Umjaho wamahhashi, ovame ukubungazwa njengomdlalo ohlonishwayo nojabulisayo, ufihla iqiniso elibuhlungu nelicindezelayo. Ngemuva kwenkundla yenjabulo nokuncintisana kukhona umhlaba ogcwele unya lwezilwane olujulile, lapho amahhashi aphoqeleka khona ukugijima ngaphansi kokucindezelwa, eqhutshwa abantu abaxhaphaza umzwelo wabo ongokwemvelo wokuphila. Lesi sihloko esithi, “Iqiniso Ngokugijinyelwa Amahhashi,” sifuna ukwembula unya olusekelwe kulo mdlalo okuthiwa, sikhanyisele ukuhlupheka okubekezelelwa izigidi zamahhashi futhi sikhuthaza ukuqedwa kwawo ngokuphelele.
Igama elithi “umjaho wamahhashi” ngokwalo libonisa umlando omude wokuxhashazwa kwezilwane, ngokufanayo neminye imidlalo yegazi efana nokulwa namaqhude nokulwa nezinkunzi. Naphezu kwentuthuko ezindleleni zokuqeqesha phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, imvelo ewumgogodla yomjaho wamahhashi ayishintshile: kuwumkhuba ononya ophoqelela amahhashi ukuba abe ngaphezu kwemingcele yawo engokomzimba, ngokuvamile okuholela ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu nokufa. Amahhashi, aguquke ngokwemvelo ukuze azulazule ngokukhululeka emihlambini, ayavalelwa futhi asetshenziswe ngempoqo, okuholela ekucindezelekeni okukhulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
Imboni yemijaho yamahhashi, echumayo ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, ibhebhethekisa lesi sihluku esicatshangelwa ezemidlalo nokuzijabulisa. Naphezu kwemali eningi eliyitholayo, izindleko zangempela zithwalwa amahhashi, ahlushwa ukuqeqeshwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuhlukaniswa ngempoqo nonina, kanye nosongo oluqhubekayo lokulimala nokufa. Ukuthembela kwale mboni ezidakamizweni ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kwezidakamizwa nasekuzaleni ngendlela engafanele kubhebhethekisa usizi lwalezi zilwane.
Ngokugqamisa izibalo ezibuhlungu zokushona nokulimala kwamahhashi, lesi sihloko sidalula izinkinga ezibanzi zesistimu ngaphakathi komkhakha wemijaho yamahhashi.
Kudingeka ukuba kuhlolwe kabusha imikhuba yomphakathi ebekezelela unya olunjalo futhi ikhuthaze ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kwemijaho yamahhashi, kunokuba kube nezinguquko nje. Ngalokhu kuhlola, i-athikili ihlose ukuvusa umnyakazo wokuqeda lo mkhuba ononya unomphela. Umjaho wamahhashi, ovame ukutuswa njengomdlalo ophambili, uphethe iqiniso elimnyama nelikhathazayo. Ngaphansi kwesimo sesasasa nokuncintisana kukhona umhlaba ononya olukhulu lwezilwane, lapho amahhashi aphoqeleka ukuba agijime ngokwesaba, eqhutshwa abantu abasebenzisa amandla abo emvelo ukuze baphile. Lesi sihloko esithi, “Indaba Yangempela Engemuva Kokugijinyelwa Kwehhashi,” sijula sijula ngonya lwemvelo lwalo mdlalo obizwa ngokuthi, siveza ukuhlupheka okubekezelelwe izigidi zamahhashi nokuphikisana ngokuqedwa kwawo ngokuphelele.
Igama elithi “umjaho wamahhashi” ngokwalo liyinkomba yokuhlukunyezwa osekunesikhathi eside kwenzeka, njengeminye imidlalo yegazi efana ukulwa nezinkunzi. Lesi sibizo segama elilodwa sigcizelela ukwenziwa kokujwayelekile kokuxhashazwa kwezilwane okugxiliswe emlandweni wesintu. Naphezu kokuvela kwezindlela zokuqeqesha phakathi nenkulungwane yeminyaka, imvelo eyisisekelo yemijaho yamahhashi ayishintshile: kuwumkhuba ononya uphusha amahhashi ngaphezu komkhawulo wawo womzimba, ngokuvamile okuholela ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu nokufa.
