Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nokuqwashisa nokukhathazeka okukhulayo mayelana nezimiso zezimiso zokudla esikukhethayo. Njengabathengi, sibhekene nenqwaba yezinketho nezinqumo uma kuziwa kulokho esikudlayo, kusukela emthonjeni wokudla kwethu kuya ekuphathweni kwezilwane nezisebenzi ezihilelekile ekukhiqizeni kwakho. Nakuba ukudla ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengendlela yokuziphilisa, iqiniso liwukuthi ukukhetha kwethu ukudla kunemiphumela efinyelela kude edlulela ngalé kwempilo yethu siqu. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena esihlokweni esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi esivame ukuphikisana ngokuziphatha kokudla. Sizohlola izingqinamba ezihlukahlukene zokuziphatha eziphakamayo lapho senza izinqumo zokudla futhi sixoxe ngokubaluleka kokuqonda imithelela yezimiso zezimiso zokudla esikukhethayo. Ngokugxila ekunikezeni umbono olinganiselayo nonolwazi, lesi sihloko sihlose ukuhlola ukucatshangelwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha okuhilelekile ekusetshenzisweni kwethu kokudla kwansuku zonke futhi sikhuthaze abafundi ukuthi bacabangisise ngemikhuba yabo yokudla.
Ukuqonda imithelela yezimiso zokusebenzisa.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimpahla, okuhlanganisa nokudla, kuhambisana nakho uhla lwemithelela yezimiso zokuziphatha okufanele icutshungulwe ngokucophelela. Ukuhlolwa kwefilosofi kokucatshangelwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha okuhilelekile ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo yezilwane, okuhlanganisa izimpikiswano ezivela kumibono ehlukene yezimiso zokuziphatha mayelana namalungelo ezilwane kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo womuntu, kunikeza ukukhanya ezinkingeni zokuziphatha eziyinkimbinkimbi esibhekana nazo ekukhetheni kwethu ukudla. Kusishukumisela ukuba singabaze ukwelashwa kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane ezinhlelweni zokulima zezimboni, umthelela wemvelo wokukhiqizwa kwenyama, kanye nemiphumela yezempilo engaba khona yezinqubo ezithile zokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqonda imithelela yezimiso zokuziphatha zokusetshenziswa kunwebeka ngalé kwendawo yemikhiqizo yezilwane, okuhlanganisa nezindaba ezinjengohwebo olunobulungiswa, ukutholakala kwezinto ezisimeme, nokuxhashazwa kwabasebenzi kumaketango okunikezwayo omhlaba. Ezweni eliya ngokuya lixhumene neliqaphelayo, kubalulekile ukuzibandakanya ekuzindleni okucatshangelwayo kanye nokuzulazula ngenkuthalo izinselele zokuziphatha ezitholakala ekukhetheni kwethu ukudla ukuze silwele ikusasa elinokuziphatha okuhle nelisimeme.
Ukuhlola amalungelo ezilwane ekusetshenzisweni.
Lapho kuhlolwa amalungelo ezilwane ezidliwayo, kuba sobala ukuthi le ndaba ihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezimiso zokuziphatha. Izinkolelo-mbono ezihlukahlukene zokuziphatha zinikeza izimpikiswano ezinamandla mayelana namalungelo ezilwane kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo wabantu ekwelapheni kwazo. Abameli bamalungelo ezilwane baphikisa ngokuthi izilwane zinenani elingokwemvelo futhi zifanelwe ukuphathwa ngenhlonipho nozwelo, ngaphandle kokulimala nokuxhashazwa okungadingekile. Bagomela ngokuthi ukudla imikhiqizo yezilwane kuqhubekisela phambili isimiso esingenabulungisa esibeka izifiso zomuntu kuqala kunenhlalakahle yezidalwa ezinozwela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abasekeli be-utilitarianism bangase baphikise ngokuthi inhlalakahle nenjabulo iyonke yazo zonke izidalwa ezizwelayo kufanele kucatshangelwe, kulinganiswa izinzuzo kanye nokulimala okuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kwezilwane. Ekugcineni, ukuzulazula ezinkingeni zokuziphatha eziphathelene namalungelo ezilwane ezidliwayo kudinga ukucabangisisa kahle, ukuqaphela imiphumela yezinqumo zethu, nokuzibophezela ekukhuthazeni imikhuba emihle neqhubekayo.
Isibopho somuntu ekukhetheni ukudla.
