Ukudotshwa komsila, umkhuba obandakanya ukunqunywa kwengxenye yomsila wesilwane, sekuyisikhathi eside kuyisihloko sempikiswano kanye nenkulumo-mpikiswano ngokuziphatha. Yize ijwayele ukuhlotshaniswa nezinja, le nqubo ijwayele ukwenziwa emfuyweni, ikakhulukazi ezingulubeni. Ngaphandle kwezizathu ezihlukahlukene zokumisa umsila ezinhlotsheni zonkana—kusukela kubuhle bezinja ukuya ekuvimbeleni ubuzimu ezingulubeni—imithelela ekhona enhlalakahleni yezilwane ihlala ifana ngendlela emangalisayo. Ukususwa kwengxenye yomsila wesilwane kungalimaza kakhulu ikhono lazo lokuxhumana futhi kubangele ubuhlungu obungapheli.
Ezinjeni, ukudotshwa komsila ikakhulukazi kuqhutshwa amazinga ohlobo kanye nezintandokazi zobuhle. Izinhlangano ezifana ne-American Kennels Club (AKC) zigcina imihlahlandlela eqinile leyo gunya yokumisa izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, naphezu kokuphikiswa okwandayo okuvela kudokotela wezilwane ochwepheshe kanye nabakhulumeli bezenhlalakahle yezilwane . Ngokuphambene, kumongo wezilwane zasemapulazini, ukudotshwa komsila kuvamise ukulinganiswa njengesidingo sokugcina ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwenyama . Isibonelo, amazinyane engulube ayadojwa ukuze anqande ukulunywa umsila, ukuziphatha okwenziwa kube kubi nakakhulu izimo ezicindezelayo nezingenabuntu zamapulazi efektri.
Ngokomlando, umsuka wokudotshwa komsila ungalandelelwa kubuyele emuva kwemikhuba yasendulo esekelwe enkolelweni eyize nezinkolelo eziyiphutha mayelana nokuvinjelwa kwezifo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umqondo wavela, nokudotshwa komsila kwazuza ukuvelela ngekhulu le-16 nele-17 njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinja ezilwayo. Namuhla, lo mkhuba usaqhubeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, ezifaka ukuphepha okucatshangwayo, ukuhlanzeka, kanye nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuzalanisa, nakuba lokhu kulungisiswa kuya ngokuya kubhekwa njengokunganele futhi kuyinkinga ngokokuziphatha.
I-athikili icubungula ezindabeni ezixubile ezithinta ukudotshwa komsila, ihlola umongo wayo womlando, izizathu zokuqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kwayo, kanye nemithelela ebalulekile yenhlalakahle yazo zombili izinja nezilwane zasemapulazini. Igcizelela isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuhlolwa kabusha kwalo mkhuba, kumela ezinye izindlela zobuntu kanye nemithetho eqinile yokuvikela inhlalakahle yezilwane.
Nakuba ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinja, imfuyo—ikakhulukazi izingulube—ivame ukuba ngaphansi komsila . Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinhlobo ezifakwe emanzini, kunemiphumela eminingi efanayo enhlalakahleni yezilwane . Ukuthatha ingxenye yomsila wesilwane kungaphazamisa ikhono lazo lokukhuluma futhi kubangele ubuhlungu obungapheli.
Endabeni yezinja, ukudotshwa komsila ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngenjongo yobuhle kuphela, kanti ezilwaneni zasemapulazini, inqubo yenzelwa ukugcina ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kusebenza kahle. Isibonelo, esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokumisa imisila yengulube ukugwema ubuzimu. Izingulube zivame ukudlana zodwa ngenxa yesithukuthezi ngenxa yezimo zepulazi ezinonya.
Iyini I-Docked Tail?
Umsila oboshiwe umsila ofinyezwe ngokunqunywa. Ngezinye izikhathi, inqubo iyadingeka ngokwezokwelapha; isibonelo, ngenxa yokulimala. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, izizathu zokumisa umsila ziwubuhle noma zibangelwa izimo ezimbi zokuhlala emapulazini embonini.
Ukudotshwa kuvame ukwenziwa ezilwaneni ezifuywayo, okuhlanganisa izimvu nezingulube, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinkomo. Ezinye izinja zinemisila eboshiwe. Izindinganiso ze-American Kennel Clubs '(AKC) zezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zidinga ukumisa umsila. Ukuma kwabo ngenqubo kuhleli kungashintshile, yize amanye amazwe - njenge-UK - enomthetho okhona ovimbela ukumisa ezimweni eziningi.
Akuyona yonke inja enomsila ogobile ebekezele ukudotshwa. Kunedlanzana lezinhlobo, ezifana neBoston Terriers, ezivame ukuba nemisila emifushane ngokwemvelo.