Amahhashi, ngokwemvelo izilwane ezilusayo zavela ukuze zizulazule ezikhaleni ezivulekile, zibhekene nempilo yokuvalelwa kanye nomsebenzi ophoqelelwe. Kusukela lapho begqekezwa khona, imvelo yabo yemvelo icindezelwa ngokuphindaphindiwe “ngezifaniso ezidlayo,” okubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu futhi kubeke engcupheni inhlalakahle yabo. Ubunzima obungokomzimba bokuthwala umgibeli ongumuntu, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu. yomjaho, kuholela ezinkingeni eziningi zezempilo, okuhlanganisa izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi kanye nokuphazamiseka komgogodla.
Umkhakha wemijaho yamahhashi, ochumayo emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, uyaqhubeka ukuqhubekisela phambili lobu bubi ngaphansi kwesigubuzelo sezemidlalo nokuzijabulisa. Naphezu kwemali engenayo ephawulekayo etholiwe, izindleko zithwalwa amahhashi, ahlushwa ukuqeqeshwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuhlukaniswa ngempoqo komama bawo, kanye nosongo oluqhubekayo lokulimala nokufa. Ukuthembela komkhakha ezidakamizweni ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nezindlela zokuzalanisa ezingenasimilo kwandisa usizi lwalezi zilwane.
Lesi sihloko asigcini nje ngokugqamisa izibalo ezibuhlungu zokushona kwamahhashi nokulimala kodwa futhi sidalula izinkinga ezibanzi zesistimu ngaphakathi komkhakha wemijaho yamahhashi. Kudingeka ukuthi kuhlolwe kabusha imikhuba yomphakathi ebekezelela unya olunjalo futhi ikhuthaze ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kwemijaho yamahhashi, kunokuba kube nezinguquko nje. Ngokusikhanyisela ngobunjalo bangempela bomjaho wamahhashi, lesi sihloko sihlose ukuvusa umnyakazo wokuqeda lo mkhuba ononya unomphela.
Iqiniso ngomjaho wamahhashi wukuthi kuwuhlobo lokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane lapho amahhashi ephoqeleka ukuba agijime esaba nomuntu ewahlukumeza emhlane.
Igama selikutshela okuthile.
Uma unohlobo lwesilwane "ukusebenzisa" okuthi ngesiNgisi sekuyigama elilodwa (lapho igama lesilwane "lithunjiwe" ngegama elithi "ukusebenzisa"), uyazi ukuthi isenzo esinjalo kufanele kube uhlobo lokuhlukumeza. isikhathi eside. Sinempi yamaqhude, ukulwa nezinkunzi, i-foxhunting, kanye nokufuywa kwezinyosi njengezinye izibonelo zalesi simo se-lexicographic. Omunye umjaho wamahhashi. Ngeshwa, amahhashi aphoqelelwe ukugijima iminyaka eyinkulungwane, futhi igama elilodwa elivame ukusetshenziswa (hhayi njalo) libeka esigabeni esifanayo nesinye "imidlalo yegazi" ehlukumezayo.
Ukugijima kwamahhashi kuwumsebenzi ononya ofihlwe “njengomdlalo” obangela ukuhlupheka okukhulu ezigidini zamahhashi futhi ongenazo izizathu ezamukelekayo ekhulwini lama . Kuwuhlobo olunonya lokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane olubangela ukuhlupheka nokufa okubekezelelwe ngokuhlazisayo umphakathi ovamile. Lesi sihloko sizochaza ukuthi kungani kufanele siqedwe, hhayi nje ukulungiswa ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhlupheka okukubangelayo.
Umjaho Wamahhashi Uvela Ekugibeleni Amahhashi
Kungase kungabonakali kunoma ubani omelene nemijaho yamahhashi ukuthi umsebenzi onjalo ubungeke uthuthuke njengokuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane esikuthola namuhla ukube amahhashi awazange agitshelwe kwasekuqaleni.