Ngaphezu kokucatshangelwa kokuziphatha okuphathelene namalungelo ezilwane, isibopho somuntu ekukhetheni ukudla kwethula isethi yayo yemibuzo yefilosofi. Ukuhlola okubalulekile kwezinqumo zethu zokudla kuhilela ukucabanga ngomthelela wezinqumo zethu kokubili enhlalakahleni yethu kanye nendawo ezungezile ebanzi. Ngokombono we-consquequentialist, abantu ngabanye bangase bacabangele izinzuzo zezempilo zokudla okusekelwe esitshalweni ekunciphiseni ingozi yezifo ezingapheli kanye nokukhuthaza inhlalakahle jikelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthelela wemvelo wokulima kwezilwane, okuhlanganisa ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokukhishwa kwezisisi ezingcolisa umoya, kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngomthwalo wethu wemfanelo wokunakekela iplanethi nemithombo yayo. Izinqumo esizenzayo ekudleni kwethu zinemiphumela efinyelela kude, futhi njengezithunywa zokuziphatha, sinomthwalo wemfanelo wokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ezivumelana nezindinganiso zethu futhi zibe nengxenye enzuzweni enkulu.
Amathiyori wesimilo ekusetshenzisweni kwezilwane.
Ukuhlolwa kwefilosofi kokucatshangelwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha okuhilelekile ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo yezilwane kuveza izinhlobonhlobo zezimpikiswano ezivela kumibono eyahlukene yezimiso zokuziphatha mayelana namalungelo ezilwane kanye nesibopho somuntu. I-Utilitarianism, isibonelo, ibeka ukuthi ukuziphatha kokudla imikhiqizo yezilwane kuncike ekutheni kuholela enjabulweni enkulu kakhulu futhi kunciphisa ukuhlupheka. Abasekeli balo mbono bangase baphikise ngokuthi uma izinzuzo zokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yezilwane, njengenani lokudla okunempilo noma ukubaluleka kwamasiko, zidlula umonakalo owenziwe ezilwaneni, khona-ke kungabhekwa njengokuvumelekile ngokokuziphatha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imibono ye-deontological, njenge-Kantian ethics, igcizelela ukubaluleka kwemvelo namalungelo abantu ngabanye, kuhlanganise nezilwane, futhi igomela ukuthi amalungelo abo akufanele aphulwe ukuze asetshenziswe abantu. Lo mbono ukhuthaza indlela esekelwe emsebenzini lapho ukudla kwezilwane kubonakala njengokwephulwa kwamalungelo angokwemvelo ezilwane. Ukwengeza, izimiso zokuziphatha ezinhle zibheka ukuthuthukiswa kwezici zobuntu obuhle futhi ikhuthaza ububele nozwela ezilwaneni, ikhuthaza ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni njengendlela yokuphila enempilo. Ukuhlolwa kwale mibono yezimiso zokuziphatha kunikeza uhlaka lwabantu ngabanye ukuze babhekane nezinkinga zokuziphatha eziphathelene nokudliwa kwezilwane futhi benze izinqumo zokudla ezinolwazi ezihambisana nezimiso zabo zokuziphatha.
Umthelela wemikhiqizo yezilwane endaweni.
Ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane kunemithelela ebalulekile yendawo engeke ishaywe indiva. Ukulima kwemfuyo kunomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Ngokocwaningo, ezolimo zezilwane zibophezele cishe u-14.5% wokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa emhlabeni wonke , okudlula ukukhishwa okuvela kuwo wonke umkhakha wezokuthutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhlaba omningi nezinsiza ezidingekayo ukuze kufuywe kube nomthelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi nasekucekeleni phansi izindawo zokuhlala, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamanzi ekufuyweni kwezilwane, kanye nokuchithwa kwemfucuza yezilwane emanzini, kubangela usongo olukhulu eqophelweni lamanzi nasezinhlelweni zemvelo. Le mithelela yezemvelo idinga ukuhlolwa okubalulekile kokukhetha kwethu ukudla kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezinye izindlela ezisimeme nezisekelwe ezitshalweni. Ngokunciphisa ukuthembela kwethu emikhiqizweni yezilwane, singabamba iqhaza ekwehliseni ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokulondoloza imvelo yeplanethi yethu entekenteke.
Izingqinamba zokuziphatha komuntu ekusetshenzisweni.
