Izilwane
Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunomusa ngoba kunciphisa ukuhlupheka kwezilwane .
Ukwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni akuyona nje indaba yempilo yomuntu siqu noma umthwalo wemvelo—kuyisenzo esinamandla sobubele. Ngokwenza kanjalo, simelana nokuhlupheka okusakazekile kwezilwane ezixhashazwayo nezihlukunyezwayo ezinhlelweni zanamuhla zokulima kwezimboni.
Emhlabeni wonke, ezikhungweni ezinkulu ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “amapulazi asezimbonini,” izilwane ezinempilo enothile ngokomzwelo kanye nobuntu obubodwa zenziwa izinto nje. Lezi zidalwa ezizwelayo—ezikwazi ukuzwa injabulo, ukwesaba, ubuhlungu, nothando—zincishwa amalungelo azo ayisisekelo. Ziphathwa njengamayunithi okukhiqiza, zibaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yenyama, ubisi, noma amaqanda ezingawakhiqiza, esikhundleni sezimpilo ezinazo ngokwemvelo.
Imithetho ephelelwe yisikhathi kanye nezinkambiso zezimboni ziyaqhubeka nokusekela izinhlelo ezinganaki inhlalakahle engokomzwelo nengokwengqondo yalezi zilwane. Kulezi zindawo, umusa awukho, futhi ukuhlupheka kuvamile. Ukuziphatha nezidingo zemvelo zezinkomo, izingulube, izinkukhu, nezinye ezingenakubalwa zicindezelwa ngendlela ehlelekile, konke egameni lokusebenza kahle nenzuzo.
Kodwa zonke izilwane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziluphi uhlobo, zifanelwe ukuphila ukuphila okungenalo unya—ukuphila lapho zihlonishwa futhi zinakekelwa khona, zingaxhashazwa. Ezinkulungwaneni zezigidi zezilwane ezifuywa futhi zibulawe unyaka ngamunye ukuze zidliwe, lokhu kuseyiphupho elikude—elingenakufezeka ngaphandle koshintsho oluyisisekelo endleleni esizibheka ngayo nesiziphatha ngayo.
Ngokukhetha okusekelwe ezitshalweni, siyawenqaba umbono wokuthi izilwane ngezethu okufanele sizisebenzise. Siyaqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphila kwabo kubalulekile—hhayi ngenxa yalokho abangasinika kona, kodwa ngenxa yalokho abayikho. Uguquko olulula kodwa olujulile: ukusuka ekubuseni kuye ebubeleni, kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kuya ekuhlalisaneni.
Ukwenza lokhu kukhetha kuyisinyathelo esiphusile esibheke emhlabeni onobulungiswa, onozwela kuzo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo.
Izilwane ezingama-200.
Yileyo ndlela ezihlala ziningi umuntu angazigcina unyaka nonyaka ngokuhamba i-vegan.
AmaVegan enza Umehluko.
Ama-Vegans enza umehluko. Konke ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunciphisa isidingo sezilwane ezifuywa efekthri futhi kusindisa amakhulukhulu ezimpilo unyaka ngamunye. Ngokukhetha ububele, ama-vegans asiza ukudala umhlaba onomusa lapho izilwane zingaphila ngaphandle kokuhlupheka nokwesaba.
Izilwane Zingabantu Ngamunye
Abanenani elizimele ekusetshenzisweni kwabo kwabanye.
Zonke izilwane zifanelwe umusa nokuphila okuhle, kodwa izigidi eziqoqelwe ukudla zisahlupheka ngaphansi kwemikhuba yakudala. Isidlo ngasinye esisekelwe ezitshalweni sisiza ukwehlisa isidingo semikhiqizo yezilwane egcina le mikhuba eyingozi.
Ukudla okungenamsoco nokunakekelwa
Izilwane eziningi ezifuywayo ziyizidlo eziphakelwayo ezingahlangabezani nezidingo zazo zemvelo zokudla okunomsoco, ngokuvamile eziklanyelwe ukukhulisa ukukhula noma ukukhiqiza kunokuba nempilo. Ngokuhambisana nezimo zokuphila ezimbi kanye nokunakekelwa okuncane kodokotela wezilwane, lokhu kudebeselela kuholela ekuguleni, ekungondleki kahle, nasekuhluphekeni.
Izindlela ezingenabuntu zokuhlaba
Inqubo yokuhlaba izilwane ivame ukuphuthunyiswa futhi yenziwe ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezanele zokunciphisa ubuhlungu noma ukucindezeleka. Ngenxa yalokho, izilwane ezingenakubalwa zithola ukwesaba, ubuhlungu, nokuhlupheka okuhlala isikhathi eside ezikhathini zazo zokugcina, zisuswe isithunzi nobubele.
