Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungenye yezindaba ezicindezela kakhulu zesikhathi sethu, futhi imiphumela yayo iyazwakala emhlabeni wonke. Ngenkathi izici eziningi zinikela kule nkinga, okuvame ukunganakwa kungumthelela wokusetshenziswa kwenyama. Njengoba inani lomhlaba liqhubeka likhula futhi ngalo, isidingo semikhiqizo yezilwane, ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenyama kufinyelele emazingeni angekho ngaphansi. Kodwa-ke, yini abaningi abayehluleka ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kunomthelela omkhulu emvelweni yethu futhi kunomthelela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Esihlokweni esilandelayo, sizosebenzisa ukuxhumana phakathi kokusebenzisa inyama nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu futhi sihlole izindlela ezahlukahlukene lapho izinqumo zethu zokudla zithinta khona iplanethi. Ukusuka ekuphumeni okukhiqizwa yimboni yenyama ekubhujisweni kwezindawo zemvelo zezolimo zezilwane, sizokwambula izindleko zangempela zokuthakazelela kwethu inyama. Kubalulekile ukuqonda imiphumela yezenzo zethu futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi zokulwa nemiphumela eyingozi yokusetshenziswa kwenyama emhlabeni wethu. Ake siqale lokhu kuhlola lokhu ndawonye futhi sikhanyisela ukuxhumana okuvame ukubonwa phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Umthelela wokusetshenziswa kwenyama esimweni sezulu
Ukuphindaphindeka kwemvelo kokusetshenziswa kwenyama kuya ngokuya kubonakala kubonakala, ukukhulisa ukukhathazeka ngokuzinza kwemikhuba yethu yokudla yamanje. Ukulima imfucumfucu, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kanye nemvu, kunomthelela omkhulu ekuphumeni kwamaphethelo abamba ukushisa, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ifaka imvume yokuthola umhlaba yokudla kwamadlelo nokukhula kwezilwane, okuholela ekuqothulweni kwamahlathi nokulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Livestock ikhipha amanani amakhulu we-methane, igesi enamandla yokubulala abamba ukushisa enomthelela ekushiseni komhlaba. Ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kwezinsizakusebenza zamanzi kanye nokukhishwa kwemfucuza yezilwane kukhulisa umthelela wezemvelo. Njengoba ukufunwa komhlaba wonke kwenyama kuyaqhubeka ukukhuphuka, kubalulekile ukubona nokubhekana nemiphumela ejulile yokukhethwa kwethu kokudla ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu.
Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokukhishwa kwe-methane kuvuka
Amazinga akhuphukayo wokuqothulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokukhishwa kwe-methane ukuphuma okuthusayo kumongo wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi, okuqhutshwa ngokwengxenye ngokwanda kwe-Livestock Farming, kunomthelela omkhulu ekukhishweni kwamagesi abamba ukushisa kanye nokulahlekelwa yimvelo ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukususwa komhlaba wokudla kwezimo zezinkomo kanye nokutshalwa kwezilimo zokudla kwezilwane akugcini nje ngokubhubhisa amahlathi kepha futhi kuphazamisa ukulinganisela okubucayi kwesitoreji sekhabhoni. Ngokwengeziwe, ukukhishwa kwe-methane kusuka emfuyweni, ikakhulukazi kusuka ezilwaneni ezihlekisayo ezinjengezinkomo, ziphinde zibe nomthelela emthethweni abamba ukushisa. Njengoba ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokukhishwa kwamahlathi kuyaqhubeka ukwanda, kubalulekile ukuthi umphakathi uthathe izenzo ezihlanganisiwe ukubhekana nalezi zingqinamba zezemvelo futhi uhlole ezinye izindlela ezizinzileyo ukunciphisa umthelela wokusetshenziswa kwenyama emhlabeni.
