemiphumela yokusebenza kwawo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezolimo efektri, ukwelashwa okungabazekayo kwezilwane, kanye nokuncipha kwezinsizakusebenza zemvelo konke sekubizelwe kumbuzo, okuholela enkundleni yokuziphatha kubathengi kanye nalombo imboni. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ama-dilem ahlukahlukene wokuziphatha azungeze imboni yenyama nowamabisi, adonsele ebudlelwaneni obunzima phakathi kokukhiqizwa kokudla, izimiso zokuziphatha kanye nokusimama. Kusuka ezinhlotsheni zenhlala-kahle yezilwane, umthelela wezemvelo, kanye nempilo yabantu, sizohlola izingqinamba ezibalulekile nokucatshangelwa kokuziphatha okusenhliziyweni yale mpikiswano yemboni. Kubalulekile ukuqonda nokubhekana nalezi zinselelo zokuziphatha ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngokusetshenziswa kwethu kokudla futhi uqinisekise ikusasa elizinzile kakhulu kubo bonke.
Inhlalakahle yezilwane efemini efektri
Ukulima ifektri sekuyisikhathi eside kuyisihloko sengxoxo mpikiswano nokukhathazeka uma kuziwa enhlalakahleni yezilwane. Ngomgomo wokukhulisa umkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa izindleko, izilwane emapulazini efektri zivame ukuphathwa ngaphansi kwezimo eziminyene futhi ezingezinhle, ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe ekuziphatheni kwemvelo, kanye nokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwama-antibiosoone nama-hormone. Le mikhuba yaphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha ngenhlala-kahle yezilwane nemiphumela yesikhathi eside empilweni yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugxila kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle nasenzuzo kwesinye isikhathi kubangela ukunganakwa kwezidingo zezilwane ngazinye kanye nokubekwa phambili kokukhiqizwa kwabantu abaningi ngenhlalonhle yezilwane.
Umthelela wezemvelo wokukhiqizwa kwenyama
Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama, ikakhulukazi ngemikhuba yezimboni ebanzi, kunomthelela obalulekile wezemvelo. Isidingo esiphakeme senyama siholele ekuqothulweni kwamahlathi, njengoba izindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba zisulwa ukuze zifuneke amadlelo emfuyo kanye nokudla izilimo. Lokhu kudukelwa kwamahlathi kunomthelela ekulahlekelweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokukhishwa kwamanani amakhulu e-carbon dioxide emkhathini. Ngokwengeziwe, imboni yenyama ingumthelela omkhulu ekuphumeni kwamagesi abamba ukushisa, nge-accounting yemfuyo yengxenye ebalulekile yokukhishwa kwe-methane, igesi enamandla yokuvikela ukushisa. Ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwezinsizakusebenza zamanzi ekukhiqizeni inyama, kusuka ekugqumeni izilimo okuphakelayo ekuhlinzekeni izilwane ngamanzi okuphuza, okuthe xaxa kunezinto ezifuywayo ezifuywayo ezifundeni eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugibela kusuka emapulazini, okuqukethe izakhi zomzimba ngokweqile kanye nokungcola kwezilwane, kungcolisa imigwaqo yamanzi futhi kunomthelela ekwakhekeni kwe-algal blooms elimazayo. Ukubona umthelela wezemvelo wokukhiqizwa kwenyama kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ezinye izindlela ezizinzileyo nezemvelo.
Ukuphakama kwezindlela ezisekelwe kwizitshalo
Njengoba ukuqwashisa kwabathengi komthelela wemvelo wenyama nokukhiqizwa kobisi kukhula, kube nokunyuka okukhulu ekuthandweni kwezindlela ezisetshenziselwa izitshalo. Lezi ezinye izindlela, njengokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, ubisi olungenazobisi, kanye noshizi we-vegan, nikeza ukukhetha okuzinzile nokuziphatha kwabantu abafuna ukunciphisa ukuncika kwabo emikhiqizweni yezilwane. Hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi ezinye izindlela ezenzelwe izitshalo zidinga izinsizakusebenza zemvelo ezimbalwa ukukhiqiza, kodwa futhi zinesipikili esiphansi sekhabhoni ngokuqhathaniswa nenyama yendabuko nemikhiqizo yobisi. Lokhu kuguqukela kubhekise ezingxenyeni ezisuselwa kwizitshalo akugcini nje ngokukhathazeka kwemvelo kodwa nangesidingo esandayo sokukhethwa okunempilo nokuziphatha okuhle. Ngenxa yalokhu, sifakaza ukwanda kwemakethe embonini esekwe ezitshalweni, kanti izinkampani eziningi zitshala imali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukiseni ukudala ezinye izindlela ezisuselwa kwizitshalo ezihehayo ezikhangayo kubathengi abahlukahlukene. Lokhu kukhuphuka kwezitshalo ezisuselwa kwizitshalo kukhombisa ukunyakaza okukhulayo ekukhetheni okuzinzile futhi okunozwela ohlelweni lwethu lokudla.
