Imvelo isinikeza ubuhle nezinsiza ezimangalisayo, kusukela emahlathini aluhlaza kuya ezilwaneni zasendle ezihlukahlukene. Nokho, ngezinga elishaqisayo, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kusongela la magugu. Enye yezinto ezinomthelela omkhulu kule nkinga yomhlaba wonke ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwezilwane nokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Njengoba isidingo semikhiqizo yezilwane sikhula, kanjalo nokwanda kwezolimo zezilwane, okuholela ekugawulweni okusabalele kwamahlathi ukuze kudliwe amadlelo kanye nokutshalwa kwezitshalo zokudla njengobhontshisi wesoya. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizongena kuwebhu eyinkimbinkimbi exhumanisa ukulima kwezilwane nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, futhi sihlole izixazululo ezisimeme kule nkinga ephuthumayo.
Isidingo Semikhiqizo Yezilwane kanye Nomphumela Waso Emvelweni
Isifiso semikhiqizo yezilwane siyakhula, sigqugquzelwa izici ezinjengokukhula kwenani labantu, ukufudukela emadolobheni, nokushintsha kwemikhuba yokudla. Ngenxa yalokho, imboni yezolimo ingaphansi kwengcindezi ekhulayo yokuhlangabezana nalesi sidingo, okuholela emiphumeleni eyingozi yemvelo.
Ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba, isidingo samadlelo engeziwe sibangela ukugawulwa kwamahlathi. Izindawo ezinkulu zamahlathi ziyagawulwa ukuze kwakhiwe indawo yokuklaba imfuyo. Lo mkhuba obhubhisayo awugcini nje ngokucekela phansi izindawo zokuhlala futhi uxoshe imiphakathi yendabuko kodwa futhi wandisa ukukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa kanye nezicucu zesimiso sezinto eziphilayo nendawo yazo ezungezile.
Ngokwesibonelo, eNingizimu Melika, ukwanda kokufuywa kwezinkomo kuye kwaholela ekuqothulweni okukhulu kwamahlathi ehlathi lase-Amazon. Ngokusho kweNational Academy of Sciences, cishe amaphesenti angama-60-70 ezindawo ezigawuliwe e-Amazon manje sezisetshenziswa njengamadlelo, ikakhulukazi ezinkomo.
Ubhontshisi Wesoya Nemfuyo
Okunye ukuxhumana okubalulekile phakathi kokulima kwezilwane nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kusekutshalweni kukabhontshisi wesoya njengokudla kwemfuyo. Isidlo sikabhontshisi wesoya siyingxenye enkulu yokudla kwezilwane, ikakhulukazi izinkukhu, izingulube, nezinhlanzi ezifuywayo. Lokhu kuye kwaphumela ekwandeni kokukhiqizwa kukabhontshisi wesoya, okubuye kube nomthelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi ngezinga elikhulu.
Enkabeni yehlathi lemvula lase-Amazon, izindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba ziye zaguqulwa zaba amasimu kabhontshisi wesoya ukuze zanelise isidingo esikhulayo somhlaba wonke sokudla kwemfuyo. Ngokocwaningo olushicilelwe ku-Nature, ukukhiqizwa kukabhontshisi wesoya kushayela cishe u-80% wokugawulwa kwamahlathi e-Amazon yaseBrazil.
Imiphumela yokugawulwa kwamahlathi okuqhutshwa ubhontshisi wesoya mibi. Ngokucekela phansi ihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon, elinye lamasinki ekhabhoni ayigugu kakhulu emhlabeni, sandisa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu futhi sifaka engozini inqwaba yezitshalo nezilwane. Ukwengeza, ukufuduka kwemiphakathi yendawo kanye nokulahlekelwa yimpilo yendabuko kuqhubezela phambili udaba.
Izindlela Zezolimo Eziqhubekayo njengendlela yokuya Phambili
Nakuba ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwezilwane nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kuyinto ekhathaza kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuhlola nokwamukela ezinye izixazululo ezikhuthaza ikusasa elisimeme. Ukusebenzisa izindlela zokulima ezinomthwalo wemfanelo kungasiza ekunciphiseni imithelela ezungezile futhi kubhekane nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuvikela amahlathi ethu.