Igalelo lokukhiqizwa kweLivestock kokugawulwa kwamahlathi
Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo kuqhamuke njengomshayeli obalulekile wokuqothulwa kwamahlathi, kwandisa udaba olusezingeni eliphezulu lokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Njengoba isidingo senyama yenyama siyaqhubeka ukukhuphuka, izindawo ezinkulu zamahlathi zisulwa ukwenza indlela yokwakha indawo yokudla kanye nokutshala kwezilimo zokuphakelwa kwezilwane. Le nqubo ayigcini ngokuholela ekulahlekelweni kwemvelo yehlathi eliyigugu kodwa futhi iphazamisa ibhalansi eyinkimbinkimbi yekhabhoni lelihlathi lisekela. Isilinganiso sokuqothulwa kwamahlathi esibangelwa ukulima imfuyo siyamangaza, okuholela ekukhishweni kwamanani amakhulu e-carbon dioxide emkhathini. Kubalulekile ukuthi sikwamukele umthelela olimazayo wokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo ngokugawulwa kwamahlathi futhi usebenzele ukusebenzisa izindlela ezinzile ezikhuthaza ukongiwa kwemvelo kanye nendlela efanelekile yokusetshenziswa kwemvelo.
Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni kwenyama
Njengoba siqhubeka nokuhlola ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kuba sobala ukuthi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwethu kwenyama kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekunciphiseni i-carbon footprint yethu. Umkhakha we-Livestock ungumthelela obalulekile ekuphumeni kwamagesi abamba ukushisa, ukubalwa kwemali ngengxenye enkulu yokukhishwa komhlaba. Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama, ikakhulukazi inyama yenkomo, kudinga amanani aphansi omhlaba, amanzi, kanye nokuphakela izinsiza, konke okufaka isandla ekuqothulweni kwamahlathi, ukushoda kwamanzi, nokukhuphula ukuphuma kwegesi ebamba ukushisa. Ngokwamukela ukudla okusekelwe kwisitshalo futhi anciphise ukuthembela kwethu enyameni, singanciphisa kakhulu ukuphuma kwekhabhoni okuhambisana nokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo. Lokhu akupheleli kuphela okuzuzisa imvelo kodwa futhi kugqugquzela imiphumela engcono yezempilo futhi isekela imikhuba yokulima eqhubekayo futhi yokuziphatha. Ukumukisa ezinye izindlela ezinjengamaprotheni asuselwa kwizitshalo futhi kukhuthaze i-shift maqondana nemikhuba yezolimo eqhubekayo engadlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu futhi kwakha ikusasa elizinzile.
Ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ekuthandeni ukuthandwa
Ezinye izindlela ezisetshenziswa izitshalo zithola ukuthandwa okubalulekile njengoba abantu abaningi beqaphela umthelela wezemvelo wokusetshenziswa kwenyama. Abathengi bafuna ngenkuthalo izinketho ezenzelwe izitshalo ukunciphisa izintambo zabo zemvelo futhi zenze izinqumo ezinzile. Lesi sidingo esikhulayo siholele ekukhuphukeni kokutholakala nezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela ezisetshenziselwa izitshalo ezitolo ezinkulu, izindawo zokudlela, kanye namaketanga wokudla okusheshayo. Ama-Burger asuselwa Kwesitshalo, amasoseji, nezinkonzo zobisi ezinamakha abibi zimane nje ziyizibonelo ezimbalwa zemikhiqizo emisha ethinta ukunakwa kwabathengi. Akugcini nje kuphela ngalezi zinhlobonhlobo zemvelo imvelo, kepha futhi zinikeza izinhlobo zezinzuzo zezempilo, ezinjengokutholwa kwamafutha agcwele kanye ne-cholesterol. Ukuthandwa okwandayo kwezindlela ezisetshenziswa izitshalo kuyisinyathelo esihle sokunciphisa ukuthembeka kwethu kwizolimo zezilwane futhi kunciphise imiphumela emibi yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Indima yokukhetha ngakunye
Ukukhetha ngakunye kudlala indima ebalulekile ekubhekaneni nokuxhumeka phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ngenkathi imboni yezolimo kanye nezinqubomgomo zezinqubomgomo zinomsebenzi wokusebenzisa izindlela ezizinzileyo, ekugcineni izinqumo ezenziwa ngabantu abashintshile. Ngokukhetha ngokunembe ukuthola ezinye izindlela futhi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama, abantu bangamanye banganciphisa kakhulu i-carbon footprint yabo futhi bafake isandla ekunciphiseni ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukukhetha ukubeka phambili izinketho zokudla ezizinzile akukhona kuphela izinzuzo zemvelo kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa impilo yomuntu siqu nenhlala-kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abathile bangahlanganyela emizamweni yokuvumela, bafundise abanye ngomthelela wezemvelo wokusetshenziswa kwenyama, kanye nezinhlelo zokusekela ezikhuthaza ezolimo ezizinzileyo. Ngokukhetha okuhlangene, sinamandla okudala ikusasa elizinzile futhi elishukumisayo leplanethi yethu.