Uma kuziwa ezinkingeni zokuziphatha komuntu ekusetshenzisweni, ukuhlolwa kwefilosofi kokucatshangelwa kokuziphatha okuhilelekile ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo yezilwane kuyadingeka. Ngokombono wamalungelo ezilwane, kungenziwa izimpikiswano zokuthi izilwane zinenani elingokwemvelo futhi akufanele zithathwe nje njengempahla edliwa abantu. Abasekeli balo mbono baphikisana nokuqashelwa kwekhono lezilwane lokuhlupheka kanye nokumela ilungelo lazo lokukhululeka ekulimaleni okungadingekile nokuxhashazwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkolelo-mbono zokuziphatha ezibeka phambili umthwalo wemfanelo womuntu nokuphila kahle zingase ziphikise indlela eguquguqukayo, kucatshangelwa izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yezilwane empilweni yomuntu kanye nokudla. Lezi zimpikiswano zigqamisa imvelo eyinkimbinkimbi yezinkinga zokuziphatha komuntu siqu ekusetshenzisweni kanye nesidingo sokuthi abantu ngabanye bacabangele ngokujulile ukukhetha kwabo kokudla ngokuhambisana nalokhu kucatshangelwa kokuziphatha. Ekugcineni, ukuzulazula kulezi zingqinamba kudinga ukulinganisela okucatshangelwayo phakathi kwezibopho zethu zokuziphatha ezilwaneni kanye nezinkolelo zethu siqu kanye nezindinganiso.
Ukubhekana nezinkambiso zamasiko nezomphakathi.
Emkhakheni wokucatshangelwa kokuziphatha ekusetshenzisweni, ukubhekana nezinkambiso zamasiko nezomphakathi kuba yisici esibalulekile. Njengabantu ngabanye, ukukhetha kwethu ukudla kuvame ukuthonywa indawo yamasiko nenhlalo esihlala kuyo. Le mikhuba ibumba isimo sethu sengqondo ngokudla, okuhlanganisa nezinhlobo zokudla esikudlayo kanye nezindlela esikubona ngazo. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokujulile lezi zinkambiso futhi singabaze ukuthi ziyahambisana yini nezimiso zethu zokuziphatha. Ukuhlola okungokwefilosofi kwemikhuba yamasiko neyomphakathi kungaveza amandla okuguquguquka nokuchema okukhona phakathi kwezinhlelo zethu zokudla. Ngokuphonsela inselelo le mikhuba, singalwela isiko lokudla elinobulungisa neliqhubekayo elihlonipha amalungelo kanye nenhlalakahle yabo bonke abantu abahililekile. Lokhu kudinga ukucabangisisa ngezindinganiso nezinkolelo ezisekela ukukhetha kwethu ukudla, kanye nokuzimisela ukubekela inselele isimo esikhona lapho siphishekela indlela elungile nenobubele yokudla.
Ukuhlola ezinye izindlela zokudla.
Lapho sicubungula imithelela yezimiso zezimiso zokudla esikukhethayo, kubalulekile ukuhlola ezinye izinketho ezihambisana namagugu ethu. Ukuhlolwa kwefilosofi kokucatshangelwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha okuhilelekile ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo yezilwane, okuhlanganisa izimpikiswano ezivela kumibono eyahlukene yezimiso zokuziphatha mayelana namalungelo ezilwane kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo womuntu, kungasikhanyisela ngezinye izindlela ezingase zibe khona ezitholakala kithi. Izidlo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, ngokwesibonelo, ziye zathola ukunakwa okubalulekile njengendlela yokudla esimeme futhi enozwelo. Ukudla okunjalo akunciphisi nje ukuthembela kwethu kwezolimo zezilwane, kodwa futhi kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi zezempilo . Ukwengeza, ukuhlola ezinye izindlela zokudla kungase kuhilele ukusekela amasistimu okudla asendaweni kanye nemvelo, ukunciphisa ukumoshwa kokudla, kanye nokukhuthaza izinqubo zokuhweba ezinobulungiswa. Ngokufuna ngenkuthalo kanye nokwamukela ezinye izinketho, singaba neqhaza esikweni lokudla elinokuziphatha okuhle nokukhathalela imvelo.
Ukulinganisa izindinganiso zomuntu siqu nezokuziphatha.
Ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kwezindinganiso zomuntu siqu kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha kuwumsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi odinga ukwaziswa kanye nokucatshangelwa ngokucophelela. Emkhakheni wokukhetha ukudla, lokhu kulinganisela kuba okubaluleke kakhulu njengoba kuhilela ukuzulazula ezinkingeni zokuziphatha. Kudinga ukuthi sicabange ngezinkolelo zethu zomuntu siqu kanye nezindinganiso, kuyilapho sicabangela nemiphumela yokuziphatha yezenzo zethu. Kwabanye abantu, impilo yomuntu siqu kanye nenhlalakahle kungase kube yikona okugxilwe kakhulu kuyo, okuholela ekubekeni phambili ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokunambitha kunokucabangela izimiso zokuziphatha. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye, ukuphathwa kahle kwezilwane kanye nokusimama kwemvelo kungase kuqale, kuholele ekutheni bathathe ukudla okunemikhawulo eyengeziwe noma bamukele i-veganism. Ukuzuza ibhalansi phakathi kwezindinganiso zomuntu siqu kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha kungase kuhilele ukuyekethisa kanye nokuthola indawo emaphakathi, njengokufaka ukudla okwengeziwe okusekelwe ezitshalweni ekudleni okugcwele omnivorous kakhulu noma ukusekela imikhuba yokuziphatha neyokuzinza yokulima kwezilwane. Ekugcineni, ukhiye usekucabangeni okucatshangelwayo kanye nokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ezihambisana nezimiso zethu zomuntu ngamunye kuyilapho sicabangela umthelela emhlabeni osizungezile.
Ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi neziqaphelayo.
Ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi neziqaphelayo mayelana nemikhuba yethu yokudla, kubalulekile ukuzibandakanya ekuhloleni ifilosofi yezimiso zokuziphatha ezihilelekile ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo yezilwane. Lokhu kuhlola kudinga ukuhlolwa okubucayi kwezimpikiswano ezivela emibonweni ehlukahlukene yokuziphatha mayelana namalungelo ezilwane kanye nesibopho somuntu. Ngokuhlolisisa ubunkimbinkimbi balesi sihloko, singathola ukuqonda okujulile kwemithelela yokuziphatha yezinketho zethu zokudla. Le nqubo isikhuthaza ukuba singabaze izinhlelo zokukhiqiza nokusebenzisa eziqhubekisela phambili ukulimala kwezilwane nendawo ezungezile. Kusishukumisela ukuba sihlole ezinye izinketho futhi sifune imikhiqizo yokudla eqhubekayo futhi etholakala ngendlela yokuziphatha. Ukukhetha ukwaziswa nokuqaphela ekudleni kwethu kuhilela ukuzibophezela ekuvumelaniseni izindinganiso zethu nezenzo zethu, ukukhuthaza indlela enobubele nethembekile ebudlelwaneni bethu nokudla.
Sengiphetha, ukuzulazula emicabangweni yezimiso zezimiso zokudla esikukhethayo kungaba uhambo oluyinkimbinkimbi nolomuntu siqu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela umthelela ukukhetha kwethu ukudla okunawo endaweni ezungezile, inhlalakahle yezilwane, kanye nezinhlelo zokudla zomhlaba wonke. Kodwa ekugcineni, isinqumo sokudla ngokuziphatha silele kumuntu ngamunye, futhi kubalulekile ukubhekana nalesi sihloko ngozwela nokuqonda. Ngokuzifundisa kanye nokwenza izinqumo ezinengqondo, singasebenzela uhlelo lokudla oluzinzile futhi olunozwela kubo bonke.
FAQ
Ingabe kuyathetheleleka ngokokuziphatha ukudla imikhiqizo yezilwane uma kukhona ezinye izindlela ezitholakalayo ezingabandakanyi ukulimala kwezilwane?
Ukuthetheleleka kwezimiso zokuziphatha zokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane lapho ezinye izindlela zitholakala kuncike ezinkolelweni zomuntu siqu kanye namagugu. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi akulungile ukulimaza izilwane ukuze zidliwe lapho kunezinye izindlela ezisebenzayo. Bakhuthaza ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni njengendlela yokunciphisa ukuhlupheka kwezilwane kanye nomthelela emvelweni. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi abantu banelungelo lokudla izilwane uma nje bephathwa ngendlela yobuntu. Ekugcineni, isinqumo sokudla imikhiqizo yezilwane noma cha ngesomuntu siqu esisekelwe ekucabangeleni kokuziphatha komuntu ngamunye.
Izinkambiso zamasiko nezomphakathi zinethonya kanjani ekuthatheni kwethu izinqumo zokuziphatha uma kuziwa ekukhetheni ukudla?
