Imikhuba Yokulima Ifektri - Humane Foundation

Imikhuba yokulima yasefekthri ibeka izigidigidi zezilwane ezimeni zezimboni eziphezulu, ezibeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo kunenhlalakahle. Izinkomo, izingulube, izinkukhu, nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukuvalelwa ezindaweni eziminyene, zivinjelwe ukuziphatha kwemvelo, futhi zingaphansi kwemithetho yokudla okunamandla kanye nemigomo yokukhula ngokushesha. Lezi zimo zivame ukuholela ekulimaleni ngokomzimba, ukucindezeleka okungapheli, kanye nohlu lwezinkinga zempilo, okubonisa ukukhathazeka okujulile kwezimiso zokuziphatha okutholakala kwezolimo zezimboni.
Ngaphandle kokuhlupheka kwezilwane, ukulima kwasefekthri kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu emvelweni nasemphakathini. Ukusebenza kwemfuyo eningi kakhulu kunomthelela omkhulu ekungcolisweni kwamanzi, ekungcolisweni komoya, nasekukhiqizweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, kanti futhi kukhahlameza izinsiza zemvelo futhi kunomthelela emiphakathini yasemakhaya. Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwama-antibiotics ukuvimbela izifo ezimeni eziminyene kuphakamisa ezinye izinselelo zempilo yomphakathi, okuhlanganisa ukumelana nama-antibiotic.
Ukubhekana nokulimala kwemikhuba yokulima efekthri kudinga ukuguqulwa kwesistimu, ukwenziwa kwenqubomgomo unolwazi, kanye nokukhetha kwabathengi okuqaphelayo. Ukungenelela kwenqubomgomo, ukuziphendulela kwenkampani, nokukhetha kwabathengi—njengokweseka ukulima okuzivuselelayo noma ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe esitshalweni—kunganciphisa ukulimala okuhlobene nezolimo zezilwane ezithuthukisiwe. Ukuqaphela amaqiniso ezinqubo zokulima zasefekthri kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokwakha uhlelo lokudla olunobuntu, oluzinzile, nolunomthwalo wemfanelo wezilwane kanye nabantu.

Izigidi zezidalwa zasolwandle zibhajwe emjikelezweni wokuhlupheka embonini eyandayo ye-aquaciulture, lapho izimo eziningi kakhulu futhi zinganaki inhlala-kahle yazo. Njengoba ukufunwa kwasolwandle kukhula, izindleko ezifihliwe - izinkinga zokuziphatha okuhle, ukonakaliswa kwemvelo kanye nemithelela yezenhlalo - ziya ngokuya zibonakalayo. Lo mbhalo usikhanyisela ngokoqobo okunzima okubhekene nempilo yasolwandle engozini, kusuka ezindabeni zempilo yomzimba ekucindezelekeni kwengqondo, ngenkathi kufonela ushintsho olunenjongo ukudala i-aquaculture futhi eqhubekayo ye-aquaculture

Isingeniso Izikhukhukazi ze-Layer, amaqhawekazi angaculwanga embonini yamaqanda, sekuyisikhathi eside ahlala efihliwe ngemuva kwesithombe esicwebezelayo samapulazi okufundisa kanye nezidlo zasekuseni ezintsha. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwalolu lungaphambili kuneqiniso elibuhlungu elivame ukunganakwa - usizi lwezikhukhukazi ezikhiqiza amaqanda ezithengiswayo. Nakuba abathengi bejabulela ukunethezeka kwamaqanda athengekayo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukukhathazeka kwezimiso zokuziphatha kanye nenhlalakahle ezungeze izimpilo zalezi zikhukhukazi. Lesi sihloko sidingida izingqimba zesililo sabo, sikhanyisela izinselelo ababhekana nazo futhi ikhuthaza indlela yozwelo yokukhiqiza amaqanda. Ukuphila Kwesikhukhukazi Sezinkukhu Umjikelezo wokuphila wezinkukhu ezizalelayo emapulazini ezimboni ugcwele ukuxhashazwa nokuhlupheka, okubonisa amaqiniso abuhlungu okukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezimbonini. Nanku umfanekiso osangulukisayo womjikelezo wabo wempilo: Ukuchanyuselwa: Uhambo luqala endaweni yokuchanyuselwa, lapho amatshwele achanyuselwa khona kuma-incubator amakhulu. Amatshwele esilisa, athathwa...