Ukuvuselela ukudla kwethu kokuzinza
Ukuqhubekisela phambili phambili imizamo yokubhekana nokuxhumana phakathi kokusebenzisa inyama kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuguqula kabusha ukudla kwethu ukuze kusishelwe kubalulekile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuguqukela ekudleni okususelwa kwizitshalo, okugxilwe ekudleni okutholwe endaweni, ngezikhathi ezithile, nokudla okuphathekayo. Ngokufaka izinhlobo ezahlukene zezithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu okugcwele, ama-legumes, namaprotheni asuselwa ekudleni ekudleni kwethu, asikunciphisi umthelela wethu wezemvelo kodwa futhi sikhuthaza impilo engcono nokudla okungcono. Ukuthola imikhuba yokudla esimeme futhi kubandakanya ukunciphisa imfucuza yokudla, ukusekela izindlela zokulima ezizinzile, futhi kucatshangelwa imiphumela yezenhlalo nezokuziphatha kokukhetha kwethu kokudla. Ngokwamukela le ndlela ephelele yokusebenzisa kabusha ukudla kwethu, singaba negalelo ekwakhiweni kohlelo lokudla oluzinzile futhi olusizakalayo, okuzuzayo kokubili iplanethi nezizukulwane ezizayo.
Ekuphetheni, ubufakazi busobala ukuthi ukukhiqizwa nokusebenzisa inyama kunomthelela omkhulu ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu. Njengabantu, sinamandla okwenza umehluko ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwethu kwenyama nokukhetha izinketho ezizinzile nezisuselwa ekuthatheni. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ohulumeni nezinkampani zithathe izinyathelo futhi basebenzise izinqubomgomo kanye nemikhuba ekhuthaza izinhlelo zokudla ezinzile. Ngokusebenzisana, singenza umthelela omuhle emvelweni futhi sisize ekulweni nemiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Sonke masikwenze ingxenye yethu ukudala ikusasa elinempilo futhi elizinzile ngokwethu kanye nezizukulwane ezizayo.
FAQ
Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi abamba ukushisa?
Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kungumthelela obalulekile ekuphumeni kwamagesi abamba ukushisa. Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama, ikakhulukazi inyama yenkomo newundlu, kudinga inani elikhulu lomhlaba, amanzi, nokudla, okuholela ekuqothulweni kwamahlathi, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, kanye nokwanda kokukhishwa kwe-methane, igesi enamandla. Ngokusho kweZizwe Ezihlangene, imboni yemfuyo inesibopho cishe ngo-14,5% we-Global Greenhouse Greenhouse Emissions. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kanye nokukhetha ukudla okususelwa kwizitshalo kungadlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Ngabe ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kufaka kanjani isandla ekuqothulweni kwamahlathi nasekubhujisweni kwendawo yokuhlala?
Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kufaka ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nasekubhujisweni kwendawo yokuhlala ngokuyinhloko ngokwanda kwezindawo zokudla kwemfuyo kanye nokutshala kwezilimo zokuphakelayo. Izindawo ezinkulu zamahlathi zisulwa ukudala i-pastireseland ngezinkomo, okuholele ekulahlekelweni kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuphazamiseka ku-ecosystems. Ngokwengeziwe, inani elikhulu lomhlaba lisetshenziselwa ukukhulisa izilimo ezinjenge-soya kanye nommbila ukondla imfuyo, ukushayela kwamahlathi. Le nqubo ayinamthelela ekubhujisweni kwendawo yokuhlala kodwa futhi ikhipha i-carbon dioxide emkhathini, kwandisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Yiziphi izindlela eziphambili lapho ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kunomthelela khona ekungcoleni kwamanzi nasekushoneni?
Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kunomthelela ekungcoleni kwamanzi nasekushiseni ngokuyinhloko ngokusebenzisa amanzi ngokweqile kwamanzi okunisela izilimo zokudla kwezilwane, ukungcoliswa kwezidumbu zamanzi namakhemikhali ezolimo kanye nokuphambuka okungagcineki kwemithombo yamanzi. Ukukhiqizwa kwezilimo zokuphakelayo, ezinjenge-soya kanye nommbila, kudinga amanani amakhulu amanzi, okuholela ekusweleni kwamanzi ezifundeni lapho zitshalwa khona lezi zilimo. Ngokwengeziwe, ukulahla imfucumfucu yezilwane kanye nokusetshenziswa komanyolo kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane ezigungwini zezilwane ezingcolisa imizimba yamanzi, kubangele ukubaleka kwezakhi kanye nama-algal alimazayo. Ekugcineni, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okunzulu kwamanzi okuphuza izilwane nokukhucululwa kwendle kunomthelela ekusweleni kwamanzi okujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokugxila okuphezulu kokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo.
Ngabe ukuhambisa nokusatshalaliswa kwemikhiqizo yenyama kufaka kanjani isandla ekuphumeni kwekhabhoni?
Ukuhamba kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemikhiqizo yenyama kufaka isandla ekuphumeni kwekhabhoni ngezindlela eziningi. Okokuqala, ukuthutha kwezilwane ezibukhoma kuma-hlaba ama-hlaza kanye nezindawo zokucubungula kudinga uphethroli ngamaloli nezinye izimoto, ezikhipha isikhutha somoya emkhathini. Okwesibili, imikhiqizo yenyama esetshenzisiwe ihanjiswa ezikhungweni zokuhambisa futhi ekugcineni ezindaweni ezithengisa izitolo, futhi kusetshenziswa uphethiloli nokukhipha i-carbon dioxide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcinwa kanye nesiqandisi semikhiqizo yenyama nakho kudinga amandla, kuvame ukususelwa emafutheni amancane, okuqhubeka nokunikela ekukhipheni kwekhabhoni. Sekukonke, ukuthutha kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwemikhiqizo yenyama kunamaqhawe abakhulu kubahlinzeki ekuphumeni kwekhabhoni embonini yokudla.
Ngabe zikhona ezinye izindlela ezizinzile ekusetshenzisweni kwenyama ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu?
Yebo, kunezindlela ezizinzile zokusetshenziswa kwenyama ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Ukudla okususelwa ekudleni, njengokudla okunemifino noma ye-vegan, ube nesivunguvungu sekhabhoni ephansi uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla okubandakanya inyama. Ngokunciphisa noma ukuqeda ukusetshenziswa kwenyama, singanciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, ukonga amanzi, futhi sinciphise ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okuhambisana nokulima imfuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye imithombo yamaprotheni afana ne-tofu, i-tempeh kanye nenyama esekelwe ekuphumeni kwenyama iyatholakala kabanzi, inikezela ngezinketho ezizinzile zalabo abasafisa ukunambitheka nokuthungwa kwenyama. Ukuguqulwa kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo kungadlala indima enkulu ekulweni noshintsho lwesimo sezulu.