Umlando Omfishane We-Tail Docking
Imvelaphi yakho konke ukugoqa umsila ekugcineni ifika ekusizeni komuntu . AmaRoma asendulo ayecabanga ukuthi ukusika ichopho lomsila (futhi ngezinye izikhathi izingxenye zolimi) kwakuzovikela izinja ekungenweni amarabi. Nokho, lapho kutholakala imbangela yangempela yalesi sifo, lo mkhuba wawungasasetshenziswa.
Ukumisa umsila ezinjeni kwaphinde kwaduma phakathi nekhulu le-16 nele-17 ngenxa yenkolelo yokuthi kwakuzokwenza izinja ezilwayo zisheshe. “Njengebhonasi,” ukunqamula imisila yezinja ezilwayo kususe inketho yokubamba izimbangi.
Kungani Imisila Yezinja Inamathiselwe?
Namuhla, kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani umsila wenja ungase ufakwe. Eyokuqala, futhi esemthethweni, ukuthi balimele umsila, futhi ukumisa idokodo kuwukwelapha. Isibonelo, ngezinye izikhathi le nqubo yenziwa ezinjeni "ezinomsila ojabulisayo" ongapheli - isimo lapho zihlala zishaya umsila wazo ezindongeni noma kwezinye izinto, okuholela ekulimaleni okuqhubekayo - noma izinja eziphule umsila.
Ngaphezu kwesidingo sezokwelapha, kunezinye izizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani umsila wenja ungase umiswe. Phakathi kwazo kukhona ukuphepha okucatshangwayo, ukuhlanzeka kanye nobuhle. I-American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) ayibheki noma yisiphi salezi zizathu njengembangela efanelekile yokunqunywa kwesitho.
Izinja ezisebenzayo, njengalezo ezisetshenziswa abantu njengezinja ezigadayo nasekuzingeleni, ngokuvamile zinqunywa imisila ukuze zingalimali. Ezinye izinja ezinezinwele ezinde zimise imisila yazo ngenjongo yokuhlanzeka, nakuba inqubo yokuhlinzwa kungafanele neze yenziwe lapho ukuzilungisa kwanele.
Mhlawumbe esinye sezizathu eziwubuwula kakhulu zokuthi imisila yezinja ifakwe ukunamathela ezindinganisweni zokuzalanisa. Ngisho nezinja zozalo ezingasoze zalufaka unyawo embukisweni zivame ukunqunywa imisila ngemva nje kokuzalwa.
Eqinisweni, umthengi ngokuvamile kufanele acacise ngaphambi kokuthi umdlwane wabo omusha uzalwe uma bengafuni ukuthi umsila wenja yabo udojwe. Ama-boxer, ama-Dobermans, ama-Corgis kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zonke zinemisila eboshiwe njengomkhuba ojwayelekile.
Gada Izinja
Abagqugquzeli bokumiswa komsila wezinja eziqaphile baveza ukuthi isigebengu singase sibambe umsila ukuze simise noma siphazamise inja.
Ukuzingela Izinja
Izinja ezizingelayo zithunyelwa ngaphansi kwebhulashi ukuze zixoshe izilwane zasendle. Ngokusho kwabasekeli be-docking, izinja ezizingelayo zisengozini yokulimaza imisila yazo ngaphansi kwebhulashi, lapho ama-burrs nama-brambles angaqoqana eboyeni bawo futhi kamuva abangele izifo, nakuba abamelene ne-tail docking beveza ukuthi lokhu akuvamile.
Izinja Ezinezinwele Ezinde
Ezinhlotsheni zezinja ezinezinwele ezinde, ukuhlanzeka kuvame ukuba yisizathu esisetshenziselwa ukuthethelela ukudotshwa komsila. Izinja ezinezinwele ezinde zisengozini yokuba namabrambles, indle noma ezinye izinto eziphothene eboyeni bazo. Kodwa-ke, ukuzilungisa okuvamile kuvame ukwanele ukuvimbela lokhu kungabi yinkinga.
Inhlanzeko futhi iyisizathu esisetshenziselwa ukunquma ukunqunywa imisila yezinkomo emapulazini asezimbonini - inqubo engaholela ebuhlungu besikhathi eside kanye nokuphazamiseka kokukhulumisana. Isikhathi eside, ukumisa imisila yezinkomo zobisi kwakuyisenzo esivamile, njengoba abalimi babecabanga ukuthi kuzonciphisa ingozi yesifo se-mastitis futhi kuthuthukise inhlanzeko jikelele.
Nokho, kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, lo mkhuba uye waba nombango. Njengoba kunjalo ngezinja, i-AVMA iphikisana nezinkomo zokumisa umsila njengomkhuba ojwayelekile, njengoba ucwaningo luye lwafakazela ukuthi izinzuzo eziningi ezikhangisiwe azikho ngempela . Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umkhuba ungaholela kokubili ubuhlungu obunzima futhi obungapheli, izifo nokuziphatha okungavamile.