Uhambo lwezinkukhu ze-broiler kusuka ku-hatchery ipuleti kusihlwa lwembula izwe elifihlekile lokuhlupheka elivame ukunganakwa ngabathengi. Ngemuva kokusebenziseka kalula kwenkukhu engabizi kulele uhlelo ukukhula okusheshayo, izimo ezigcwele kakhulu, kanye nemikhuba evuselela amandla ebeka phambili inzuzo ngenhlala-kahle yezilwane. Le ndatshana ifaka izinselelo zokuziphatha, nemiphumela yezemvelo, nezinselelo ezinhle kakhulu ezifakwe ngaphakathi kwemboni yenkukhu e-broiler, ukunxusa abafundi ukuthi babhekane nezindleko zangempela zokukhiqizwa kwezinkukhu eziningi. Ngokuhlola lezi zinto ezingokoqobo kanye nokuxhasa ushintsho, singathatha izinyathelo ezinengqondo zokudala uhlelo lokudla onozwela nolushubile

UFoie Gras, uphawu lokunethezeka ekudleni okuhle, afihle iqiniso elibuhlungu lokuhlupheka kwezilwane okuvame ukunganakwa. Kususelwa kubutho bamadada nama-geese, lokhu kudla okuphikisanayo kukhiqizwa ngomkhuba obizwa ngokuthi yi-gavava-inhlukumeza edala ubuhlungu obukhulu bomzimba nokucindezelwa kwengqondo kulezi zinyoni ezihlakaniphile. Ngemuva kwedumela laso esicwebezelayo kulele imboni egcwele ukwephulwa kokuziphatha, lapho uzwela khona uzwela. Njengoba ukuqwashisa kukhula ngokuhlukunyezwa okufihliwe kumapulazi we-foie gras, sekuyisikhathi sokubhekana nezindleko zokuziphatha zokuzitika kanye nokuxhaswa kwezindlela eziningi ezinobuhlakani emasikweni ethu aphezulu

Umkhakha wenkukhu usebenza ngesisekelo esibuhlungu, lapho izimpilo zezigidi zezinyoni zincishiswa zibe yimpahla nje. Ngaphakathi kwamapulazi efektri, izinkukhu kanye nezinye izinkukhu zihlala zikhuthazela izikhala ezigcwele izikhala, ukuhlukaniswa okubuhlungu njengokuqedwa kwe-debeaking kanye nokuqunjelwa kwephiko, nokucindezelwa okukhulu kwengqondo, nokucindezelwa okukhulu kwengqondo, nokucindezelwa okukhulu kwengqondo. Uncishwe izindlela zabo zemvelo futhi wabhekana nezimo ezingezinhle, lezi zilwane zibhekana nokuhlupheka okungapheli ekuphishekeleni ukusebenza okuqhutshwa inzuzo. Lo mbhalo usikhanyisela ngamaqiniso anzima wokulima izimboni, uhlole ukukhokhelwa ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo kwizinkukhu ngenkathi uxhasa izinguquko ezinozwela ezibeka inhlala-kahle yezilwane endaweni yangaphambili

Izilwandle zethu, ezicebile empilweni nasezilwaneni eziphilayo, zibhekene nosongo okhulayo: ukwanda okusheshayo kwezindawo ezifile olwandle. Lezi zindawo, lapho amazinga we-oxygen plummet kanye nempilo yasolwandle engenakukhuleka khona, kuya ngokuya kuhambisana nomthelela wezemvelo wezolimo zezilwane. Kusuka kumanyolo runa kudala ama-algal blooms aqhakaza ukungcola kusuka ekungcoleni imfucumfucu kanye nokukhiqizwa okuphakelayo, izindlela zokulima izimboni zilimaza kakhulu i-Marine Ecosystems. Lo mbhalo uhlola ukuthi izindlela zezolimo ezingafinyeleleki zifaka kanjani izimo ezifile olwandle futhi ziveze izixazululo ezisebenzisekayo - njengokuthola ukudla okususelwa kwizitshalo futhi kukhuthaza ukulima okuzinzile - kungasiza ukuvikela izilwane zethu ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ezizayo ezizayo

