Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kuyinkinga enkulu yendawo ezungezile ebilokhu yenzeka ngesilinganiso esishaqisayo amashumi eminyaka. Ukucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi akuthinti nje kuphela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nendawo yemvelo yezinhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo, kodwa futhi kunemiphumela ebalulekile esimweni sezulu seplanethi yethu. Nakuba izici eziningi zinomthelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, enye yezimbangela eziphambili ukukhiqizwa kwenyama. Njengoba isidingo senyama emhlabeni silokhu sikhula, siyanda isidingo somhlaba wokufuya nokutshala izitshalo zokudla. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ekwandeni komhlaba wokulima, ngokuvamile ngenxa yamahlathi emvula ayigugu emhlabeni wethu. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ubudlelwano phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, nokuthi ukukhetha esikwenzayo ekudleni kwethu kungaba nomthelela oqondile empilweni yeplanethi yethu. Sizocubungula imiphumela yokukhiqizwa kwenyama emahlathini emvula, imiphumela emiphakathini yendabuko kanye nezilwane zasendle, nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo esingazithatha ukuze sinciphise igalelo lethu ekugawulweni kwamahlathi. Sekuyisikhathi sokwembula ukuxhumana okufihliwe phakathi kwamapuleti ethu nokucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi ethu emvula. Ake singene sihlole iqiniso elibuhlungu lokugawulwa kwamahlathi emapuletini ethu.
Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kubasa amazinga okugawulwa kwamahlathi
Iqiniso elithusayo liwukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kudlala indima enkulu ekuqhubekiseni izinga lokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Njengoba isidingo somhlaba wonke senyama silokhu sikhula, umhlaba omningi uyagezwa ukuze kuvuleke imfuyo kanye nokukhiqizwa kokudla kwezilwane. Ukwandiswa kwamadlelo kanye nokutshalwa kwezitshalo ezifana nobhontshisi wesoya, osetshenziswa kakhulu njengokudla kwezilwane, kuye kwaholela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kakhulu ezindaweni ezifana nehlathi lase-Amazon. Lokhu kucekelwa phansi okubanzi kwezindawo ezinamahlathi akuphumeleli nje kuphela ekulahlekelweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nezindawo ezibalulekile zokuhlala zezilwane ezingenakubalwa kodwa futhi kunomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu ngokukhiphela inani elikhulu lesikhutha emkhathini. Ukuhlobana phakathi kokudliwa kwenyama nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kugcizelela isidingo esiphuthumayo sokubhekana nokukhetha kwethu ukudla kanye nokuhlola ezinye izindlela ezisimeme ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulondolozwa kwamahlathi emvula ayigugu eplanethi yethu.
Amahlathi emvula agawuliwe ukuze kudliwe izilwane
Ukuguqulwa kwamahlathi emvula abe amadlelo okufuya izilwane kuwumphumela ophathelene nokudliwa kwenyama. Lo mkhuba awugcini nje ngokuqhuba amazinga okugawulwa kwamahlathi kodwa futhi ubeka usongo olukhulu endaweni ezungezile ebucayi yamahlathi emvula emhlabeni wonke. Ukugawulwa kwendawo ukuze kudliwe izilwane kuphazamisa ibhalansi yemvelo yalezi zindawo zemvelo ezinhlobonhlobo, okuholela ekufudukeni nasekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi emvula ngenxa yale njongo kukhipha inani elikhulu lesikhutha emkhathini, okwenza kube kubi nakakhulu ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Kubalulekile ukuthi abathengi baqaphele umthelela omubi wokuklaba kwezilwane emahlathini emvula futhi bacabangele ukukhetha ukudla okusimeme ukuze kuncishiswe ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okuqhubekayo.
Umhlaba osetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ukudla
Ububanzi bomhlaba osetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ukudla kungenye into ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe lapho kuhlolwa umthelela wokusetshenziswa kwenyama ekugawulweni kwamahlathi. Isidingo sokudla kwezilwane, njengobhontshisi wesoya nommbila, sinomthelela ekwandiseni indawo yokulima, ngokuvamile ngokulahlekelwa imvelo ebalulekile yemvelo. Lokhu kwanda kungaholela ekuguqulweni kwezindawo zokuhlala ezihlukene nezibalulekile ngokwezemvelo zibe izinkambu zokulima okukodwa okuzinikele ekondleni imfuyo kuphela. Ukutshalwa kwezitshalo zokudla kudinga inani elikhulu lomhlabathi, amanzi, nezinsiza, okubeka umthwalo owengeziwe emithonjeni yemvelo kakade elinganiselwe. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kungasiza ekwehliseni ingcindezi emhlabeni osetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kokuphakelayo, ukukhuthaza ukulondolozwa kwezinhlelo zemvelo ezibalulekile kanye nokukhuthaza izinqubo ezisimeme zokuphatha umhlaba.