Izizathu zezimonyo
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokudokha i-cosmetic, noma noma yikuphi ukudokha okwenziwa njalo esikhundleni somphumela wesidingo sezokwelapha. Ngokusho kwe-AVMA, ukumisa imisila yonogada, izinja ezinezinwele ezinde nezizingelayo ngenxa nje yejazi lazo noma umsebenzi wazo kuwubuhle.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-cosmetic docking ngokuvamile ayihlangene nhlobo nenhlalakahle yenja, ivame ukuba nempikiswano enkulu, i-AVMA iwugxeka lo mkhuba.
Ingabe Kuwunya Ukudobha Umsila Wenja?
Imidlwane ebamba umsila ngokomlando ibiphathwa ngendlela efanayo namaphuphu engulube abamba umsila - uma esemancane ngokwanele, umcabango ukuthi awabuzwa ubuhlungu obuningi. Kodwa-ke, kuzo zombili izimo, ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi inqubo iphumela ekukhaleni kobuhlungu.
Ucwaningo lwemidlwane engu-50 ngaleso sikhathi eyayinomsila lwaqoshwa ukukhala kobuhlungu kuyo yonke . Ngemva kokukhishwa imisila, baqhubeka nokukhwishiza futhi bekhala isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu emibili.
Ngendlela efanayo, ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi amazinyane engulube ayahlupheka lapho evalelwe enezinsuku ezimbalwa nje ubudala. Ayinswinini nje ngenxa yobuhlungu, kodwa futhi ayinyakazi kakhulu kunamantshontsho engulube angayenzi inqubo.
Yiziphi Izinhlobo Ezidotshwa Umsila?
Izinhlobo eziningi zithola umsila. Izinkomba eziningi nezinye izinja zokuzingela - izikhombisi ze-German shorthair kanye ne-Vizslas, isibonelo - zidokhiwe. Ama-schnauzers ajwayelekile kanye nama-Neopolitan mastiffs ngokuvamile anemisila edokiwe. Ngisho nezinye izinhlobo ezincane, njenge-Jack Russell terriers, imisila iyasuswa kancane.
Kungani Ukumiswa Komsila Kuyinkinga?
Ngaphezu komthelela oqondile wezinga lempilo yezilwane, ukudotshwa komsila nakho kubeka isibonelo esiyingozi. Njengoba ukudotshwa komsila kungasathandwa kodokotela bezilwane, abantu ngabanye bangase bazithwalele mathupha noma bafune abantu abangafaneleki kangako ukuze bamhlinze .
Ukuqhubekisela phambili ukudotshwa komsila njengendinganiso yohlobo lwezinja eziningi, kuyilapho kuhlobanisa imisila eboshiwe nokuqina - ikakhulukazi kumaDobermans, amaRottweilers nezinye izinhlobo ezisebenzayo - kuzibeka engcupheni yokwenza imisebenzi yokumisa ekhaya.
Ukudotshwa Komsila Kubuhlungu
Nakuba ucwaningo oluncane luye lwenziwa ukuze kutholwe ukuthi izinja ezimise imisila ziyabubekezelela yini ubuhlungu ukuphila konke, olunye ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi ngesikhathi inqunywa, imidlwane eminingi yayiklabalasa bese iqhubeka nokuhayiza ize ilale.
Ukudotshwa komsila ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezinhlanu ubudala. Ngenxa yengozi yokubulala imidlwane enjengalena, inqubo ngokuvamile yenziwa imidlwane iqaphile.
Kunobufakazi obusikisela ukuthi izimiso zezinzwa zezilwane ezithola ukulimala okudabukisayo - njengokumisa imisila yazo - azikhuli ngendlela evamile .
Ukudotshwa Komsila Kungabangela Izinkinga Zokuziphatha
Abanye ochwepheshe basikisela ukuthi izinja ezinemisila eboshiwe zidonsa kanzima ukuze zikhulume, okwenza kube khona ukuxhumana okunolaka . Kukhona impikiswano ethile ezungeze umthelela wangempela wokumisa umsila ekuziphatheni; ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile.
Imisila Isetshenziselwa Izinjongo Zokuxhumana
Okusobala ukuthi umsila udlala indima ebalulekile ekukhulumisaneni - hhayi nje nezinye izilwane, kodwa futhi nabantu.
Inja enomsila onyakazayo ivame ukubonwa ngabantu njengejabule, kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso ngempela. Ukunyakazisa umsila kungasho ukuthi inja ikhathazekile, futhi kungasho nokuthi umuzwa wayo wokulwa noma wokundiza uyasebenza. Ukukwazi ukubona umsila wonke kwenza kube lula ukunquma ukuthi inja izwani .