Ukukhathazeka ngempilo ezungeze ukusetshenziswa kwenyama
Ukukhathazeka okuningi kwezempilo kuhlotshaniswe nokusetshenziswa kwenyama. Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi inyama ebomvu futhi ecubunguliwe ingakhulisa ubungozi bezimo zezempilo ezahlukahlukene, kubandakanya isifo senhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, nokukhuluphala. Lezi zingozi ngokuyinhloko zibangelwa kakhulu kumafutha aphezulu agcwele amafutha nokuqukethwe kwe-cholesterol yemikhiqizo yenyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyama esetshenzisiwe ivame ukuqukethe izithasiselo eziyingozi, ezinjenge-nitrate nama-nitrites, ezixhumene nengozi eyandayo yemidladlana ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotics nama-hormone emikhubeni yokulima imfucumfucu kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka mayelana nokudluliswa okungaba khona kwalezi zinto kubathengi, kufaka isandla ekumelaneni nama-antibiotic kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal. Ngenxa yalokhu, abantu abathile bayaqhubeka nokubheka ezinye izinqumo zokudla ezibeka phambili imithombo esekwe ezitshalweni yamaprotheni, ahlotshaniswe nezinzuzo ezahlukahlukene zezempilo, kubandakanya nengozi encishisiwe yezifo ezingamahlalakhona.
Ukucatshangelwa kokuziphatha kokukhiqizwa kobisi
Ukucatshangelwa kokuziphatha kokukhiqizwa kobisi kuhlanganisa uhla lwezinto ezikhathazayo maqondana nenhlalonhle yezilwane, umthelela wezemvelo kanye nokusimama. Embonini yobisi, kunemibuzo ezungeze ukwelashwa kwezinkomo, ikakhulukazi maqondana nemikhuba yokuboshwa kanye nokwehlukaniswa kwamathole kunina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwama-hormone nama-antibiotic epulazini lobisi kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngemiphumela yezempilo engaba khona kuzo zombili izilwane nakubathengi. Ngokombono wezemvelo, ukukhiqizwa kobisi kunomthelela ekuphumeni kwamagesi abamba ukushisa, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, kanye nokuqothulwa kwamahlathi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa komhlaba kwezilimo okuphakelayo. Lapho abathengi beqaphela kakhudlwana kulokhu kucatshangelwa kokuziphatha okuhle, kunesidingo esikhulayo sobala kanye nemikhuba ebhekele embonini yobisi, okuholela ekutheni kube nentshisekelo ekhuphukayo kwezinye izindlela zokwakha izitshalo nezindlela zokulima zobisi bezitshalo.
Isibopho somuntu siqu njengomthengi
Abathengi nabo banendima ebalulekile okufanele bayidlale ekubhekaneni nezinkinga zokuziphatha zemboni yenyama neyababisi. Isibopho somuntu siqu njengoba umthengi kuhlanganisa ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi afune ngenkuthalo imikhiqizo evumelana namanani wokuziphatha. Lokhu kungafaka ukunikezela ngemikhiqizo emapulazini abeka phambili izilwane zezenhlalakahle, izindlela ezizinzile zokulima, kanye namaketanga okunikeza okusobala. Ngokucwaninga nokusekela izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yokuziphatha okuhle futhi ezinzile, abathengi bangathumela umyalezo onamandla embonini lelo hlobo olubalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunciphisa inyama kanye nokudla kobisi noma ukubheka ezinye izindlela zokuthola izitshalo kungaba nomthelela ohlelweni lokudla oluzinzile futhi olunozwela. Ekugcineni, isibopho somuntu siqu njengoba umthengi amandla anika amandla abantu ukuthi enze umthelela omuhle futhi aqaphele imiphumela yokuziphatha kwezinqumo zabo zokuthenga embonini yenyama neyababisi.
Ekuphetheni, imboni yenyama neyabisi iveza inkinga eyinkimbinkimbi yokuziphatha engenakunakwa. Ukusuka ekwelashweni kwezilwane emthonjeni emvelweni nasempilweni yabantu, kunezici eziningi okufanele zicatshangelwe. Njengabathengi, kubalulekile ukuzifundisa futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ngemikhiqizo esisekelayo. Futhi njengomkhakha, kunesibopho sokubeka phambili imikhuba yokuziphatha okuhle futhi usebenze ezindleleni ezizinzile nezinobuntu.
FAQ
Yikuphi ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko okuphathelene nenyama nemikhakha yobisi?
Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko okuphathelene nenyama nemikhakha yobisi kufaka phakathi inhlalakahle yezilwane, umthelela wezemvelo, kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Izilwane ezikhuliswe ngokudla zivame ukubhekana nezimo nezinqubo ezinobudlova, njengokuvalelwa, ukudideka, kanye nokwehlukanisa kusenesikhathi okuvela kwabancane babo. Isisekelo semvelo yezemvelo semboni sibalulekile, ngokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi abamba ukushisa kube nokuphuma ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi kuhlobene nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene zezempilo, kubandakanya nezifo zenhliziyo kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Lezi zinto ezikhathazayo ziye zayala ukuthi zidinga ezinye izindlela ezizinzile nezinomusa ngokwenyama yendabuko nokukhiqizwa kobisi.
Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi imikhuba yokulima efektri ifaka kanjani inkinga ekulimazeni inkinga yenyama nemikhakha yobisi?
Izindlela zokulima ezolimo zefektri zinomthelela enkingeni yokuziphatha embonini yenyama kanye nobisi ngokukhulisa ukukhathazeka ngenhlalonhle yezilwane. Izilwane zivame ukuvalelwa ezikhaleni ezincane, ezigcwele kakhulu, ezingaholela ezindabeni zezempilo kanye nokuxineka. Ziyabhekwa futhi nemikhuba efana nokukhohlakala, umsila we-docking, kanye nokucindezela ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulima efektri kunomthelela ezinkingeni zemvelo njengokungcoliswa nokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Isidingo esiphakeme semikhiqizo yenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi futhi sishayela isidingo sezindlela ezinzima zokulima, zikhulisa ezinye izinkinga zokuziphatha.
Yimiphi imiphumela engaba khona yemvelo yemboni yenyama neyababi, futhi lokhu kulithinta kanjani ukucatshangelwa kokuziphatha?
Imboni yenyama neyababi inemiphumela ebalulekile yezemvelo, kufaka phakathi ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuphuma kwegesi abamba ukushisa, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, kanye nokulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Le misebenzi ifaka isandla ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu, ukubhujiswa kwendawo yokuhlala, nokuncipha kwemithombo yezemvelo. Ngokombono wokuziphatha okuhle, le miphumela iphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngenhlala-kahle yezilwane, kanye nokusimama kanye nokulingana kohlelo lwethu lokukhiqiza lokudla. Izindlela ezijulile zokulima ezisetshenziswe kule mboni zivame ukubekela inzuzo ngenhlalo yenhlalakahle yezilwane, engqubuzana nokucatshangelwa kokuziphatha kobubele nobulungiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithelela yemvelo yale mboni ithinta kahle imiphakathi ebekelwe amathuba kanye nezizukulwane ezizayo, kwandisa ukungalingani kwezenhlalo kanye nokuhlangana.
Ingabe ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha kwendlela yenyama neyababi kungahle kubhekwane nemikhuba yokulima ehlukile njengokulima ama-organic noma ezinye izindlela ezisuselwa kwizitshalo?
Yebo, ezinye izindlela zokulima ezifana nokulima okuphathekayo nezindlela ezisetshenziselwa izitshalo zingabhekana nezinye izinkathazo zokuziphatha ezihambisana ne-nyama nobisi imboni. Ukulima okuphathekayo kuthuthukisa ukwelashwa kwezilwane okwengeziwe ngokuqiniseka ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi banokuthola amadlelo futhi abanakwa ama-hormone noma ama-antibiotics. Ezinye izindlela ezenzelwe izitshalo ziqeda isidingo sokuxhashazwa kwezilwane ngokuphelele, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka okuhlobene nenhlalonhle yezilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwamukela le mikhuba nakho kungabhekana nezinkinga zemvelo ezihambisana ne-nyama kanye nobisi imboni, njengokugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi abamba ukushisa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwamukela ukuthi kungenzeka kube nezinye izinkathazo zokuziphatha ezidinga ukubhekelwa ngaphakathi kohlelo lokudla olubanzi.
Ngabe izinqumo zabathengi kanye nokuthenga kwabasebenzi zithinta kanjani inkinga yokuziphatha kwenyama nemboni yobisi?
Izinketho zabathengi nemikhuba yokuthenga zinomthelela omkhulu kwinkinga yokuziphatha kwenyama yomkhakha wenyama nowabisi. Ngokukhetha ukuthenga imikhiqizo emithonjeni ebeka phambili inhlala-kahle yezilwane kanye nezindlela ezinzile, abathengi bangasiza ekunciphiseni isidingo sokulima efektri futhi bakhuthaze imikhuba yokuziphatha okuhle embonini. Ngokwengeziwe, abathengi bangakhetha ezinye izindlela ezisuselwa kwizitshalo, benciphisa ukuthembeka kwabo emikhiqizweni yezilwane bese benciphisa umthelela wezemvelo. Ekugcineni, abathengi babambe amandla okushayela ushintsho embonini ngokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ezivumelanisa nezinkolelo zabo zokuziphatha.
