Ezolimo Zezilwane Nezimo Zesimo Sezulu: Ukwambula Izindleko Zemvelo Zokukhiqizwa Kwenyama

Zibone ngeso lengqondo uhlezi phansi ukuze uthole ukudla okumnandi, ujabulela njalo ukulunywa, lapho kungazelelwe uhlaselwa umcabango osangulukisayo: Kuthiwani uma ngingakutshela ukuthi kona kanye ukudla okudlayo kungase kube nomthelela ekubhujisweni kweplanethi yethu? Kuyiphilisi elinzima ukuligwinya, kodwa indima yokulima ngezilwane ekufudumaleni komhlaba ngokuvamile ayinakwa. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizongena emthelela ongenakuphikwa ezolimo zezilwane ekuguquguqukeni kwesimo sezulu futhi sihlole izixazululo ezisimeme zekusasa eliluhlaza.

Ukuqonda Iminikelo Yokulima Kwezilwane Ekufudumeni Kwembulunga yonke

Uma kukhulunywa ngokukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, ukulima kwezilwane kuyimbangela enkulu. Imfuyo, ikakhulukazi izinkomo, ikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-methane ne-nitrous oxide. Eqinisweni, i-methane ekhiqizwa imfuyo iphila isikhathi eside ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-28 kune-carbon dioxide (CO2) futhi iphumelela ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-25 ekubambeni ukushisa emkhathini. Lokhu kukodwa kubenza babe negalelo elikhulu ekukhuphukeni kokufudumala kwembulunga yonke.

Kodwa akugcini lapho. Ukulima kwezilwane nakho kuhlotshaniswa ngokuqondile nokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Izindawo eziwudedangendlale zamahlathi ziyagawulwa ukuze kwenziwe ukukhiqizwa kokudla kwemfuyo, njengobhontshisi wesoya noma ummbila. Lokhu kushintsha kokusetshenziswa komhlaba kukhipha inani elikhulu le-CO2 emkhathini futhi kucekele phansi amasinki ekhabhoni abalulekile, okubhebhethekisa umphumela we-greenhouse. Ukwengeza, isimo esijulile sokufuywa kwemfuyo sinomthelela ekulimazeni umhlabathi, kunciphisa amandla awo okuthatha ikhabhoni ngempumelelo.

Izinqubo zokusebenzisa amandla kanye nezinsiza zokulima kwezilwane nazo zinomthelela emvelweni. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngokweqile, okuhambisana nokunukubezeka okuphuma kumfucumfucu, kubangela usongo olukhulu emizimbeni yamanzi nasezinhlelweni zemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthwa kwemfuyo, ukudla, kanye nemikhiqizo yenyama kudla inqwaba yamafutha ezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi, okubuye kube nesandla ekukhiqizweni kwekhabhoni.

Umbono Womhlaba Wonke kanye Nemiphumela

Imiphumela yomhlaba wonke yokulima kwezilwane ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu ayinakushaywa indiva. Ngokukhula kwesidingo somhlaba wonke semikhiqizo esekelwe ezilwaneni, umkhondo wale mboni uyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ukukhiqizwa kwemfuyo kuyimbangela emangalisayo ye-14.5% yokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa emhlabeni wonke , isabelo esiphezulu kunawo wonke umkhakha wezokuthutha. Lesi sibalo esisangulukisayo sigqamisa isidingo esiphuthumayo sokubhekana nendima yokulima kwezilwane ekulweni nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulima kwezilwane kuhlobene eduze nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu. Ukudlondlobala kokufuywa kwemfuyo kuholele ekwandeni kokugawulwa kwamahlathi, okuphazamisa imvelo nokunomthelela ezinhlekeleleni ezihambisana nesimo sezulu, njengesomiso nezikhukhula. Lezi zigigaba nazo zithinta ukuvikeleka kokudla emhlabeni wonke njengoba izitshalo nemfuyo kusengozini, okuholela ekuswelekeni kokudla okungenzeka kanye nokuntengantenga kwentengo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela umthelela wezomnotho nezenhlalo wemboni futhi. Ukulima kwezilwane kudlala indima enkulu ekusekeleni izimpilo emiphakathini eminingi, kuhlinzeka ngemali engenayo kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko. Ukuguqukela ezenzweni zezolimo ezisimeme kakhulu kumele kwenziwe ngendlela ezogcina lezi zindlela zokuziphilisa, kuqinisekiswe uguquko olunobulungiswa nolulinganayo.

Izixazululo Ezisimeme Zekusasa Eliluhlaza

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi sinezixazululo ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokulima kwezilwane nokuvula indlela ebheke ekusaseni eliluhlaza.

Ukuzuza izinqubo zezolimo ezisimeme kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukusebenzisa i-agroecology kanye namasu okulima okuvuselela kabusha kungasiza ukubuyisela imvelo, ukukhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, kanye ne-sequester carbon. Izindlela zokulima ngokwemvelo, ngokugxila ekwandiseni impilo yenhlabathi kanye nokokufaka kwemvelo, zinikeza ezinye izindlela ezithembisayo kunemodeli evamile.

Ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwemfuyo jikelele kanye nokukhuthaza eminye imithombo yamaprotheni nakho kungenza umthelela omkhulu. Ukukhuthaza ukwamukelwa kokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuyindlela eyodwa, njengoba kunciphisa isidingo senyama. Ukwamukela inyama esekelwe kumaseli kanye namaprotheni ezinambuzane njengezinye izindlela kunesithembiso ekwehliseni indawo ezungezile yokulima kwezilwane kuyilapho kusahlinzeka ngokudla okucebile ngamaprotheni.

Asikwazi ukukushalazela ukubaluleka kokungenelela kwenqubomgomo kanye nokuqwashisa abathengi. Imithethonqubo eqinile kanye nokuqiniswa kwayo kuyadingeka ukuze ukulima kwezilwane kuphendule ngomthelela wako kwezemvelo. Ohulumeni kumele babeke eqhulwini izindlela zokulima ezisimeme futhi basekele ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kweminye imithombo yamaprotheni. Ngaleso sikhathi, abathengi badlala indima ebalulekile ekufuneni ukudla okuzinzile nokutholakala ngokuzibophezela ngokukhetha kwabo ukuthenga.

Ekuphetheni

Indima yokulima kwezilwane ekufudumaleni kwembulunga ayinakuphikiswa, futhi imiphumela yayo ifinyelela kude. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqonda ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwezolimo zezilwane nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, singasebenzela ukuthola izixazululo ezisimeme. Ukushintshela emikhubeni yokulima evuselelayo, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama, ukwamukela eminye imithombo yamaprotheni, kanye nokumela izinguquko zenqubomgomo kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile eziya ekusaseni eliluhlaza.

Ngokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi kanye noshintsho oludinga ngokuhlanganyela, singaqinisekisa ukuthi uthando lwethu lokudla okumnandi aluzitheli iplanethi yethu. Isikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo, usindise iplanethi, futhi usajabulela ukudla okunomsoco futhi okuqhubekayo.