Ukulima emafekthri, okubonakala ngokukhiqiza imfuyo eningi, sekuyinto evamile kwezolimo zesimanje. Nakuba iye yavumela ukwanda kokusebenza kahle kanye nenani lenyama, iza ngezindleko ezinkulu endaweni yethu, inhlalakahle yezilwane, ngisho nempilo yethu siqu. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizocubungula izindaba ezithinta ukulima kwasefekthri ukuze sikhanyisele amaqiniso avame ukufihlwa. Zilungiselele ukubuka konke okushaya kanzima.
Ukukhathazeka Kwemvelo
Imithelela yemvelo yabalimi basefekthri mikhulu futhi ifinyelela kude, inomthelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, kanye nokukhipha amagesi abamba ukushisa.
Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye Nokucekelwa phansi Kwendawo yokuhlala
Ukulima emafekthri kwenza kube nesidingo sezindawo zomhlaba ezithe chithi saka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemisebenzi emikhulu. Lokhu kufunwa kwendawo kuholela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, okubangela ukucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala futhi kusongela ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo nokuphila kwezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo. Ukulahleka kwesimiso semvelo semvelo akufanele kuthathwe kalula, njengoba kuphazamisa ibhalansi entekenteke yesimiso semvelo seplanethi yethu.
Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi
Enye yezinto eziphathelene kakhulu nemikhiqizo yamafekthri amafamu inani eleqile lemfucuza yezilwane ekhiqizwayo. Lawa mapulazi akhiqiza ubulongwe obuningi obumangalisayo, obungcolisa imithombo yamanzi ezungezile. Ukugeleza okuphuma kula mapulazi kuthwala amakhemikhali ayingozi nemisoco eyeqile iye emifuleni, emachibini nasezindaweni zokugcina amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ukungcola akugcini nje ngokubeka usongo olukhulu ezindaweni eziphila emanzini kodwa futhi kuthinta abantu abathembele emanzini ahlanzekile.
I-Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Igalelo lemboni yokufuya ekushiseni komhlaba kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu alinakuphikwa. Ukulima kwasefekthri kubangela ingxenye enkulu yokukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, okuhlanganisa isikhutha, i-methane, ne-nitrous oxide. I-methane ekhiqizwa izilwane ezelusayo, njengezinkomo nezimvu, inamandla kakhulu futhi inomthelela omubi emvelweni. Ushintsho emikhubeni yokulima lubalulekile ukuze sibeke umkhawulo emithonjeni yethu yekhabhoni.
Izinkinga Zezenhlalakahle Yezilwane
Ukuphathwa kwezilwane ngaphakathi kwemingcele yamapulazi efektri kuyisihloko esivusa impendulo eqinile yokuziphatha. Ukujula kwalokhu kusebenza kuholela ezinkingeni eziningi zenhlalakahle yezilwane ezingeke zishaywe indiva.
Ukuvalelwa kanye Nokuminyana
Amapulazi efekthri adume kabi ngokuvalela izilwane ezindaweni eziqinile ezinendawo encane yokunyakaza. Lokhu kugcwala akubangeli nje kuphela ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba kodwa futhi kuholela ekucindezelekeni okukhulu nokucindezeleka okungokwengqondo kwezilwane. Izimo zokuphila ezibavimbela ekuzibandakanyeni ekuziphatheni kwemvelo ziba nomthelela empilweni yabo yonke kanye nezinga lempilo.
Unya Nemikhuba Ehlukumezayo
Ngeshwa, ukulima kwasefekthri kuvame ukubandakanya imikhuba enonya ebeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kunenhlalakahle yezilwane. Izinqubo ezifana nezinkukhu ezixegayo, izingulube ezibamba umsila, noma ukunqanyulwa kwezindlebe kwezinkomo yizinto ezivamile. Le mikhuba ayidali nje kuphela ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka ngokushesha kodwa futhi iphakamisa imibuzo yokuziphatha mayelana nesibopho sethu njengabanakekeli balezi zilwane.
Ukuntuleka Kokunothisa Imvelo
Ukulima kwasefekthri kuncisha izilwane ukunothiswa kwemvelo futhi kwehluleke ukuzinikeza ukukhuthazwa okufanele ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba ezikudingayo. Banqatshelwe ukufinyelela emoyeni omusha, indawo yangaphandle, nezindawo zemvelo. Lokhu kuntuleka kokukhuthazwa nokuvalelwa endaweni eyinyumba, elawulwayo kunomthelela omubi empilweni yabo yengqondo kanye nempilo yonke.
Izingozi Zezempilo
Imiphumela emibi yokulima emafekthri idlulela ngalé kwemvelo nenhlalakahle yezilwane, ibeka engcupheni enkulu empilweni yomuntu kanye nokuphepha kokudla.
Ukumelana Namagciwane
Amapulazi efekthri avame ukuthembela ekusetshenzisweni okujwayelekile kwama-antibiotic ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqubuka kwezifo ezimeni eziminyene. Lo mkhuba unomthelela ekukhuleni kokungazweli ngama-antibiotic, njengoba amabhaktheriya ehlakulela ukungatheleleki emithini. Ukwanda kwezifo ezimelana nama-antibiotic akugcini nje ngokusongela ikhono lethu lokwelapha izifo ezivamile kodwa futhi kubeka engozini intuthuko yezokwelapha yesikhathi esizayo.
Ukuphepha Kokudla
Izimo zokungahlanzeki ezidlangile emapulazini ezimboni zidala ingozi enkulu yezifo ezitholakala ngokudla. Ukungcola kungenzeka ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene, kusukela endle yezilwane ngaphakathi emapulazini kuya ekucutshungulweni nasekusatshalalisweni kwenyama. Ukuqubuka kwangaphambilini kwe-salmonella, i-E. coli, nezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nokudla okuvela emapulazini emboni. Ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yokudla kwethu akunakuqinisekiswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo.
Ukukhathazeka Kwezempilo Yomphakathi
Ukuba khona okukhulu kwezilwane kanye nemfucuza yazo emapulazini efektri nakho kwandisa amathuba okudluliselwa kwezifo ze-zoonotic. Izifo zingasakazeka zisuka ezilwaneni ziye kubasebenzi nasemiphakathini eseduze. Imiphumela engaba khona empilweni yomphakathi mikhulu, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kube nezifo ezintsha neziyingozi ezivela kulezi zindawo. Njengoba sibona imithelela ebhubhisayo yobhubhane lomhlaba wonke, kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi izindlela zokulima zasefekthri zinomthelela kanjani ezingozini ezinjalo.
Isiphetho
Izingqinamba ezithinta ukulima kwamafekthri ziyakhathaza ngokungenakuphikwa, ziphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngendawo ezungezile, inhlalakahle yezilwane, nempilo yomphakathi. Ngokucabangela amaqiniso anzima ale mboni, singenza izinqumo ezinolwazi njengabathengi futhi sikhuthaze ezinye izindlela ezisimeme nezinokuziphatha.
Njengabathengi, sinamandla amakhulu ekwakheni ikusasa lezinhlelo zethu zokudla. Ukweseka abakhiqizi bendawo, abaphilayo, nabakhululekile, ukuzibandakanya ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni, kanye nokumela imithetho eqinile kuyizinyathelo ezincane kodwa eziphusile eziholela ekushintsheni okuhle. Ngokubhekana nezinkinga ezihambisana nokulima kwasefekthri, singasebenzela ikusasa elinozwelo, elizinzile, nelinempilo kubo bonke.