Amahhashi ayizilwane ezifuywayo ezavela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-55 edlule ukuze zihlale namanye amahhashi amaningi ezindaweni ezivulekile, hhayi nabantu ezitebeleni. Ziyizilwane ezidla uhlaza eziyizisulu zemvelo zezilwane ezidla ezinye njengezimpisi futhi ziguqule uchungechunge lwezindlela zokuzivikela ukuze zigweme ukubanjwa. Okunye kwalokhu kuhlanganisa ukugijima ngokushesha okukhulu, ukukhahlela emuva ukuze uxoshe umhlaseli ongenayo, noma ukugxuma phezulu naphansi ukuze ukhiphe noma isiphi isisulu esivele sikuso.
Eminyakeni engaba ngu-5 000 edlule, abantu enkabeni ye-Asia baqala ukuthumba amahhashi asendle futhi bagxumele emhlane wabo. Ukusabela okungokwemvelo kokuba nabantu emihlane yabo kungaba ukubasusa njengoba ukuphila kwabo kungase kube sengozini. Ngisho nangemva kwayo yonke le minyaka yokufuywa ekhaya kukhiqiza izinhlobo eziningi zamahhashi ezidalwe ngokukhethwa kokwenziwa ehhashini lasendle elingasekho manje, lowo mqondo wokuzivikela usekhona. Wonke amahhashi asadinga ukugqekezwa ukuze abekezelele abantu emhlane wabo, njengoba kungenjalo, bebezowaphonsa ngaphandle - okuyilokho ama-rodeos "esitayela se-bronco" axhaphaza.
Inqubo yokugqekeza amahhashi ihloselwe ukuqeda ukusabela kwemvelo ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye ngokuphinda “izilingisa ezidla ezinye” kuze kube yilapho ihhashi libona lezi “zilwane ezizingelayo” (abantu) ziluma kuphela uma ujikela kwesokunxele lapho zifuna ukuya kwesokudla noma zithule lapho ngifuna ukuthi uye phambili ngesivinini esiqondile esiyalelwe ngaso. Futhi "ukulunywa" kwenzeka ngokomzimba ngokusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamadivayisi (kuhlanganise neziswebhu nama-spurs). Ngakho-ke, ukugqekeza amahhashi akuyona nje into embi ngoba umphumela wokugcina kuba ihhashi elilahlekelwe “ubuqotho” balo, kodwa futhi akulungile njengoba libangela ukucindezeleka ehhashini ngenkathi kwenziwa.
Labo abaqeqesha amahhashi namuhla bangase bangasebenzisi izindlela ezifanayo ncamashi ezazisetshenziswa esikhathini esidlule futhi bangase bathi abakwenzayo manje akuseyona ukuphula ihhashi, kodwa “ukuqeqeshwa okuthambile nokucashile “—noma ngisho nangokugabisa ukukubiza ngokuthi “isikole” - kodwa inhloso kanye nomphumela omubi kuyefana.
Ukugibela amahhashi kuvame ukubalimaza. Amahhashi ahlushwa izifo ezithile ngokuba nesisindo somuntu emhlane wawo - imizimba yawo engakaze iguquke ukuze izamukele. Isisindo somuntu ogibele ihhashi isikhathi eside sizophazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi ngokuvala ukugeleza kwegazi ngemuva, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kubangele ukulimala kwezicubu, okuvame ukuqala eduze nethambo. I-Kissing Spines Syndrome nayo iyinkinga ebangelwa ukugibela, lapho imisipha yomgogodla wehhashi iqala ukuthintana futhi ngezinye izikhathi ihlangana.
Amahhashi agibele ngezinye izikhathi ayawa ngenxa yokukhathala uma ephoqeleka ukuba agijime kakhulu noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezingafanele, noma angase awe futhi aphule izitho zawo, okuvame ukuholela ekubulaweni kwabo. Ezimweni zemvelo, amahhashi agijima ngaphandle kwabagibeli angase akwazi ukugwema izingozi ezingase zibangele ukulimala njengoba ngeke aphoqeleke ukuba ahambe ezindaweni ezinzima noma phezu kwezithiyo eziyingozi. Ukugqekeza amahhashi kungase futhi kwehlise imizwa yawo engokwemvelo yokuhlakanipha nokuqapha.