I-Agroforestry ingenye yezindlela zokulima ezizinzile ezinikeza isisombululo esithembisayo. Le ndlela ihilela ukuhlanganisa izihlahla ezindaweni zokulima, kwakhiwe isimiso semvelo esivumelanayo. Ngokutshala izihlahla eduze kwamadlelo emfuyo, i-agroforestry isiza ukunciphisa ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, ithuthukise izinga lamanzi, futhi ithuthukise ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo. Ngenxa yalokho, le ndlela inciphisa isidingo sokuqhubeka nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kuyilapho inikeza izinzuzo eziningi kubalimi kanye nemvelo.
Ukwengeza, amadlelo ashintshayo athola ukuqashelwa njengendlela esebenzayo yokunciphisa umthelela wokulima kwezilwane emahlathini. Lo mkhuba ubandakanya ukuthutha imfuyo phakathi kwezindawo ezikhethiwe zokuklaba, okuvumela amadlelo ukuthi abuyele esimweni futhi akhule ngokwemvelo. Ngokunikeza indawo isikhathi sokuzivuselela, ukudlisa ngokushintshana kunciphisa isidingo sokugawula amahlathi engeziwe ukuze kwakhiwe amadlelo, okwakha umjikelezo osimeme futhi ovumelana nemvelo.
Amandla Okuzikhethela Kwabathengi
Njengabathengi abaqaphelayo, sinamandla okwenza umehluko ngokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nemikhuba yethu yokudla kanye nokusekela ezinye izindlela ezisimeme.
Ukuguqukela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunganciphisa kakhulu isidingo semikhiqizo yezilwane futhi ngenxa yalokho kwehlise ingcindezi kuwo womabili amahlathi kanye neplanethi yethu. Ngokukhetha ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni noma ngokuhlanganisa izinketho eziningi ezisekelwe ezitshalweni ekudleni kwethu, singakwazi ukufaka isandla ekulondolozweni kwamahlathi futhi silwe nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ukunyakaza kwe-vegan kanye nemifino sekunomfutho emhlabeni wonke, njengoba abantu bemukela indlela enobubele nekhathalela imvelo ekusetshenzisweni kokudla.
Ukweseka kanye nokumela izindlela zokulima ezinomthwalo wemfanelo kungenye indlela enomthelela abathengi abangabamba ngayo iqhaza ekulweni nokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Ngokukhetha imikhiqizo ezinkampanini ezibeka eqhulwini ezolimo ezisimeme, ezikhuthaza izinqubo ezivuselelayo, futhi zinciphise imithelela yemvelo, singakhuthaza izinguquko embonini yonkana futhi sidale isidingo sokulima ngendlela efanele.
Isiphetho
Ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwezilwane nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ngokungangabazeki kuyinhlekelele ecindezelayo emhlabeni wonke efuna ukunakwa kwethu ngokushesha. Ukwandiswa kokulima kwezilwane kubangela ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ngesidingo sokwengezwa kwamadlelo kanye nokutshalwa kukabhontshisi wesoya ukuze kutholakale ukudla kwemfuyo. Nokho, kunezixazululo ezisimeme esingakwazi ukuzifinyelela.
Ngokusebenzisa izinqubo ezifana ne-agroforestry kanye nokudlisa ngokushintshana, kanye nokukhetha ngobuqotho emikhubeni yethu yokudla, singakwazi ukusekela ukulima ngobuqotho futhi sinciphise umthelela omubi wokulima kwezilwane emahlathini ethu. Ngokubambisana, ake samukele ikusasa elisimeme, lapho ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwezilwane nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kunqanyulwa, futhi amahlathi ethu aziswa futhi avikelwe.
Isiphetho
Ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwezilwane nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ngokungangabazeki kuyinhlekelele ecindezelayo emhlabeni wonke efuna ukunakwa kwethu ngokushesha. Ukwandiswa kokulima kwezilwane kubangela ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ngesidingo sokwengezwa kwamadlelo kanye nokutshalwa kukabhontshisi wesoya ukuze kutholakale ukudla kwemfuyo. Nokho, kunezixazululo ezisimeme esingakwazi ukuzifinyelela.
Ngokusebenzisa izinqubo ezifana ne-agroforestry kanye nokudlisa ngokushintshana, kanye nokukhetha ngobuqotho emikhubeni yethu yokudla, singakwazi ukusekela ukulima ngobuqotho futhi sinciphise umthelela omubi wokulima kwezilwane emahlathini ethu. Ngokubambisana, ake samukele ikusasa elisimeme, lapho ukuxhumana phakathi kokulima kwezilwane nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kunqanyulwa, futhi amahlathi ethu aziswa futhi avikelwe.