Ukuhlala ezimeni ezingezona ezemvelo nezivalelwe
Izigidi zezilwane ezifuyelwe ukudla zibekezelela ukuphila ezindaweni eziminyene, eziminyene lapho zingakwazi khona ukuveza ukuziphatha okungokwemvelo njengokuzulazula, ukufuna ukudla, noma ukuzijabulisa. Lokhu kuvalelwa isikhathi eside kubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, okulimaza kakhulu inhlalakahle yabo.
Kubantu abaningi, ukudla izilwane kuwumkhuba odluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane kunesinqumo samabomu. Ngokukhetha ububele, ungakwazi ukwamukela izilwane ngaphakathi kwendilinga yakho yomusa futhi usize ukukhuthaza umhlaba onozwelo.
Umuntu
Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunempilo ngoba kunothe ngemisoco yemvelo .
Izilwane akuzona zodwa ezizokubonga ngokudla ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni. Umzimba wakho cishe uzobonisa ukubonga kwawo. Ukwamukela ukudla okucebile okuphelele, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunikeza inala yezakhi ezibalulekile-amavithamini, amaminerali, i-fiber, nama-antioxidants-okusekela impilo enhle. Ngokungafani nemikhiqizo eminingi etholakala ezilwaneni, ukudla kwezitshalo ngokwemvelo kuphansi ngamafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol, okusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo ezingamahlalakhona.
Ucwaningo oluningi lwesayensi luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukudla okugxile ezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu, amantongomane, nembewu kungathuthukisa kakhulu impilo yenhliziyo, kusize ekulawuleni isisindo, ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini, futhi kwehlise namathuba okuba nezimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, imidlavuza ethile, nokukhuluphala. Ngaphandle kokuvimbela izifo, ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni nakho kukhuthaza ukugaya okungcono, kunciphisa ukuvuvukala, futhi kuqinisa amasosha omzimba.
Ukukhetha ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni akusona nje isinqumo sozwelo ezilwaneni nendawo ezungezile kodwa futhi kuyindlela enamandla yokondla umzimba wakho nokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yakho iyonke.
Iplanethi
Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuluhlaza ngoba kwehlisa umthelela wemvelo .
Ukushintshela ekudleni okusekelwe ezitshalweni kunganciphisa i-carbon footprint yakho kufika ku-50%. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhiqiza ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kukhiqiza amagesi abamba ukushisa amancane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nenyama nobisi. Ukufuywa kwemfuyo kuyimbangela yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke njengazo zonke ezokuthutha emhlabeni zihlangene. Igalelo elikhulu i-methane—igesi ekhiqizwa izinkomo nezimvu—enamandla aphindwe izikhathi ezingu-25 kune-carbon dioxide (CO₂).
Ngaphezu kwama-37% omhlaba okuhlalwa kuwo usetshenziselwa ukufuya izilwane ukuze zidle. E-Amazon, cishe amaphesenti angama-80 omhlaba ogawuliwe agawuliwe ukuze kudliwe izinkomo. Lokhu kushintsha kokusetshenziswa komhlaba kunomthelela omkhulu ekucekeleni phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala, okungenye yezimbangela eziphambili zokuqothulwa kwezilwane zasendle. Eminyakeni engu-50 nje edlule, silahlekelwe ngamaphesenti angama-60 ezilwane zasendle emhlabeni wonke, iningi lazo ngenxa yokwanda kokufuywa kwezilwane ezimbonini.
Izindleko zemvelo azipheli ngendawo. Ukulima kwezilwane kudla cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yamanzi ahlanzekile ale planethi. Isibonelo, ukukhiqiza ikhilogremu elilodwa nje lenyama yenkomo kudinga amalitha amanzi angaphezu kuka-15,000, kuyilapho ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni zisebenzisa ingxenye encane yalokho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane bayazabalaza ukuze bathole amanzi ahlanzekile—okuqokomisa isidingo esiphuthumayo sesimiso sokudla esizinzile.
Ukwengeza, cishe u-33% wezitshalo zomhlaba wonke ezisanhlamvu zisetshenziselwa ukondla izilwane zasemapulazini, hhayi abantu. Lokhu okusanhlamvu esikhundleni salokho kungadla abantu abafika ku-3 billion emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokukhetha ukudla okwengeziwe okusekelwe ezitshalweni, asinciphisi nje kuphela ukulimala kwendawo ezungezile kodwa futhi sidlulela esikhathini esizayo lapho umhlaba, amanzi, nokudla kusetshenziswa khona ngokulinganayo nangempumelelo—kokubili abantu neplanethi.