Zonke lezi zinkinga zenzeka ngokugibela amahhashi, kodwa uma ubheka imijaho yamahhashi kuphela, okungenye nje indlela yokugibela amahhashi okwedlulele osekuyiminyaka eyinkulungwane ( kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi imijaho yamahhashi yayivele yenzeka eGrisi lasendulo, eRoma lasendulo, eBhabhiloni, eSiriya. , Arabia, naseGibhithe), izinkinga ziba zimbi nakakhulu, ngoba amahhashi aphoqeleka ukuba afinyelele imingcele yawo engokomzimba kokubili “ekuziqeqesheni” naphakathi nemijaho.
Emjahweni wamahhashi, ubudlova busetshenziselwa ukuphoqelela amahhashi ukuba “asebenze” kangcono kunamanye amahhashi. Umzwelo wemvelo wamahhashi ukubalekela izilwane ezidla ezinye ngokugijima lapho engakwazi khona ngaphansi kokuphepha komhlambi wawo yilokho ojokhi abaxhaphazayo. Amahhashi awaqhudelani ngempela (awanandaba nokuthi ubani odla umhlanganiso), kodwa azama ukubalekela umhlaseli owaluma kakhulu. Yilokho okushiwo ukusetshenziswa kwesiswebhu ngujokhi, futhi sisetshenziswa ohlangothini olungemuva lwehhashi ukuze ihhashi ligijime liye kolunye uhlangothi. Ngeshwa lamahhashi, umhlaseli akasuki ngoba uboshelwa emhlane wawo, ngakho amahhashi alokhu egijima ngokushesha nangesivinini esingaphezu kwamandla awo angokwenyama. Ukugibela amahhashi kuyiphupho elibi emqondweni wehhashi (njengoba bekungaba ngomuntu ebalekela umhlukumezi onobudlova kodwa angakwazi ukumbalekela). Kuyiphupho elibi eliphindelelayo elilokhu lenzeka kaningi (futhi yingakho beqhubeka nokugijima umjaho nomjaho njengoba vele bake babhekana nakho ngaphambilini).
Imboni Yamahhashi
Umjaho wamahhashi usaqhubeka , ngokomthetho, emazweni amaningi, amaningi awo anemboni enkulu yokugijima amahhashi, njenge-USA, Canada, UK, Belgium, Czechia, France, Hungary, Ireland, Poland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa. , Mauritius, China, India, Japan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Malaysia, South Korea, United Arab Emirates, kanye ne-Argentina. Emazweni amaningana anemboni yomjaho wamahhashi, lokhu kwethulwa kubo ngamakholoni esikhathi esidlule (njenge-US, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Malaysia, njll.). Kunoma yiliphi izwe lapho ukugembula kusemthethweni, imboni yemijaho yamahhashi ngokuvamile inengxenye yokubheja, ekhiqiza imali eningi.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemijaho yamahhashi, okuhlanganisa ne-Flat racing (lapho amahhashi egabavula khona ngokuqondile phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili eduze komzila oqondile noma oyisiyingi); Umjaho we-Jump, owaziwa nangokuthi i-Steeplechasing noma, e-Great Britain nase-Ireland, umjaho we-National Hunt (lapho amahhashi egijima phezu kwezithiyo); Umjaho wamahhanisi (lapho amahhashi enyakaza noma egijima lapho edonsa umshayeli); I-Saddle Trotting (lapho amahhashi kufanele antweza khona ukusuka lapho aqala khona ukuya endaweni yokuqedela ngaphansi kwesihlalo sehhashi); kanye ne-Endurance racing (lapho amahhashi ehamba khona ezweni lonke amabanga amade kakhulu, ngokuvamile asukela kumakhilomitha angu-25 kuya kwangu-100. Izinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa imijaho eyisicaba zihlanganisa i-Quarter Horse, Thoroughbred, Arabian, Paint, ne-Appaloosa.
