Abameli bomhlaba jikelele: Amasu Okuhlola Nezidingo

Ezweni elithuthukayo ngokushesha emhlabeni, izinhlangano ezimela izilwane zisebenzisa amasu anhlobonhlobo ukuze zivikele izilwane ezifuywayo , ngalinye livunyelaniswa nezimo nezinselele zazo ezihlukile. Isihloko esithi “Abameli Bomhlaba Wonke: Amaqhinga Nezidingo Zihloliwe” sicubungula okutholwe ocwaningweni olubanzi lwamaqembu amela izilwane acishe abe ngu-200 emazweni angu-84, sikhanyise ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ezithathwa yilezi zinhlangano kanye nezizathu eziyinhloko zokukhetha kwazo amasu. Ibhalwe ngu-Jack Stennett kanye nethimba labacwaningi, lolu cwaningo lunikeza ukubheka okuphelele ezweni elinezici eziningi lokumela izilwane, okugqamisa amathrendi abalulekile, izinselele, namathuba abo bobabili abagqugquzeli nabaxhasi bezimali.

Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi izinhlangano zokumela azizona i-monolithic; bahlanganyela emisebenzini eminingi kusukela ekufinyeleleni abantu ngabanye kuye ekufuneni izikhungo ezinkulu. Ucwaningo lugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqonda hhayi nje ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwalawa masu, kodwa futhi nezisusa kanye nezithiyo ezakha izinqumo zenhlangano. Ngokuhlola izintandokazi nezimo zokusebenza zalawa maqembu, indatshana ihlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile yokuthi imizamo yokumela ingathuthukiswa kanjani futhi isekelwe.

Okutholwe okubalulekile ocwaningweni kubonisa ukuthi izinhlangano eziningi ziphishekela izindlela eziningi futhi zivulekele ukuhlola amasu amasha, ikakhulukazi ekumeleleni kwenqubomgomo, okubonakala njengokufinyeleleka kalula kunokumela izinkampani. Ucwaningo luphinde lugqamise indima ebalulekile yokuxhaswa ngezimali, umthelela wezimo zendawo, kanye namandla okushintshana ngolwazi phakathi kwabameli. Izincomo zabaxhasi bezimali, abagqugquzeli, nabacwaningi banikezwa ukusiza ukuzulazula kulezi zinkimbinkimbi futhi kuthuthukiswe umthelela wokumela izilwane emhlabeni wonke.

Lesi sihloko sisebenza njengesisetshenziswa esibalulekile kunoma ubani obambe iqhaza ekukhulumeni kwezilwane, enikeza imininingwane eqhutshwa idatha kanye nezincomo ezisebenzayo ukusekela imizamo eqhubekayo yokuthuthukisa izimpilo zezilwane ezifuywayo emhlabeni jikelele.
Ezweni elithuthukayo⁢ lomhlaba jikelele elithuthukayo, izinhlangano ezimela izilwane zisebenzisa ⁤amasu anhlobonhlobo okuvikela izilwane ezifuywayo, ngayinye ehambisana nenjongo yazo ehlukile⁤ nezinselele. Isihloko esithi “Abameli Bomhlaba Wonke: Amaqhinga Nezidingo Zihloliwe” sicubungula okutholwe ocwaningweni olunzulu lwamaqembu amela izilwane acishe abe ngu-200 emazweni angu-84, sikhanyisele izindlela ezihlukahlukene ezithathwa yilezi zinhlangano kanye nezizathu eziyisisekelo zokukhetha kwazo amasu. Ibhalwe ngu-Jack Stennett kanye nethimba labacwaningi, lolu cwaningo lunikeza ukubheka okuphelele emhlabeni oxubile wokumela izilwane, okugqamisa amathrendi abalulekile, izinselele, namathuba abo bobabili abagqugquzeli kanye nabaxhasi bezimali.

Ucwaningo lwembula⁤ ukuthi izinhlangano zokumela aziwona ama-monolithic; bazibandakanya ochungechungeni lwemisebenzi esukela emazingeni aphansi kuye ekunxenxeni abantu ngezikhungo ezinkulu. Ucwaningo lugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuqonda hhayi nje ukusebenza kahle kwalawa masu,⁢ kodwa⁤ kanye nezisusa⁤ kanye ⁣⁣nemigoqo ebumba izinqumo zenhlangano.⁢ Ngokuhlola izintandokazi nezimo zokusebenza zalawa maqembu, indatshana inikeza imininingwane ebalulekile yokuthi kanjani imizamo yokumela ingathuthukiswa futhi isekelwe.