Ukulima kwezilwane kukhonjwa yiNhlangano Yezizwe njengezinye zezinto ezinomthelela omkhulu ezinkingeni ezinkulu zemvelo, okuhlanganisa:
Ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Ukulima kwezilwane kuqhuba ukuguqulwa kwamahlathi, izizinda ezinotshani, namaxhaphozi abe amadlelo futhi kuphakele izitshalo zokulima okukodwa. Lokhu kucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zemvelo kuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane, kuphazamise izimiso zemvelo ezintekenteke nokunciphisa ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo emhlabeni wonke.
Ukushabalala kwezinhlobo zezilwane
Njengoba izindawo zemvelo zisuswa ukuze kuvuleleke imfuyo nokudla kwayo, izinhlobo ezingenakubalwa zilahlekelwa amakhaya azo kanye nemithombo yokudla. Lokhu kulahlekelwa ngokushesha kwendawo yokuhlala kungenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zokuqothulwa komhlaba wonke, okusongela ukuphila kwezilwane nezitshalo ezisengozini.
Ukucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi
Amahlathi emvula afana ne-Amazon agawulwa ngezinga elishaqisayo, ngokuyinhloko ukuze kudliwe izinkomo nokukhiqizwa kwesoya (iningi lawo eliphakela imfuyo, hhayi abantu). Lokhu kugawulwa kwamahlathi akukhiphi nje amanani amakhulu e-CO₂ kodwa futhi kucekela phansi imvelo ecebe kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ulwandle 'izindawo ezifile'
Ukugeleza okuvela emapulazini ezilwane-okucebile nge-nitrogen ne-phosphorus-kungena emifuleni futhi ekugcineni olwandle, okwenza "izindawo ezifile" ezinomoya-mpilo omncane lapho izilwane zasolwandle zingakwazi ukuphila. Lezi zindawo ziphazamisa izindawo zokudoba kanye nemvelo yasolwandle, okusongela ukutholakala kokudla kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu
Ukufuya izilwane ukuze zidle kuwumthombo oyinhloko wamagesi abamba ukushisa—ikakhulukazi i-methane evela ezinkomeni ne-nitrous oxide evela kumquba nomanyolo. Lokhu kukhishwa kunamandla kakhulu kune-carbon dioxide, okwenza ukulima kwezilwane kube umshayeli omkhulu wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ukushoda kwamanzi amasha
Ukukhiqiza inyama nobisi kudla kakhulu amanzi. Kusukela ekukhuliseni ukudla kwezilwane kuya ekunikezeni amanzi okuphuza emfuyo namapulazi efektri yokuhlanza, ukulima kwezilwane kudla ingxenye enkulu yamanzi ahlanzekile omhlaba—kuyilapho abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyinkulungwane bengenawo amanzi ahlanzekile anokwethenjelwa.
Ukulahlekelwa indawo yezilwane zasendle
Izindawo zemvelo ezake zasekela izilwane zasendle ezihlukahlukene ziguqulwa zibe indawo yokulima imfuyo noma izitshalo ezifana nommbila nesoya. Njengoba zingenandawo, izilwane zasendle eziningi zibhekene nokuncipha kwenani labantu, ukwanda kwezingxabano phakathi kwabantu nezilwane zasendle, noma ukushabalala.
Ukungcoliswa komoya, amanzi nomhlabathi
Ukulima kwezilwane ezimbonini kukhiqiza imfucuza eminingi engcolisa umoya, imifula, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, nomhlabathi. I-ammonia, i-methane, ama-antibiotics, namagciwane akhishelwe endaweni ezungezile alimaza impilo yabantu, acekele phansi imithombo yemvelo, futhi andise ukumelana namagciwane.
Hamba ngezitshalo, ngoba umhlaba onempilo, ozinzile, onomusa, futhi onokuthula uyakubiza.
Ngokusekelwe Ezitshalweni, Ngoba Ikusasa Liyasidinga.
Umzimba onempilo, iplanethi ehlanzekile, nomhlaba onomusa konke kuqala emapuletini ethu. Ukukhetha okusekelwe esitshalweni kuyisinyathelo esinamandla sokunciphisa ukulimala, imvelo yokwelapha, nokuphila ngokuhambisana nobubele.
Impilo esekelwe ezitshalweni ayigcini nje ngokudla—iwubizo lokuthula, ubulungisa, nokusimama. Kuyindlela esibonisa ngayo inhlonipho ngokuphila, umhlaba, nezizukulwane ezizayo.