E-US, kunamathrekhi omjaho wamahhashi angu -143 ezifundazweni ezingu-33 ezahlukene, futhi izwe elinamathrekhi asebenza kakhulu yi-California (enamathrekhi angu-11). Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kunamathrekhi okuqeqesha angu-165 . Imboni yemijaho yamahhashi yase-US inenzuzo engu-£11 billion ngonyaka. I-Kentucky Derby, i-Arkansas Derby, i-Breeder's Cup kanye ne-Belmont Stakes yimicimbi yabo ebaluleke kakhulu.
Umjaho wamahhashi e-Great Britain ugcwele i-thoroughbred flat kanye nomjaho wokugxuma. E-UK, kusukela ngomhlaka-18 Ephreli 2024, kunezinkundla zomjaho ezisebenzayo ezingama-61 (ngaphandle kwezifundo ze-Point-to-Point ezisetshenziswa ukuzingela). Izinkundla zomjaho ezimbili zivaliwe ngekhulu lama , iFolkestone eKent naseTowcester eNorthamptonshire. Ayikho inkundla yomjaho esebenzayo eLondon. Inkundla yomjaho ehlonishwa kakhulu yinkundla yomjaho i-Aintree eMerseyside, lapho kwenzeka khona iGreat National. Yavulwa ngo-1829 futhi iqhutshwa yi-Jockey Club (inhlangano enkulu kunazo zonke yomjaho wamahhashi e-UK, ephethe izinkundla zomjaho ezidumile zaseBrithani eziyi-15), futhi ingumjaho wokukhuthazela lapho amahhashi angama-40 aphoqeleka khona ukuba agxume ezintangweni ezingama-30 ngokusebenzisa ezine- futhi-ikota yamamayela. Cishe amathole angu-13,000 azalelwa ezimbonini zemijaho ezisondelene zaseBrithani nase-Ireland unyaka ngamunye.
EFrance, kunezinkundla zomjaho ezingu-140 ezisetshenziselwa imijaho yohlobo oluphelele, futhi kunamahhashi angu-9,800 aqeqeshwayo. I-Australia inezinkundla zomjaho ezingu-400, kanti imicimbi nemijaho eyaziwa kakhulu yiSydney Golden Slipper kanye neMelbourne Cup. I-Japan izishaya isifuba ngemakethe yomjaho wamahhashi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngokwenani, enenzuzo engaphezu kwezigidigidi eziyi-16 zamaRandi ngonyaka.
I-International Federation of Horseracing Authorities yasungulwa ngo-1961 nango-1983 kodwa ngo-2024 ayinayo iWorld Horseracing Championship esemthethweni.
Imboni iye yaphonselwa inselelo yizinhlangano ezilwela amalungelo ezilwane emhlabeni wonke - ikakhulukazi e-UK - kodwa njengoba imijaho yamahhashi ihlala isemthethweni, iziphathimandla ziyaqhubeka nokuvikela lo msebenzi ononya. Isibonelo, ngomhla ziyi-15 kuMbasa wezi-2023, izishoshovu eziyi-118 zase-Animal Rising zaboshwa ngamaphoyisa aseMerseyside ngemizamo yazo yokuphazamisa i-Grand National enkundleni yomjaho wamahhashi i-Aintree. Ngomhla zingama-22 kuMbasa wezi-2023, izishoshovu ezingama-24 ze-Animal Rising zaboshwa eScottish Grand National e-Ayr, eScotland. Ngomhla zi-3 kuNhlangulana wezi-2023, kwaboshwa inqwaba yezishoshovu zamalungelo ezilwane mayelana nokuphazamiseka kwe- Epsom Derby , umjaho wamahhashi odumile owenziwa e-Epsom Downs Racecourse e-Surrey, e-England.
Amahhashi Alimale Futhi Abulawa Ekugibeleni Amahhashi
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokugibela amahhashi ezake zenzeka, imijaho yamahhashi ingeyesibili eye yabangela ukulimala nokufa okwengeziwe emahhashini - ngemva kokusebenzisa amahhashi agibele amahhashi ekulweni phakathi nezimpi - futhi mhlawumbe eyokuqala ekhulwini lama- 21 . Njengoba kuphela amahhashi asesimweni esikahle somzimba anethuba lokuwina umjaho, noma ikuphi ukulimala ihhashi elingase likwenze ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa noma emjahweni kungase kube isigwebo sentambo kumahhashi, angase abulawe (ngokuvamile adutshulwe emzileni ngokwawo) njengokusebenzisa imali. noma iyiphi imali yokubaphulukisa nokubagcina bephila uma bengeke bagijime yinto “abanikazi” bazo abangafuna ukuyenza kuphela uma befuna ukuyisebenzisela ukuzalanisa.