Izinkambiso zamasiko nezomphakathi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni izinqumo zethu zokuziphatha mayelana nokukhetha ukudla. Lezi zinkambiso zihlinzeka ngohlaka kanye nesethi yalokho esikulindele eqondisa ukuziphatha kwethu kanye nezindinganiso. Isibonelo, emasikweni adla imifino, ukudla inyama kungase kubonakale njengokungafaneleki ngenxa yezinkolelo zobungcwele bezilwane. Ngokufanayo, izinkambiso zomphakathi mayelana nokusimama nokongiwa kwemvelo zingaba nomthelela ezinqumweni zokukhetha ukudla okutholakala endaweni noma okungokwemvelo. Le mikhuba igxilile kumuntu ngamunye futhi ingaba nomthelela ekuboneni kwabo ukuthi yini elungile noma engalungile uma kuziwa ekukhetheni ukudla, ekugcineni ilolonge inqubo yabo yokuthatha izinqumo.
Ingabe kufanele sicabangele umthelela wemvelo wokukhetha kwethu ukudla ohlakeni lwethu lwezimiso zokuziphatha? Lokhu kusithinta kanjani isinqumo sethu sokudla ukudla okuthile?
Yebo, kufanele sicabangele umthelela wemvelo wokukhetha kwethu ukudla ohlakeni lwethu lwezimiso zokuziphatha. Ukukhetha kwethu ukudla kunomthelela omkhulu endaweni ezungezile, okuhlanganisa nokukhipha isisi esibamba ukushisa , ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Ngokucabangela le mithelela, singenza izinqumo ezinolwazi kakhulu mayelana nalokho esikudlayo. Lokhu kungasiholela ekukhetheni ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni noma okusimeme, kunciphise umkhondo wethu wemvelo. Ukwengeza, ukucutshungulwa komthelela kwezemvelo kuhambisana nezimiso zokuziphatha zokusimama nokuzibophezela ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Ekugcineni, ukufaka umthelela wemvelo ohlelweni lwethu lokuthatha izinqumo kungasiza ukukhuthaza uhlelo lokudla olunokuziphatha okuhle noluzinzile.
Yiziphi izimiso zokuziphatha okufanele zicatshangelwe uma kuziwa ekuphathweni kwabasebenzi basemapulazini kanye nabasebenzi embonini yokudla?
Izimiso zokuziphatha okufanele zibhekwe uma kuziwa ekuphathweni kwabasebenzi basemapulazini kanye nezisebenzi embonini yezokudla zihlanganisa amaholo afanelekile, izimo zokusebenza eziphephile, ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, nokuvikelwa ekuxhashazweni nasekuhlukunyezweni. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi basemapulazini bayaholelwa imali yokuziphilisa ebenza bakwazi ukondla bona nemindeni yabo. Ukuhlinzeka ngezimo zokusebenza eziphephile kubalulekile ukuvimbela izingozi nezinkinga zempilo. Ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kubalulekile ukubhekana nanoma yikuphi ukulimala noma izifo ezingase zenzeke emsebenzini. Okokugcina, ukuvikela abasebenzi ekuxhashazweni nasekuhlukunyezweni kubandakanya ukubhekana nezindaba ezifana nokusetshenziswa ngempoqo, ukushushumbiswa kwabantu kanye nokucwaswa.
Ingabe ukukhetha kwethu ukudla kuhlangana kanjani nezindaba zobulungisa bezenhlalo, njengokufinyelela kokudla kanye nokungavikeleki kokudla?
Izinketho zethu zokudla zihlangana nezindaba zobulungiswa bezenhlalo ngokuba nomthelela ekufinyeleleni kokudla kanye nokungavikeleki kokudla. Imiphakathi eminingi eyayincishwe amathuba ibhekene nokufinyelela okulinganiselwe ekukhetheni ukudla okuthengekayo nokunomsoco, okuholela emazingeni aphezulu okuntuleka kokudla kanye nokungafani kwezempilo. Izinketho zethu zokudla, njengokudla ukudla okugayiwe kakhulu futhi okungenampilo, kunomthelela ekuqhubekiseni lolu hlelo lokungalingani. Ngokwenza izinqumo ezinengqondo zokusekela izinhlelo zokudla zendawo nezisimeme, ukumela ubulungiswa bokudla, kanye nokukhuthaza ukufinyelela okulinganayo kokudla okunempilo, singasiza ekuxazululeni lezi zinkinga zobulungiswa bezenhlalakahle futhi sakhe uhlelo lokudla olunokulingana noluzinzile lwabo bonke abantu.