Umthelela emiphakathini yendabuko
Umthelela wokusetshenziswa kwenyama ekugawulweni kwamahlathi udlulela ngalé kokukhathazeka kwemvelo futhi uthinta ngokuqondile imiphakathi yendabuko. Abantu bomdabu bavame ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinamahlathi futhi banokuxhumana okujulile nomhlaba kanye nemithombo yawo. Ukunwetshwa komhlaba wokulima ukuze kukhiqizwe inyama kugxambukela ezindaweni zabo, okuholela ekususweni kwabantu ezindaweni zabo, ekulahlekelweni yimpilo yesintu, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwamasiko. Imiphakathi yomdabu ithembele emahlathini ukuze ithole ukudla, imithi, nemikhuba engokomoya, futhi ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kubeka engozini indlela yayo yokuphila. Ukwengeza, ukucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi kunciphisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo le miphakathi ethembele kuzo ukuze iphile. Ukuqaphela nokuhlonipha amalungelo nolwazi lwabantu bomdabu kubalulekile ekubhekaneni nemithelela engemihle yokusetshenziswa kwenyama kanye nokuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwamasiko nenhlalakahle yabo.
Ukulahlekelwa kwezinto eziphilayo embonini yenyama
Iqhaza elikhulu lemboni yenyama ekulahlekeni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo alinakushalazelwa. Ukwanda kokulima kwezilwane kuholela ekucekeleni phansi kwezindawo zemvelo, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezingenakubalwa. Njengoba amahlathi egawulwa ukuze kuvuleke indawo yamadlelo noma kutshalwe izitshalo zokudla kwezilwane, izimiso zemvelo ezibalulekile ziyaphazamiseka, futhi inani lezilwane zasendle liyathinteka kakhulu. Ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo akuthinti nje kuphela ukulingana kwezimiso zemvelo kodwa futhi kunemiphumela efinyelela kude ekulondekeni kokudla emhlabeni wonke kanye nenhlalakahle yabantu. Kubalulekile ukuthi sibhekane nemiphumela elimazayo yemboni yenyama ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo futhi sihlole izinhlelo ezisimeme nezinye zokukhiqiza ukudla ukuze sinciphise omunye umonakalo emvelweni wethu wezinto eziphilayo ezibucayi.
Izinketho zenyama eziqhubekayo ziyatholakala
Ekuphenduleni ukukhathazeka kwemvelo okuhlobene nokudliwa kwenyama, kuye kwaba nesithakazelo esikhulayo kanye nokuqanjwa okusha kwezinye izindlela eziqhubekayo zenyama. Lezi zindlela ezihlukile zinikeza isixazululo esisebenzayo kubantu abafuna ukunciphisa indawo yabo yemvelo kuyilapho bejabulela ukudla okunothe ngamaprotheni nokwanelisayo. Ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, ezifana ne-tofu, tempeh, ne-seitan, zamukelwe kabanzi futhi zinikeza ukunambitheka okuhlukahlukene kanye nokuthungwa ukuze kuhambisane nezintandokazi ezihlukahlukene zokupheka. Ukwengeza, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe bokudla kuphinde kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwenyama ekhulisiwe, ekhiqizwa ngokuhlakulela amaseli ezilwane endaweni yelebhu. Lezi zindlela eziqhubekayo azigcini nje ngokunciphisa isidingo sokukhiqizwa kwenyama yendabuko kodwa futhi zidinga imithombo yemvelo embalwa, zikhipha amagesi abamba ukushisa ambalwa, futhi zinciphise ukukhathazeka kwenhlalakahle yezilwane. Njengoba kunezinhlobonhlobo ezikhulayo zezinye izindlela eziqhubekayo zenyama ezitholakalayo, abantu manje banethuba lokwenza izinqumo eziqaphela kakhulu futhi ezinobungani bemvelo mayelana nemikhuba yabo yokudla.
Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kusiza amahlathi
Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni nasekulondolozeni amahlathi. Imboni yenyama iyimbangela enkulu yokugawulwa kwamahlathi, njengoba umhlaba omningi uyagawulwa ukuze kuvuleke imfuyo kanye nokutshalwa kwezitshalo. Lokhu kugawulwa kwamahlathi akugcini nje ngokubhubhisa izimiso zemvelo ezibalulekile kodwa futhi kunomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu ngokukhipha isikhutha esigcinwe emahlathini. Ngokukhetha ukudla inyama encane noma ukufaka ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni ekudleni kwethu, singasiza ekwehliseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi. Lesi senzo esilula sinciphisa isidingo somhlaba wokulima, sivumele amahlathi ukuba achume futhi amunce isikhutha, ngaleyo ndlela asize ekulweni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhuthaza izinqubo zokulima ezisimeme ezibeka phambili ukongiwa kwamahlathi kungathuthukisa nakakhulu umthelela omuhle ekulondolozweni kwamahlathi. Ngokunciphisa ukudla kwenyama ngenkuthalo, singadlala indima yethu ekuvikeleni amahlathi omhlaba kanye nokuqinisekisa ikusasa elisimeme ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha embonini yenyama
Ngaphezu komthelela wemvelo, imboni yenyama nayo iphakamisa ukukhathazeka okubalulekile kokuziphatha. Okunye okukhathaza kakhulu ukuphathwa kwezilwane emapulazini emboni. Izindlela zokulima ezimbonini ezinkulu zivame ukubeka inzuzo kuqala kunenhlalakahle yezilwane, okuholela esimweni esiminyene futhi esingahlanzekile emfuyweni. Izilwane ezifuyelwa inyama zijwayele ukuphathwa ngendlela ebuhlungu njengokuxebuka, ukudotshwa umsila, nokuthenwa ngaphandle kokubulala izinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotics kanye nama-hormone okukhula ukukhuthaza ukukhula okusheshayo nokuvimbela izifo kulezi zilwane kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngezingozi zempilo ezingase zibe khona kubathengi. Imikhuba esetshenziswa embonini yenyama ingabonakala ixhaphaza futhi engenabuntu, igqamisa isidingo sezinqubo zokulima ezinobuntu neziqhubekayo. Ngokusekela abakhiqizi benyama bendawo kanye nemvelo ababeka phambili inhlalakahle yezilwane, abathengi bangenza umthelela omuhle ngokufuna imikhuba elungile neqhubekayo embonini yenyama.
Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu
Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama nakho kuneqhaza elikhulu ekufakeni isandla ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu. Ukufuywa kwemfuyo kuyimbangela enkulu yokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, ikakhulukazi i-methane ne-nitrous oxide. La magesi anamandla aphezulu kakhulu okufudumala kwembulunga yonke kune-carbon dioxide. Ukwengeza, inqubo yokugawulwa kwamahlathi ukuze kwakhiwe indawo yamadlelo noma ukutshala izitshalo zokuphakela imfuyo kukhiphela i-carbon dioxide eningi emkhathini. Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi akugcini nje ngokuba nengxenye ekulahlekeni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kodwa futhi kunciphisa amandla oMhlaba okumunca isikhutha, okwenza kube kubi nakakhulu ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwamanzi, umhlaba, kanye nemithombo yamandla ekukhiqizeni inyama kuyanezela emthelela wemvelo. Ukuze kwehliswe imiphumela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, ukwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwethu kwenyama kanye nokushintshela kwezinye izindlela ezizinzile nezisekelwe ezitshalweni kuyadingeka.
Ukukhetha okukhethwa kukho okusekelwe ezitshalweni kuzuzisa amahlathi
Ngokukhetha izinketho ezisekelwe ezitshalweni, abantu ngabanye bangaba neqhaza ngokuqondile ekulondolozweni nasekulondolozeni amahlathi. Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kuvame ukudinga izindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba ukuba zigezwe ukuze kudliwe kuzo noma kutshalwe izitshalo zokudla. Lokhu kugawulwa kwamahlathi akugcini nje ngokubhubhisa izindawo ezingokwemvelo zezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane kodwa futhi kunciphisa amandla amahlathi okumunca isikhutha, igesi ebamba ukushisa ephawulekayo. Ngokuphambene, ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni zidinga umhlabathi omncane kakhulu, okunciphisa isidingo sokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Ngokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, singasiza ekuvikeleni nasekubuyiseleni amahlathi, sikhuthaze ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kanye nokunciphisa imithelela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngokwenza izinqumo ezinengqondo, singaqinisekisa ukuthi amapuleti ethu awafaki isandla ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kodwa kunalokho asekela impilo nokusimama kweplanethi yethu.
Sengiphetha, kuyacaca ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kunomthelela omkhulu ezingeni lokugawulwa kwamahlathi emahlathini emvula. Njengabathengi, sinamandla okwenza izinqumo ezinengqondo mayelana nokukhetha kwethu ukudla kanye nemithombo okuvela kuyo. Ngokunciphisa ukudla kwethu inyama nokukhetha izinketho ezitholakala ngokusimeme, singasiza ekwehliseni ukucekelwa phansi kwezindawo ezibalulekile zamahlathi emvula futhi sibambe iqhaza ekusaseni elizinzile leplanethi yethu. Kubalulekile ukucabangela imiphumela yezenzo zethu futhi sisebenzele ekutholeni izixazululo zokulondoloza indawo yethu ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
FAQ
Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kunomthelela kanjani ekugawulweni kwamahlathi emvula?
Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kunomthelela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi emahlathini emvula ikakhulukazi ngokunwetshwa kwamadlelo emfuyo kanye nokutshalwa kwezitshalo zokudla kwezilwane. Njengoba isidingo senyama sikhula, amahlathi engeziwe ayagawulwa ukuze kuvuleke indawo yokufuya izinkomo futhi kutshalwe izitshalo ezinjengobhontshisi wesoya ukuze kondle imfuyo. Lokhu kucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi emvula akuthinti nje kuphela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nemiphakathi yendabuko kodwa futhi kukhiphela inqwaba yesikhutha emkhathini, okunomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kungasiza ekwehliseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nomthelela wako kwezemvelo emahlathini emvula.
Yimiphi eminye yemiphumela yemvelo yokugawulwa kwamahlathi emvula ukuze kudliwe imfuyo kanye nokukhiqizwa kokudla?
Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi emvula ukuze kudliwe imfuyo kanye nokukhiqizwa kokudla kuholela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, ukulahlekelwa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukuphazamiseka kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo nendawo yazo ezungezile, ukukhululwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa, ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Inomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu, ithinta imiphakathi yendawo kanye nezakhamuzi zomdabu, futhi yandisa ingozi yomlilo wequbula. Sekukonke, kunemiphumela elimazayo endaweni ezungezile, okuhlanganisa ukunciphisa umthamo wokugcinwa kwekhabhoni, ukucekela phansi izindawo zokuhlala zezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, kanye nokubeka engcupheni ibhalansi yezimiso zemvelo. Lo mkhuba awunakusimama futhi unemiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside endaweni ezungezile kanye nesimo sezulu somhlaba.
Abantu ngabanye bangawunciphisa kanjani umthelela wabo emahlathini emvula ngokukhetha kwabo ukudla?
Abantu ngabanye banganciphisa umthelela wabo emahlathini emvula ngokuthatha ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, okunciphisa isidingo semikhiqizo efana nenyama yenkomo namafutha esundu afaka isandla ekugawulweni kwamahlathi. Ukukhetha imikhiqizo etholakala ngokuqhubekayo neqinisekisiwe, ukugwema imikhiqizo equkethe uwoyela wesundu, nemikhiqizo esekelayo ezinikele ezenzweni ezivumelana nemvelo nakho kungasiza ekunciphiseni umthelela omubi wezinketho zokudla emahlathini emvula. Ukwengeza, ukunciphisa ukumoswa kokudla kanye nokuthenga imikhiqizo etholakala endaweni kungafaka isandla nakakhulu endleleni yokuphila esimeme ezuzisa imizamo yokonga amahlathi emvula.
Iyiphi indima edlalwa izimboni ezinkulu ezikhiqiza inyama ekuqhubekiseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ezindaweni zamahlathi emvula?
Izimboni ezinkulu ezikhiqiza inyama ziqhubeza ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ezindaweni zamahlathi emvula ngokugawula izindawo eziwudedangendlale ukuze kwakhiwe amadlelo okuklaba imfuyo futhi kutshalwe izitshalo zokudla kwezilwane. Isidingo semikhiqizo yenyama siholela ekwenyukeni kwengcindezi kulezi zimiso zemvelo, okuholela ekugawulweni kwemithi okude nokushiswa kwamahlathi, okungaphazamisi nje indawo engokwemvelo yezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane kodwa futhi kukhiphele inqwaba yesikhutha emkhathini, okunomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Lo mkhuba ongalawuleki wokugawulwa kwamahlathi ukuze kukhiqizwe inyama unomthelela omubi ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, izinsiza zamanzi, kanye nempilo yonke yomhlaba.
Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela ezisimeme esikhundleni sokudliwa kwenyama yesintu ezingasiza ukuvikela imvelo yamahlathi emvula?
Yebo, kunezinye izindlela ezisimeme esikhundleni sokudliwa kwenyama yendabuko, njengamaprotheni ezitshalo njengesoya, udali, nequinoa, kanye nenyama ekhulisiwe. Ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kanye nokukhetha lezi zindlela ezihlukile, singasiza ukuvikela imvelo yamahlathi emvula ngokunciphisa isidingo sokufuya ngezinga elikhulu, okuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Lokhu kushintshwa kungaholela ekuncipheni kwengcindezi ekuguqulelweni komhlaba kwezolimo, kusize ukulondoloza izindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekile zamahlathi emvula kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