Ngokusho kwe- Horseracing Wrongs , inhlangano engenzi nzuzo ezibophezele ekuqedeni imboni yemijaho yamahhashi enonya nebulalayo e-United States, kusukela ngomhla ka-1 Januwari 2014 kuya ku-26 Ephreli 2024, isamba samahhashi angu-10,416 aqinisekisiwe abulawa emijahweni yamahhashi yase-US. Balinganisela ukuthi amahhashi angaphezu kuka-2,000 afa kumathrekhi ase-US njalo ngonyaka.
Kusukela mhla ziyi-13 kuNdasa wezi-2027, iwashi lewebhu le- horsedeathwatch , eliqhutshwa yiqembu laseBrithani elilwela amalungelo ezilwane i-Animal Aid, belilandelela ukushona kwamahhashi embonini yemijaho yamahhashi e-UK, futhi kuze kube manje selibale ukufa kwabantu abangama-2776 ezinsukwini eziyi-6,257. - Grand National yokuqala ngo-1839, kwafa amahhashi angaphezu kuka-80 phakathi nomjaho ngokwawo, cishe ingxenye yalokhu kufa kwenzeka phakathi kuka-2000 no-2012 . umjaho owalimala ngesikhathi egijima esigcawini, eminyakeni emibili ngemuva kokuthi i-Up for Review elahlekelwe impilo yakhe e-Aintree. E-Aintree kuphela, sekufe amahhashi angaphezu kuka-50 kusukela ngo-2000, kuhlanganise nayi-15 ngesikhathi se-Grand National ngokwayo. Ngo-2021 kwaba nokufa kwamahhashi angama-200 kulo lonke elaseBrithani. Izinguquko zenziwe kusukela ngo-2012, kodwa zenze umehluko omncane.
Iningi labantu abashonayo lenzeka emjahweni wokugxuma. I-Grand National ingumjaho oyingozi ngamabomu. Inkambu eminyene ngokuyingozi yamahhashi angu-40 iphoqeleka ukuthi ibhekane nokugxuma okuyinselele okungajwayelekile nokukhohlisayo okungu-30. Ukudla kwamahhashi amabili emjahweni omkhulu wehhashi we-Grand National womkhosi we-Aintree ngomhlaka -10 Ephreli 2022. U-Discorama ushone ngemuva kokudonswa elimele ngaphambi kothango lwe-13, kwathi u-Eclair Surf , omunye wezintandokazi zakuqala, washona ngemuva kokuwa kanzima ucingo lwesithathu. I-Cheltenham nayo iyinkundla yomjaho eyingozi. Kusukela ngo-2000, amahhashi angu-67 ashonile kulo mkhosi waminyaka yonke (angu-11 kuwo emhlanganweni ka-2006).
Ngomhla ziyi-11 kuNdasa wezi-2024, i-Animal Aid yabamba umlindelo ngaphandle kweminyango ye-British Horseracing Authority (BHA), kukhunjulwa amahhashi angu-175 abulawa ezinkundleni zomjaho waseBrithani ngo-2023. E-Ireland, okungenani amahhashi ayi-100 afa ngalowo nyaka. Amahhashi omjaho abulala kakhulu eBrithani ngo-2023 kwakunguLichfield nokufa kwabantu abayisishiyagalolunye, iSouyjfield nokufa kwabantu abayisishiyagalombili, kanye neDoncaster nokufa kwabantu abayisikhombisa.
E-Ontario, eCanada, uPeter Physick-Sheard, uprofesa osafufusa wemithi yabantu, wafunda ukufa kwamahhashi ayi-1,709 embonini yemijaho yamahhashi phakathi kuka-2003 no-2015, wathola ukuthi iningi labantu abashonile kudalwe “ ukulimala ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca ohlelweni lwemisipha yamahhashi. ”.