Okutholwe okubalulekile ocwaningweni kukhombisa ukuthi izinhlangano eziningi ziphishekela izindlela eziningi futhi zivulekele ukuhlola amasu amasha, ikakhulukazi kunqubomgomo⁤ yokumela, ebonwa njengento efinyeleleka kakhulu kunokumela kwebhizinisi. Ucwaningo ⁢futhi lugqamisa indima ebalulekile yoxhaso, umthelela wezimo zasendaweni, kanye ⁤namandla okushintshana ngolwazi phakathi kwabameli. Izincomo⁢ zabaxhasi, abagqugquzeli,⁢ kanye nabacwaningi⁢ bahlinzekwa ukusiza ukuzulazula kulezi zinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuthuthukisa umthelela wokumela izilwane emhlabeni wonke.

Lesi sihloko sisebenza njengesisetshenziswa esibalulekile⁢ sanoma ubani obambe iqhaza ezenzweni zezilwane, enikeza⁤ imininingwane eqhutshwa idatha kanye nezincomo ezisebenzayo ukusekela imizamo eqhubekayo yokuthuthukisa izimpilo zezilwane ezifuywayo emhlabeni jikelele.

Isifinyezo Ngu: Jack Stennett | Isifundo Soqobo Ngu: Stennett, J., Chung, JY, Polanco, A., & Anderson, J. (2024) | Kushicilelwe: Meyi 29, 2024

Inhlolovo yethu yamaqembu akhulumela izilwane acishe abe ngu-200 emazweni angu-84 ihlola izindlela ezihlukahlukene ezithathwa abameli bezilwane ezifuywe , kugxilwe ekutheni izinhlangano ziphishekela kanjani futhi kungani amasu ahlukene.

Ingemuva

Izinhlangano ezimele izilwane zisebenzisa amasu ahlukene ukuze zisekele izilwane ezifuywayo ezisukela esenzweni somuntu ngamunye kuze kufike ekungeneleleni okukhulu kuzwelonke. Abameli bangase bakhethe ukukhuthaza ukudla kwe-vegan emphakathini wabo, bathole indawo yezilwane, bacele ohulumeni babo ngemithetho eqinile yezenhlalakahle, noma bacele izinkampani zenyama yezikhalazo ukuthi zinikeze indawo eyengeziwe izilwane ezivalelwe.

Lokhu kwehlukahlukana kwamaqhinga kudala isidingo sokuhlolwa komthelela—kuyilapho ucwaningo oluningi lokumela lukala ukuphumelela kwezindlela ezehlukene noma luthuthukisa imibono ehlobene yoshintsho , akunakwa kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi kungani izinhlangano zithanda amasu athile, zinquma ukwamukela amasha, noma banamathele kulokho abakwaziyo.

Kusetshenziswa inhlolovo yezinhlangano ezimela izilwane ezingaphezu kuka-190 emazweni angama-84 kanye nezingxoxo zamaqembu amancane ayisithupha okugxilwe kuwo, lolu cwaningo luhlose ukuqonda izindlela ezehlukene ezithathwa amaqembu okuvikela izilwane ezifuywe emhlabeni jikelele, kugxilwe ekutheni kanjani futhi kungani izinhlangano zikhetha ukulandela la masu okumela.