Akuzona izinja kuphela ezidinga umsila wazo ukuxhumana; nakuba mncane, umsila wengulube nawo uyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuxhumana .
Ingabe I-Tail Docking Isemthethweni?
Ukudotshwa komsila kuvinjelwe emazweni nasezifundeni emhlabeni jikelele. Ezingxenyeni eziningi zaseNingizimu Melika naseYurophu, e-Iceland, e-Australia naseNingizimu Afrika, kunemithetho evimbela ukususwa komsila wezinja ezimweni eziningi.
Nokho, imfuyo ayikujabuleli ukuvikeleka okufanayo ezindaweni eziningi. Nakuba i-EU ithathe izinyathelo zokuqeda ukufakwa komsila kumantshontsho engulube njengenqubo evamile, kwamanye amazwe, izingulube ezincane zisaboshiwe njalo. Kulawo mazwe aphumelele ekuqedeni ukumisa umsila, ukuhlinzeka ngokucebisa okwengeziwe kube ukhiye ofakazelwe .
Ingabe Ukumiswa Komsila Kuthinta Ukuziphatha Kwenja?
Ukudotshwa komsila kwenza kube nzima ukuthi izinja zixhumane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ezinye izinja noma abantu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kulula ukuthi izinhloso zabo zingaqondwa kahle, okuholela ezenzakalweni eziphezulu zokusebenzelana okunolaka .
Kwaqala Nini Ukunamathisela Umsila Ngezinjongo Zobuhle?
Nakuba ukudotshwa komsila kwenziwa izinkulungwane zeminyaka ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ukudotshwa kwezimonyo - okwenziwa ngezinjongo zobuhle kuphela - kwaduma kamuva nje. Ngeminyaka yawo-1950s imibukiso yezinja e-United States yokufaka izimonyo ngokusemthethweni, iphoqa abafuyi abaningi nababheki ukuthi bamise izinja ukuze zihambisane nezindinganiso zohlobo.
Ukuphikiswa kodokotela bezilwane kulo mkhuba sekuqhubeke isikhathi eside njengoba abantu bebambe imisila ngokungadingekile, enye incwadi ikugxeka kusukela ngo-1854.
Kungani Inqubomgomo ye-AVMA Iphikisana Ne-Cosmetic Tail Docking?
I-AVMA iphikisana nokudotshwa komsila we-cosmetic, kucatshangelwa noma yikuphi ukudotshwa komsila okwenziwa ngokujwayelekile njengesimonyo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abagcini nje ngokumelene nokufaka imisila yezilwane ezifuywayo, kodwa futhi nokumiswa okujwayelekile kwezinja zokuzingela noma ezisebenzayo.
Kungani i-AKC Isekela I-Cosmetic Tail Docking?
I-American Kennel Club isekela ukumiswa komsila ukuze kulondolozwe “izindinganiso zokuzalanisa.” Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi abanye abantu banqume ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi izinhlobo ezithile “zibukeka kangcono” ezinemisila emifushane, wonke amalungu alolu hlobo kufanele amise imisila - ikakhulukazi uma abanakekeli bawo befisa ukuwafaka emibukisweni yezinja.
Yiziphi Izingxabano Ezimelene Ne-Tail Docking?
Ezinjeni, kunezimpikiswano ezimbili ezinkulu ezimelene nokudotshwa komsila: uma kwenziwa njalo kuyinqubo engadingekile futhi ebuhlungu, futhi kuthinta ikhono lezinja lokuxhumana nezinye izinja kanye nabantu.
Ngaphandle kokuba kuyiqiniso okufanayo ngezilwane zasemapulazini, inqubo ihlala emhlabeni wonke, ngokuhlehla okulinganiselwe kuphela.
Ongakwenza
Okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, cabanga lapho uthola khona amalungu omndeni anoboya besikhathi esizayo. Ukutholwa endaweni yokukhosela noma ukubuyisela ekhaya ilungu lomndeni noma umngane ongakwazi ukugcina isilwane somndeni osithandayo ngokuvamile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuhamba.
Kodwa-ke, uma izingosi zakho zisethelwe ohlotsheni oluthile, qiniseka ukuthi wenza ucwaningo oluningi ngabafuyi bese ukhetha lowo, ngokufanelekile, ongayifaki imisila yezinja zabo. Okungenani, cela ukuthi umsila womdlwane wakho omusha ungadokhiwe ngaphambi kokuba uzalwe.
Qaphela: Lokhu okuqukethwe bekushicilelwe ekuqaleni ku-SeintMedia.org futhi kungahle kungabonisi imibono yesisekelo Humane Foundation.