Noma yiliphi ihhashi elincane eliphile saka ngaphambilini lingafa kunoma iyiphi ithrekhi yomjaho emhlabeni. Ngomhla zi-3 kuNcwaba wezi-2023, uDanehill Song, ihhashi elineminyaka emi-3 ubudala, washona ngemuva kokugijima ngosuku lokuqala lwe- Wine Country Horse Racing e-Sonoma County Fair e-Santa Rosa, eCalifornia, e-US. Ihhashi lathatha isinyathelo esibi ngesikhathi lijaha endaweni enwetshiwe futhi labulawa kamuva. I-California Horse Racing Board ibhale imbangela yokufa kuka-Danehill Song njenge-musculoskeletal. I-Danehill Song bekuyihhashi lama-47 elabulawa ngesizini yomjaho yaseCalifornia ka-2023. Emahhashini angu-47 ashonile kulo nyaka, angu-23 ashonile aqoshwe njengokulimala kwemisipha, okuvame ukuholela ekudutshulweni kwamahhashi ngalokho abahleli abakubiza ngokuthi "izizathu zobubele". Ngomhla zizi-4 ku- Agasti 2023, elinye ihhashi lashona emjahweni womjaho waseDel Mar. Amahhashi amahlanu ashone e-Alameda County Fairgrounds ngoJuni nangoJulayi.
Ezinye Izinkinga Zezenhlalakahle Yezilwane Ekugibeleni Amahhashi
Kunezinye izinto ezingalungile ngemboni yemijaho yamahhashi ngaphandle kokufa nokulimala okubangelwa yikho ngokuqondile, kanye nokuhlupheka okuzuzwe njengefa kunoma yiziphi izimo zokugibela amahhashi. Ngokwesibonelo:
Ukwehlukana Ngempoqo . Imboni isusa amahhashi ewafulela ukugijima konina nemihlambi kusukela esemncane kakhulu, njengoba ebhekwa njengempahla ebalulekile yokuhwebelana. Zivamise ukuthengiswa zisencane, futhi cishe zizosetshenziswa embonini impilo yazo yonke.
Ukuqeqeshwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Amathambo amahhashi ayaqhubeka ekhula kuze kube yilapho eneminyaka eyisithupha ubudala, futhi ukuphakama kwamathambo emzimbeni, inqubo yokukhula ihamba kancane. Ngakho-ke, amathambo emgogodleni nasentanyeni awokugcina ukuqeda ukukhula. Kodwa-ke, amahhashi afuyelwe ukugijima, asevele ephoqeleka ukuba aziqeqeshe ngokujulile ezinyangeni ezingu-18 futhi agijime eneminyaka emibili ubudala, lapho amathambo awo amaningi engakakhuli ngokugcwele futhi esengozini. Amahhashi embonini aneminyaka emine, emithathu, noma emibili lapho efa abonisa izimo ezingapheli njenge-osteoarthritis kanye nesifo samalunga esiwohlokayo esibangelwa yile nkinga.
Ukuthunjwa . Amahhashi embonini yemijaho yamahhashi ngokuvamile agcinwa eyedwa ezitebeleni ezincane eziyi-12×12 amahora angaphezu kwama-23 ngosuku. Lezi zilwane ezihlala ngokwemvelo, ezifuywayo zihlale zincishwa ukuba phakathi kwamanye amahhashi, okuyilokho okufunwa umzwelo wazo. Ukuziphatha okungokwengqondo okuvame ukubonakala emahhashini athunjiwe, njengokuklebhula, ukuncelwa ngumoya, ukubhodla, ukuluka, ukumba, ukukhahlela, ngisho nokuzisika, kuvamile embonini. Ngaphandle kweshede lokuzalela, amahhashi agcinwa ehlukene nezinsikazi namanye amaduna, futhi lapho engahlaliswa esitebeleni sawo, avalelwe ngemva kothango oluphakeme.