Okutholakele Okubalulekile

Izinhlangano ezimela izilwane ziphishekela amasu ezigabeni ezinhlanu ezinkulu, ngayinye igxile ohlotsheni oluhlukile lwababambe iqhaza. Lezi yizikhungo ezinkulu (ohulumeni, abakhiqizi bokudla abakhulu, abadayisi, njll.), izikhungo zendawo (izikole, izindawo zokudlela, abakhiqizi bokudla, izibhedlela, njll.), abantu (ngokuthola usizo lokudla noma imfundo), izilwane ngokwazo (ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi oqondile, njengezindawo ezingcwele), namanye amalungu enhlangano yokumela (ngokusekelwa kokunyakaza). Umfanekiso 2 embikweni ogcwele unikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe.
Izinhlangano eziningi (55%) ziphishekela izindlela ezingaphezu kweyodwa, futhi abameli abaningi (63%) banentshisekelo yokuhlola okungenani indlela eyodwa abangayisebenzisi njengamanje. Ngokuphawulekayo, izinhlangano eziningi eziqhuba umsebenzi oqondile nezilwane (66%) noma ukumela komuntu ngamunye (91%) zingacabanga ukuzama okungenani uhlobo olulodwa lwendlela yokusebenza yesikhungo.
Abameli bavuleleke kakhulu ekucabangeni ukumela inqubomgomo kunokumela izinkampani, ngoba kunezithiyo ezimbalwa zokungena kanye nokucwaswa okuncane. Abanye abameli banobudlelwane obungebuhle nokumela izinkampani, njengoba kungase kuhilele ukusebenzelana nezinhlangano ezingahambisani kakhulu nezimiso zazo. Ukumela izinkampani kungase futhi kudinge izinga elithile lobuchwepheshe nobungcweti bemboni ezinye izinhlobo zokumela inqubomgomo (isb., izicelo) ezingakwenzi.
Izinhlangano eziqhuba umsebenzi webhizinisi nenqubomgomo zivame ukuba izinhlangano ezinkulu ezenza izinhlobo eziningi zokumela. Izinhlangano ezigxile ezindleleni zebhizinisi nezenqubomgomo zivame ukuba zinkulu kunalezo ezigxile emsebenzini oqondile kanye nokumela umuntu ngamunye, ngezinye izikhathi eziholwa ngamavolontiya. Izinhlangano ezinkulu nazo zinamathuba amaningi okuthi ziphishekele izindlela eziningi ngasikhathi sinye.
Ukusebenzisana nezikhungo zendawo kunikeza izinhlangano zokumela isitebhisi ukusuka kumuntu ngamunye kuye ezindleleni zesikhungo. Izindlela zesikhungo sendawo zivame ukubonwa “njengendawo emnandi” yezinhlangano ezincane zokumela, ezinikeza ibhalansi phakathi kokuqina nokuqina. Lezi zindlela zithathwa njengezingasebenzisi kakhulu izinsiza kunezindlela zesikhungo ezinkulu, futhi ezingase zinikeze isinyathelo esimaphakathi sezinhlangano ezikhulayo ezifuna ukwandisa izindlela zokudla komuntu ngamunye zibe yinqubomgomo yezinga eliphezulu noma izindlela zebhizinisi, futhi zibuye zihambisane nokunye okuphansi- up theory of change.
Ukunquma ngezindlela zenhlangano akuyona nje inqubo yangaphakathi. Nakuba umgomo wenhlangano nezinsiza ezitholakalayo kuwukucatshangelwa okuyinhloko, amathonya angaphandle, kusukela kozakwethu abakhulu bamazwe ngamazwe nabaxhasi bezimali kuya kwamanye amalungu omphakathi aphansi, nawo adlala indima ebalulekile ekuthathweni kwezinqumo . Ucwaningo olusemthethweni noma olungakahleleki, oluhlanganisa ucwaningo lwesibili olusekelwe edeskini kanye nezindlela zocwaningo eziyisisekelo/zabasebenzisi njengokuhlola imiyalezo kanye nezingxoxo nababambe iqhaza, ngokuvamile lukwazisa lolu hlelo lokuthatha izinqumo.
Izimo ezihlukene zomhlaba zikhawulela ukusebenza kwezindlela zokumela ezikhona ngezindlela abaxhasi bangaphandle abangase bangaziqondi noma bazilindele. Izinhlangano zasendaweni zokumela zingase zigweme izindlela ezithile zokumela ngenxa yezithiyo zendawo zezombangazwe nezamasiko: isibonelo, ukugwema imiyalezo yokuqeda inyama ngenxa yokwehliswa kwenyama noma ukumela izinkampani ngokuvuna ukunxenxa ipolitiki. Ukulinganisa izidingo zomongo wendawo nalokho okulindelekile kubaxhasi bezimali nezinhlangano zabazali kuvame ukukhawulela izinketho zamasu zabameli bendawo.
Izinhlangano zokumela zingase zizimisele futhi zikwazi ukwanda ezindleleni zazo ezikhona esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa izindlela ezintsha ngokuphelele. Abameli abaningi bangancamela ukukhulisa imikhankaso ekhona ukuze bahlanganise izindawo ezengeziwe nezinhlobo zezilwane noma basebenzise amasu amasha emidiya ukuze bandise imiyalezo yabo ekhona kunokuba basebenzise izindlela ezintsha ngokuphelele.
Uxhaso luhlala lusengqondweni kubameli. Abameli babonisa ukuthi uxhaso lwezimali luwuhlobo lokusekelwa oluwusizo kakhulu, isithiyo esivame kakhulu esivimbela izinhlangano ekukhuleni ziye ezindleleni zokuvelela, kanye nenselele enkulu yomsebenzi wamanje wokumela. Izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezincintisanayo zokunikeza izibonelelo zingaphinda zibe yisithiyo esikhawulela ikhono lenhlangano lokugxila emsebenzini wayo, futhi ukukhathazeka mayelana nokusimama koxhaso kungase kuvimbele izinhlangano ekwandiseni nasekuhlukaniseni izindlela zazo.