Njengoba inani labantu emhlabeni liqhubeka nokukhula, nesidingo sokudla siyakhula. Omunye wemithombo eyinhloko yamaprotheni ekudleni kwethu inyama, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kuye kwanda kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kunemiphumela ebalulekile emvelweni. Ikakhulukazi, isidingo esikhulayo senyama sinikeza isandla ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zokuhlala, okuyizinsongo ezinkulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nempilo yeplanethi yethu. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zokuhlala. Sizohlola izinto ezibalulekile ezibangela ukwanda kwesidingo senyama, umthelela wokukhiqizwa kwenyama ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zokuhlala, kanye nezixazululo ezingaba khona zokunciphisa lezi zinkinga. Ngokuqonda ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zokuhlala, singasebenza ekwakheni ikusasa elizinzile kakhulu leplanethi yethu kanye nathi ngokwethu.
Ukudla inyama kuthinta amazinga okugawulwa kwamahlathi
Ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama kanye namazinga okugawulwa kwamahlathi kuyindaba ekhathazayo ekhulayo emkhakheni wezemvelo. Njengoba isidingo senyama siqhubeka nokukhula emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka, isidingo sokwanda komhlaba wezolimo asigwemeki. Ngeshwa, lokhu kuvame ukuholela ekwandiseni ukufuywa kwezilwane kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ukuze kuvulwe indlela yokudla amadlelo noma ukutshala izitshalo zokudla kwezilwane ezifana nobhontshisi. Le mikhuba inegalelo elikhulu ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezindawo zemvelo ezibalulekile, ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala zezilwane zasendle. Imiphumela yokugawulwa kwamahlathi idlulela ngale kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu; iphinde iphazamise izilinganiso zemvelo eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi isongela ukusinda kwezinhlobo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kubalulekile ukuze kusetshenziswe izixazululo eziqhubekayo ezibhekana nokukhetha kwethu kokudla kanye nokulondolozwa kwamahlathi eplanethi yethu.
Ukulima imfuyo kubangela ukubhujiswa kwezindawo zokuhlala
Ukwanda kokufuya izilwane kuye kwabonakala njengembangela enkulu yokubhujiswa kwezindawo zokuhlala emhlabeni jikelele. Njengoba isidingo senyama nemikhiqizo yezilwane siqhubeka nokukhula, isidingo sendawo enkulu yokufuya nokulima izitshalo zokudla siyakhula. Ngenxa yalokho, izindawo zokuhlala zemvelo ezifana namahlathi, izindawo ezinotshani, kanye namachibi ziyahlanzwa noma zonakaliswe ngesivinini esikhulu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemboni yezilwane ekhulayo. Ukuguqulwa kwalezi zindawo zemvelo ezibalulekile zibe umhlaba wezolimo akugcini nje ngokubangela ukulahlekelwa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane, kodwa futhi kuphazamisa ubudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi bezindawo zemvelo futhi kunciphisa ukuqina kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zomhlaba wethu. Imiphumela yokubhujiswa kwendawo yokuhlala okubangelwa ukufuya izilwane idlulela ngale kokukhathazeka ngemvelo, njengoba isongela izindlela zokuphila kanye nefa lamasiko emiphakathini yabantu bomdabu ethembele kulezi zindawo zemvelo ezibuthakathaka ukuze iqhubeke nokuphila kwayo. Kudingeka isinyathelo esiphuthumayo ukuze kuhlanganiswe isidingo senyama nemikhuba yokusetshenziswa komhlaba eqhubekayo evikela izindawo zethu zokuhlala eziyigugu futhi ikhuthaze inhlalakahle yesikhathi eside yezilwane zasendle kanye nabantu.
Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kusongela ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezindawo zemvelo
Imiphumela emibi yokugawulwa kwamahlathi ezintweni eziphilayo kanye nezindawo zemvelo ayinakweqiswa. Njengoba izindawo ezinkulu zamahlathi zigawulwa ngezinhloso ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa ezolimo, ukugawulwa kwemithi, kanye nokuhlala emadolobheni, izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo, izilwane, kanye nezinambuzane ezincane zibhekene nengozi yokuqothulwa. Amahlathi awagcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngendawo yokuhlala yezinkulungwane zezinhlobo, kodwa futhi adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ibhalansi yemvelo kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezibalulekile zemvelo. Ngokususa izihlahla nokuphazamisa inethiwekhi yokuphila eyinkimbinkimbi ekhona kulezi zindawo zemvelo, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kuphazamisa imijikelezo yemvelo yokumuncwa kwe-carbon dioxide kanye nokukhiqizwa komoya-mpilo, okuholela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuwohloka kwemvelo okuqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulahlekelwa kwamahlathi kunciphisa ukutholakala kwezinsiza ezibalulekile njengamanzi ahlanzekile, inhlabathi evundile, kanye nezitshalo zokwelapha, okuthinta inhlalakahle yomphakathi yabantu kanye nengeyona eyabantu. Kubalulekile ukuthi siqaphele isidingo esiphuthumayo sokubhekana nokugawulwa kwamahlathi futhi sisebenzele emikhubeni yokusetshenziswa komhlaba okusimeme ebeka phambili ukuvikelwa nokubuyiselwa kwamahlathi ethu ayigugu.
Umthelela wekhabhoni embonini yenyama
Imboni yenyama yomhlaba wonke ine-carbon footprint ebalulekile enegalelo ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuwohloka kwemvelo. Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama, ikakhulukazi inyama yenkomo, kudinga umhlaba omningi, amanzi kanye nezinsizakusebenza eziningi. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala, njengoba amahlathi ehlanzwa ukuze kuvulwe indawo yokudla kwemfuyo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo zokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni yenyama ingumthombo omkhulu wokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa umhlaba, ikakhulukazi ngenxa ye-methane ekhishwa yimfuyo kanye nezinqubo ezisebenzisa amandla amaningi ezihilelekile ekukhiqizweni kwenyama, ukuthuthwa, kanye nokucubungula. I-carbon footprint yemboni yenyama iyinkinga ephuthumayo edinga ezinye izindlela ezisimeme nezinobungani nemvelo ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela yayo emhlabeni wethu.
Indlela ukukhiqizwa kwenyama okunomthelela ngayo ekugawulweni kwamahlathi
Ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwenyama kuhlobene kakhulu nokugawulwa kwamahlathi, njengoba amahlathi evame ukugawulwa ukuze kudalwe amadlelo okudlisa imfuyo noma ukutshala izitshalo zokudla. Lokhu kugawulwa kwamahlathi kuphazamisa imvelo ebucayi futhi kubhubhisa izindawo zokuhlala zemvelo zezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokuhlanza umhlaba wezolimo ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwemishini esindayo, okubangela kakhulu ukuwohloka kwezindawo ezinamahlathi. Njengoba la mahlathi egawulwa futhi izihlahla zisuswa, ikhabhoni egcinwe kuwo ikhishwa emoyeni, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ukulahlekelwa kwamahlathi kunciphisa nekhono lawo lokumunca ikhabhoni dioksijini, okuholela emjikelezweni omubi wokwanda kokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa abangela ukushisa. Kubalulekile kithi ukuqaphela indima ebalulekile edlalwa ukukhiqizwa kwenyama ekugawulweni kwamahlathi futhi sithathe izinyathelo eziya kwezinye izindlela ezihlala isikhathi eside nezinobungani nemvelo ukuze sivikele amahlathi ethu futhi silwe nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
Ezinye izindlela eziqhubekayo zokusebenzisa inyama
Enye indlela ethembisayo yokunciphisa umthelela wokusetshenziswa kwenyama endaweni ezungezile ukwamukelwa kwezinye izindlela eziqhubekayo. Amaprotheni asekelwe ezitshalweni, njenge-tofu, i-tempeh, ne-seitan, anikeza indawo efanelekile nenempilo yamaprotheni ezilwane. Lezi zindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni azigcini nje ngokuhlinzeka ngezakhamzimba ezibalulekile kodwa futhi zidinga umhlaba, amanzi, kanye namandla amancane okukhiqiza uma kuqhathaniswa nokulima kwezilwane zendabuko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bokudla iholele ekuthuthukisweni kwezindlela ezintsha zokufaka esikhundleni senyama ezisekelwe ezitshalweni ezilingisa kakhulu ukunambitheka kanye nokuthungwa kwenyama yangempela. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokunikeza inketho enobungani nemvelo kodwa futhi kuvumela abantu ukuthi bajabulele ukunambitheka abakujwayele ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni izintandokazi zabo zokudla. Ukwamukela ezinye izindlela eziqhubekayo zokusebenzisa inyama kungadlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuvikela izindawo zokuhlala, kanye nokukhuthaza uhlelo lokudla oluqhubekayo.