I-Doping. Amahhashi asetshenziswa emijahweni kwesinye isikhathi ajovwa ngezidakamizwa ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, ezinomthelela wokufihla ukulimala kanye nokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Ngenxa yalokho, amahhashi angase azilimaze nakakhulu lapho engayeki ngoba awakuzwa ukulimala kwawo.
Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi. Amahhashi amaningi embonini yomjaho wamahhashi ayaphoqeleka ukuba azale, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ayathanda noma cha. Phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa yezinyanga eziyisithupha, amahhashi angenziwa ukuze amboze izimbila cishe nsuku zonke. Eminyakeni engaba ngu-30 edlule, ukukhwelana nezimbila eziwu-100 ngonyaka kwakuyivelakancane, kodwa manje sekuvamile ukuba amahhashi aphambili abe nezimbila ezingu-200 ezincwadini zawo zokuzalanisa. Ukuzalanisa ngokwenziwa nakho kuyasetshenziswa, ngisho ne -cloning . Ezinsikazi ezizalayo zingaphansi kwezidakamizwa kanye nezikhathi ezinde zokukhanya okwenziwa ukuze kulawulwe futhi kusheshiswe ukuzala. Izimbila zithutha endle ziba nethole elilodwa njalo eminyakeni emibili, kodwa imboni ingaphoqa izimbila ezinempilo nezivundile ukuba zikhiqize inkonyane minyaka yonke.
Hlaba. Amahhashi amaningi asetshenziswa emijahweni angabulawa ezilaheni uma egijima kancane ngenxa yobudala noma ukulimala. Kwamanye amazwe, inyama yawo izogcina isesimweni sokudla kwabantu , kanti kwamanye izinwele, isikhumba noma amathambo kungase kugcine kusetshenziselwa izinjongo ezihlukahlukene. Uma amahhashi engasakwazi ukugijima noma esethathwa ngokuthi awakufanele ukufuywa, asuke engasabalulekile embonini, engafuni ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa imali ukuwondla noma ukuwanakekela, abese echithwa.
Ziningi izinto ezingalungile mayelana nemijaho yamahhashi futhi kufanele ivalwe ngokuphelele, kodwa akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi uyini umsuka wenkinga. Izilwane eziziphethe kahle azifuni nje kuphela ukubona umjaho wamahhashi uqedwa kodwa ziyakuphikisa ngokuphelele ukugibela amahhashi ngoba kuwuhlobo lokuxhashazwa okungamukelekile. Ukugcina izilwane zithunjiwe, ukufaka izintambo emilonyeni yazo, ukugxuma emhlane wazo, futhi uziphoqelele ukuthi zikuthwale nomaphi lapho ufuna ukuya khona, akuyona into efanele eyenziwa yizilwane eziphila ngokuziphethe kahle. Uma amahhashi evumela abantu abathile ukuba bakwenze, kungenxa yokuthi umoya wabo “uphukile”. Ama-Vegans awaphathi amahhashi njengezimoto, awawayali ukuthi alandele izikhombisi-ndlela, futhi awawatsheli uma ezama ukungalaleli - yonke imikhuba yangaphakathi kunoma yikuphi ukugibela amahhashi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukugibela ihhashi ngendlela evamile kususa ihhashi ekubeni liyisidalwa esizizwa esizimele. Lapho inhlanganisela yehhashi labantu iba “umgibeli” osephethe manje, ihhashi lisuliwe esithombeni, futhi lapho ungasawaboni amahhashi, awuboni ukuhlupheka kwawo. Ukugibela amahhashi kungenye yezindlela ezimbi kakhulu zokugibela amahhashi, ngakho-ke kufanele kube enye yezindlela zokuqala ezizoqedwa.
Yize imboni ithini kodwa alikho ihhashi elifuna ukugitshelwa ukuze ligijime namanye amahhashi ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ubani ogijima kakhulu.
IQiniso ngemijaho yamahhashi ukuthi lokho kuyiphupho elibi kumahhashi azalwa kulo mkhakha ononya, azogcina ewabulele.
Qaphela: Lokhu okuqukethwe bekushicilelwe ekuqaleni ku-Veganfta.com futhi kungahle kungabonisi imibono ye Humane Foundation.
