Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwaba nokuqwashisa okukhulayo nokukhathazeka ngomthelela wemisebenzi yabantu endaweni ezungezile. Kusukela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kuya ekungcolisweni, kusobala ukuthi indlela yethu yokuphila manje ilimaza impilo yeplanethi yethu. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu abaningi kanye nezinhlangano bebelokhu bekhuthaza izinqubo ezisimeme kanye ne-eco-friendly ukunciphisa le miphumela emibi. Omunye umkhuba onjalo oye wathola ukunakwa okuphawulekayo ukwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni. Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ukudla okuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu, namantongomane, okungadliwa kancane noma kungadli nhlobo imikhiqizo yezilwane. Nakuba izinzuzo zokuziphatha kanye nempilo yokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni zaziwa kakhulu, umthelela wako omuhle endaweni ezungezile ngokuvamile awunakwa. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula izinzuzo zemvelo zokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni nokuthi ukwenza lokhu kushintsha kokudla kungaba nomthelela kanjani ekusaseni elizinzile leplanethi yethu.
Ukuncishiswa kwe-carbon footprint, iplanethi enempilo.
Ngokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, abantu ngabanye bangaba neqhaza ekwehliseni i-carbon footprint yabo futhi bakhuthaze iplanethi enempilo. Ukutshalwa nokukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni kunomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizweni kwezisi ezibamba ukushisa, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Ngokuphambene, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuye kwatholakala ukuthi kudinga izinsiza ezimbalwa, ezifana nomhlabathi, amanzi, namandla, okuzenza zisimeme futhi zilondoloze imvelo. Ukwengeza, ukwamukelwa kokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kungasiza ekwehliseni umthelela omubi wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ngokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-methane ne-nitrous oxide kwezolimo zezilwane. Ngokwenza izinqumo eziqaphelayo emikhubeni yethu yokudla, singabamba iqhaza ngokugcwele ekudaleni ikusasa elisimeme ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuncane, ukusimama okwengeziwe.
Ukushoda kwamanzi kuyindaba ecindezelayo emhlabeni wonke, futhi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusimama. Izidlo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni zinikeza isisombululo kulokhu futhi. Ukukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni kudinga inani elikhulu lamanzi ukuze kufakwe amanzi emfuyo, ukuhlanza, nokunisela izitshalo zokudla. Ngokuphambene, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kudla amanzi amancane kakhulu, njengoba ukutshalwa kwezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu, nemidumba kudinga izidingo zokunisela eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngokuguqukela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni, abantu banganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo indawo yabo yamanzi futhi babe neqhaza ekulondolozweni kwalo mthombo oyigugu. Ukwengeza, ukukhuthaza izinqubo zezolimo ezisimeme, njengezinhlelo zokunisela ezisebenzayo kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwamanzi, kungathuthukisa imizamo yokonga amanzi ekukhiqizeni ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni. Ukwamukela ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuncane ngokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile esiya ekusasa elizinzile nelinakekelwa amanzi.
Ukuncipha kokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukongiwa komhlaba.
Ukuvikela amahlathi ethu kanye nokongiwa komhlaba kubaluleke kakhulu ekulweni nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Izidlo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni zidlala indima ebalulekile kulo mzamo. Ukukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni kuvame ukudinga ukugawulwa kwamahlathi amakhulu ukuze kuvuleke imfuyo edlelweni noma kutshalwe izitshalo zokudla. Lo mkhuba obhubhisayo awugcini nje ngokubhubhisa izindawo zokuhlala zezilwane ezingenakubalwa kodwa futhi ukhiphela amagesi abamba ukushisa emkhathini. Ngokusebenzisa ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, singehlisa isidingo sokulima kwezilwane bese sinciphisa izinga lokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Lolu shintsho ekukhetheni ukudla lukhuthaza ukongiwa komhlaba, okuvumela imvelo ukuthi ichume futhi inikeze izindawo zokuhlala zezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane zasendle. Ngokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, sibamba iqhaza ekulondolozweni kwemithombo yethu yemvelo eyigugu futhi sisebenzela ikusasa elisimeme.
Ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ephansi, umoya ohlanzekile.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zemvelo zokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, okuholela emoyeni ohlanzekile. Ukulima kwezilwane kunomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, ikakhulukazi i-methane ne-nitrous oxide. I-Methane, ekhishwe ekuvutshelweni kwe-enteric kanye nokulawulwa komquba ekukhiqizeni imfuyo, iyigesi ebamba ukushisa enamandla enamandla amakhulu okufudumala kune-carbon dioxide. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa komanyolo wokwenziwa ekutshaleni izitshalo zokudla kukhipha i-nitrous oxide, enye igesi ebamba ukushisa enamandla. Ngokuguqukela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni, singanciphisa isidingo sokulima kwezilwane, ngaleyo ndlela sinciphise ukukhishwa okuhlobene nokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo. Ukwehliswa kwala magesi abamba ukushisa kuphumela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinga lomoya, okunomthelela esimweni esinempilo nesimeme kakhudlwana kubo bonke.
Amandla amancane adingekayo, ukusebenza kahle kangcono.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yezemvelo yokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ukuncishiswa kwezidingo zamandla kanye nokusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe ekukhiqizeni ukudla. Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ngokuvamile kudinga izinsiza ezimbalwa, njengamanzi, umhlabathi, namandla, uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukufuya izilwane ukuze zidle kubandakanya izigaba eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukutshala izitshalo zokudla, ukuthutha nokucubungula izilwane, nokugcina izimo zazo zokuphila. Ngasinye salezi zigaba sidinga amanani abalulekile wamandla, okwenza kube nekhabhoni ephakeme kakhulu. Ngokuphambene, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ngokuyinhloko kuncike ezitshalweni ezingadliwa abantu ngokuqondile, kunciphisa izinqubo ezidinga amandla ahlobene nezolimo zezilwane. Ngokukhetha izinketho ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, singanciphisa indawo yethu yemvelo futhi sikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa okuzinzile kwezinsiza, ekugcineni kuholele ohlelweni lokudla olunempilo nolusebenza kahle.
Ukuncipha kokungcoliswa kwamanzi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zemvelo.
Isici esibalulekile sokushintshela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni amandla okuncipha kokungcoliswa kwamanzi kanye nezinhlelo zemvelo ezithuthukisiwe. Ukulima kwezilwane kunomthelela omkhulu ekungcolisweni kwamanzi, nokugeleza okuvela emisebenzini yemfuyo equkethe amazinga aphezulu ezinto eziyingozi njenge-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, nama-antibiotics. Lezi zinto ezingcolisayo zingathola indlela yazo emanzini, okubangela i-eutrophication kanye nokuncipha komoyampilo, okuholela ekufeni kwezilwane zasemanzini. Ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwethu kwemikhiqizo yezilwane kanye nokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, singehlisa kakhulu inani lokungcola elingena ohlelweni lwethu lwamanzi. Lokhu kushintsha akunciphisi nje kuphela ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kodwa futhi kusekela ukubuyiselwa nokugcinwa kwemvelo yasemanzini, okuholela endaweni enempilo futhi enokulinganisela. Ngokubona umthelela wemvelo wokukhetha kwethu ukudla, singakwazi ukufaka isandla ekongiweni nasekusimameni kwemithombo yamanzi ayigugu eplanethi yethu.
Inhlalakahle yezilwane, ukusetshenziswa kokuziphatha.
Njengoba silwela ikusasa elisimeme nelikhathalela kakhulu imvelo, kubalulekile ukucabangela imithelela yezimiso zemikhuba yethu yokudla, ikakhulukazi maqondana nenhlalakahle yezilwane. Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane ngokuvamile kuhilela imikhuba engabangela ukulimala nokuhlupheka okungadingekile ezilwaneni. Kusukela ezimeni eziminyene nezingahlanzekile emapulazini emboni kuya ezindleleni ezinonya zokuhlaba, ukukhathazeka okuphathelene nokulima kwezilwane akunakushaywa indiva. Ngokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, sinethuba lokwenza umthelela omuhle enhlalakahleni yezilwane ngokunciphisa isidingo semikhiqizo etholakala ezilwaneni. Lokhu kushintshela ekusetshenzisweni kokuziphatha kuhambisana nokuqonda kwethu okukhulayo kokubaluleka kokuphatha zonke izinto eziphilayo ngozwelo nenhlonipho. Kuyisibopho somuntu ngamunye ukwenza izinqumo eziqaphelayo ezibeka kuqala inhlalakahle yezilwane futhi ezifaka isandla emphakathini onobuntu.
Ukulima okusimeme, ukulondoloza izinsiza.