Ukulima efektri, kuvame ukukhomba ukulima izilwane okunamandla, kungubutho obukhulu kwezolimo kwanamuhla, okuhlose ukufeza ukufunwa komhlaba wonke kwenyama, ubisi namaqanda. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuphishekela ukusebenza kahle kukhona umthwalo omkhulu wezomnotho oboshelwe emikhubeni engenangqondo. Ukusuka ekulimaleni okungokomdumo kanye nezindleko zomthetho ezindabeni zokulandela ukuhambisana kanye nokuwa kwemvelo, uhlobo lwezezimali lwesihluku sezilwane emapulazini asefekthri lufinyelela kude nalomkhakha onomkhakha onomthelela othinta abathengi, imiphakathi yasendaweni, kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Njengoba ukuqwashisa ngalezi zindleko ezifihliwe kukhula kudinga ukuguqulwa kokuziphatha, lo mbhalo uhlola ukuthi imikhuba yobuntu ibeka phambili kanjani indlela yokuqina komnotho nenqubekela phambili eqhubekayo

Izinkomo zobisi zikhuthazelela ubunzima obungenakuqhathaniswa ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba ezinhlanganweni zokulima efektri, kepha ukuhlupheka kwabo kuhlala kungabonakali kakhulu. Ngaphansi kobuso bokukhiqizwa kobisi kulele emhlabeni wokuvalelwa, ukudideka, kanye nokuqhakaza kwenhliziyo njengoba lezi zilwane ezinobuhlakani zibhekana nezikhala ezicindezelekile, nokucindezelwa okungapheli kwengqondo. Lo mbhalo wembula amaqiniso angokomzwelo angokomzwelo ezinkomo zobisi, uhlole izinselelo zokuziphatha eziboshelwe ukungazinaki inhlala-kahle yazo, futhi uqokomise izindlela ezinenjongo yokuxhasa ushintsho. Sekuyisikhathi sokubona usizi lwabo oluthule futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezibheke ohlelweni lokudla olunomusa olwazisa ububele phezu konya

Isidingo esikhulayo sokudla kwasolwandle siligqugquzele i-aquaculture embonini echumayo, kepha inhlala-kahle yezinhlanzi ezilimazeke ivame ukuhlala yanda kwande. Ihlanganiswe namathangi agcwele kakhulu ngokucebisa okulinganiselwe, lezi zilwane zibhekene nengcindezi, ukuqubuka kwezifo, kanye nempilo ehlehlisiwe. Lo mbhalo usikhanyisela ngesidingo esicindezelayo sezindinganiso ezingcono ekulimaleni kwezinhlanzi, uqokomisa izinselelo zemikhuba yamanje ngenkathi uhlola ezinye izindlela ezizinzileyo nezokuziphatha. Thola ukuthi izinketho ezinolwazi kanjani neziqondiso ezinamandla ezingasiza ekuguquleni i-waquaculture ibe umzamo onobuhlungu obuningi nomthwalo wemfanelo

Umkhakha we-Veal, ovame ukumbozwa ekusithekeni, uhlanganiswe kakhulu emkhakheni wobisi, wembula umjikelezo ofihliwe onesihluku oxhaswa yimisebenzi eminingi ngokungazi. Kusuka ekuhlukaniseni amathole aphoqelelwe kusuka komama bawo kuya ezimeni zobuntu kulezi zilwane ezincane zikhuthazela, ukukhiqizwa kwe-veal kuveza uhlangothi olumnyama lokulima izimboni. Lo mbhalo uvimba ukuxhumana okungaxakile phakathi kobisi nesendlalo, kukhanyisela izindlela ezifana nokuvalelwa ngokweqile, ukudla okungenangeyona, nokuhlukumezeka okungokomzwelo okwenziwe kuwo womabili amathole amathole kanye nabomama. Ngokuqonda lezi zinto ezingokoqobo kanye nokuhlola izindlela zokuziphatha, singaphonsela inselelo lolu hlelo lokuxhashazwa kanye nokukhuthaza ikusasa elinozwela ngokwengeziwe