Ngaphezu kokucatshangelwa kokuziphatha kwenhlalakahle yezilwane, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni nakho kunikeza inqwaba yezinzuzo zemvelo. Enye yezinzuzo ezinjalo ukukhuthazwa kwezolimo ezisimeme kanye nokugcinwa kwezinsiza ezibalulekile. Ukulima kwezilwane ngokwesiko kudinga isamba esikhulu somhlaba, amanzi, nemithombo yamandla ukuze kufuywe futhi kukhiqizwe imikhiqizo esekelwe ezilwaneni. Ngokuphambene, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunendawo ephansi kakhulu yezemvelo njengoba kudinga umhlabathi namanzi amancane ukuze kulinywe izitshalo uma kuqhathaniswa nokufuya izilwane ukuze zidle. Ngokuguqukela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni, singanciphisa ubunzima emithonjeni yethu yemvelo futhi sinciphise igalelo lethu ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, ukushoda kwamanzi, kanye nokukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa okuhlobene nokulima kwezilwane. Ukwamukela izinqubo zezolimo ezisimeme kanye nokugcina izinsiza ezibalulekile ngokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kubalulekile empilweni yesikhathi eside yomhlaba wethu kanye nempilo enhle yezizukulwane ezizayo.
Udoti oncishisiwe, umthelela omncane kwezemvelo.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yemvelo yokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ukuncishiswa kwemfucuza kanye nomphumela wokuncipha komthelela wendawo. Ukulima kwezilwane kwaziwa kabi ngokudala imfucuza eningi, okuhlanganisa umquba, amahomoni, ama-antibiotics, namanye amakhemikhali. Le mikhiqizo kadoti ivamise ukungena emigwaqweni yethu yamanzi, ingcolise imifula, amachibi, nolwandle, futhi ibeka ubungozi kuzinto eziphilayo zasemanzini nempilo yabantu. Ukwengeza, ukulahlwa kwezidumbu zezilwane kanye nokukhishwa kwemfucumfucu yezilwane kunomthelela ekungcoleni komoya nenhlabathi. Ngokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, singanciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwale mikhiqizo eyingozi, sinciphise umthelela wayo endaweni ezungezile. Izidlo ezisekelwe ezitshalweni zikhuthaza uhlelo lokudla oluzinzile futhi oluhlanzekile, oluhambisana nemigomo yomnotho oyindilinga kanye nokuphathwa kwezinsiza ngendlela efanele. Ngokunciphisa imfucuza kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wendawo, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunomthelela ekwenzeni iplanethi enempilo futhi ekwazi ukumelana nezizukulwane ezizayo.
Izilwandle ezinempilo, izilwane zasolwandle ezichumayo.
Ukuvikela impilo yezilwandle zethu kanye nokukhuthaza impilo yasolwandle ethuthukayo kuyisici esibalulekile sokugcinwa kwemvelo. Izinto ezenziwa abantu, njengokungcola, ukudoba ngokweqile, nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo, kuye kwafaka ukucindezela okukhulu ezintweni eziphilayo zasolwandle nezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, singadlala indima ebalulekile ekubuyiseleni le mithelela emibi. Ukwehliswa kwesidingo sokudla kwasolwandle neminye imikhiqizo esekelwe ezilwaneni kunciphisa isidingo semikhuba yokudoba ebhubhisayo futhi kusiza ukubuyisela ibhalansi esimweni semvelo sasolwandle. Ngokukhetha ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, singaba neqhaza olwandle olunempilo ngokunciphisa ukungcola, ukulondoloza izindawo zokuhlala, nokuvumela izilwane zasolwandle ukuba zichume. Lokhu kushintshela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusimama kwesikhathi eside kwezilwandle zethu kanye nokulondolozwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle.
Sengiphetha, ubufakazi busobala bokuthi ukwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kungaba nezinzuzo ezibalulekile zemvelo. Kusukela ekwehliseni ukukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa kuya ekulondolozeni imithombo yomhlaba namanzi, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunomthelela omuhle emhlabeni wethu. Ngokuthandwa okukhulayo nokufinyeleleka kwezinketho ezisekelwe esitshalweni, ukwenza ukushintshwa akukaze kube lula. Ngokuhlanganisa ukudla okuningi okusekelwe ezitshalweni ekudleni kwethu, sonke singabamba iqhaza ekwakheni ikusasa elinempilo nelizinzile lethu neplanethi yethu. Masithathe leli thuba ukwenza umthelela omuhle futhi samukele izinzuzo zokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni.
FAQ
Yiziphi ezinye zezinzuzo ezibalulekile zemvelo ezihlobene nokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni?
Ukwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zemvelo. Okokuqala, kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa njengoba ukukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kudinga umhlabathi omncane, amanzi, namandla uma kuqhathaniswa nezolimo zezilwane. Lokhu kusiza ukulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Okwesibili, ilondoloza izinsiza zamanzi njengoba ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ngokuvamile kunezinyathelo zamanzi eziphansi kunemikhiqizo yezilwane. Ukwengeza, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kusiza ukuvikela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngokunciphisa ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala okuhambisana nokufuya imfuyo. Okokugcina, kunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kanye ne-eutrophication ebangelwa ukugeleza kwemfucuza yezilwane. Sekukonke, ukushintshela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile esiya ezinhlelweni zokudla ezisimeme futhi ezinobungani nemvelo.
Ingabe ukukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni kufaka isandla kanjani ekukhishweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu?
Ukukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni kunomthelela ekukhishweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinto. Okokuqala, ukufuya imfuyo kuwumthombo omkhulu we-methane, igesi ebamba ukushisa enamandla, njengoba izilwane zikhipha i-methane ngesikhathi sokugayeka kokudla kanye nokubola komquba. Ukwengeza, ukulima kwezilwane kudinga umhlabathi omkhulu ukuze kudliwe futhi kukhiqizwe ukudla, okuholela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kanye nokukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi ekuthuthweni, ekusetshenzweni nasekufakweni kwesiqandisi kwemikhiqizo yezilwane kuqhubezela phambili ekungezeleleni ekukhishweni kwegesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwamanzi namakhemikhali umanyolo ekukhiqizeni ukudla kunomthelela ekungcolisweni kwamanzi kanye nokuncipha. Sekukonke, ukukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni kunomthelela omkhulu ekukhishweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ungakwazi yini ukuchaza umthelela wokugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwendawo okubangelwa imboni yemfuyo?
Umthelela wokugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala okubangelwa imboni yemfuyo ubalulekile. Ukugawula amahlathi ukuze kudliwe imfuyo kanye nokukhiqizwa kokudla kuholela ekucekeleni phansi kwezindawo ezibalulekile zezitshalo nezilwane ezingenakubalwa. Lokhu kulahlekelwa kwendawo yemvelo kuphazamisa izimiso zemvelo, kunomthelela ekulahlekeni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, futhi kusongela ukuphila kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezisengozini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kukhiphela isikhutha emkhathini, okwenza ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kushube. Imboni yemfuyo nayo inomthelela ekucekeleni phansi kwenhlabathi, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, kanye nokwanda kwesisi esingcolisa umoya, okuphinde kube nomthelela emvelweni. Sekukonke, ukubhekana nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwendawo okubangelwa imboni yemfuyo kubalulekile ukuze kulondolozwe ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kanye nokunciphisa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Yiziphi ezinye izindlela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni okungasiza ngazo ukulondoloza imithombo yamanzi?
Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kungasiza ukulondoloza imithombo yamanzi ngezindlela eziningana. Okokuqala, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ngokuvamile kudinga amanzi amancane ukuze kukhiqizwe uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni. Ukufuywa kwemfuyo, okuwumthombo omkhulu wenyama nobisi, kudla amanzi amaningi okuphuza izilwane, ukuchelela izitshalo zokudla kwezilwane kanye nezindawo zokuhlanza. Okwesibili, ukutshala izitshalo zokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kungasebenzisa amanzi ngendlela eyongayo njengoba kuqeda izinqubo zokusebenzisa amanzi kakhulu ezihilelekile ekukhuliseni izilwane. Okokugcina, ukuguqukela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunciphisa isidingo senyama, okungaholela ekwehleni kokungcoliswa kwamanzi okubangelwa ukugeleza kwemfucuza yezilwane. Sekukonke, ukwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kungasiza ekwehliseni ukushoda kwamanzi futhi kukhuthaze ukuphathwa kwamanzi okusimeme.
Ukwamukelwa kokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunomthelela kanjani ekwehliseni ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lamanzi?
Ukwamukelwa kokudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunomthelela ekwehliseni ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lamanzi ngezindlela eziningi. Okokuqala, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni ngokuvamile kudinga amanzi amancane okukhiqiza uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla okusekelwe ezilwaneni, njengoba izitshalo ngokuvamile zinezidingo eziphansi zamanzi. Lokhu kunciphisa ubunzima bemithombo yamanzi futhi kunciphisa inani lamanzi adingekayo kwezolimo, kwehlisa ingozi yokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Ukwengeza, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunciphisa isidingo sokufuya kakhulu, okuhambisana nokungcoliswa kwamanzi ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kukamanyolo, izibulala-zinambuzane, kanye nemfucuza yezilwane. Ngokukhetha izinketho ezisekelwe esitshalweni, abantu ngabanye bangasiza ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwamanzi futhi bakhuthaze ikhwalithi engcono yamanzi.