Indima yokukhetha kwabathengi
Ukukhetha kwabathengi kudlala indima ebalulekile kunethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yokuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala. Ngokukhetha ngamabomu izinketho zokudla ezisimeme nezinokuziphatha okuhle, abathengi bangafaka ithonya labo ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka futhi baqhube izinguquko ezinhle embonini. Ukukhetha inyama etholakala endaweni, yemvelo, nefuywa kabusha akugcini nje ngokusekela imikhuba yezolimo ebeka phambili ukuphathwa kwemvelo kodwa futhi kusiza ukunciphisa isidingo semikhiqizo efaka isandla ekugawulweni kwamahlathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abathengi bangamukela ukudla okugxile kakhulu ezitshalweni, kufaka phakathi izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuhlukahlukene, okudinga izinsiza ezimbalwa kakhulu zokukhiqiza uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo esekelwe ezilwaneni. Ngokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi, abathengi banamandla okudala isidingo semikhuba enesibopho semvelo futhi banikele ekulondolozweni kwezindawo zemvelo ezibalulekile zomhlaba wethu.
Isidingo semikhuba eqhubekayo
Ezweni lanamuhla elishintsha ngokushesha, isidingo semikhuba eqhubekayo siye sabonakala kakhulu. Njengoba kuqashelwa ngokukhula kwemiphumela yezenzo zethu emvelweni, kubalulekile ukuthi sithathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa umthelela wethu wekhabhoni nokulondoloza iplanethi yethu ukuze izizukulwane ezizayo ziphile. Kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla kuya ekuphathweni kwemfucuza, zonke izici zokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke zinamandla okukhetha okuzinzile. Ngokwamukela imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo, ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuvuselela kabusha, nokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okunesibopho, singafaka isandla emizamweni yomhlaba wonke yokunciphisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu nokuvikela izinsiza zethu zemvelo. Ukwamukela imikhuba eqhubekayo akugcini nje ngokuzuzisa imvelo kodwa futhi kudala amathuba ezomnotho futhi kuthuthukisa inhlalakahle iyonke. Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu ngabanye, amabhizinisi, kanye nohulumeni basebenzisane ekudaleni ikusasa elizinzile eliqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwezinhlelo zethu zemvelo kanye nokuchuma kweplanethi yethu.
Ekuphetheni, ubufakazi busobala ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okubalulekile phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwenyama, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala. Njengabathengi, sinamandla okwenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile mayelana nokudla kwethu nokunciphisa umthelela wethu emvelweni. Ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama yethu nokusekela imikhuba eqhubekayo neyokuziphatha embonini yenyama, singasiza ekunciphiseni ukubhujiswa kwamahlathi nezindawo zokuhlala. Kubalulekile ukuthi sibhekane nale nkinga futhi sisebenzele ikusasa elihlala njalo lomhlaba wethu.
Imininingo Evamile
Ukudla inyama kunomthelela kanjani ekugawulweni kwamahlathi nasekulahlekelweni kwendawo yokuhlala?
Ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kunegalelo ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala ngezindlela ezahlukene. Isidingo senyama siholela ekwandiseni indawo yezolimo yokulima imfuyo, okuholela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudingeka indawo enkulu ukuze kutshalwe izitshalo zokudla zemfuyo, okuqhubekisela phambili ukugawulwa kwamahlathi. Lokhu kubhujiswa kwamahlathi akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo kodwa futhi kuphazamisa nemvelo futhi kuxoshe imiphakathi yabantu bomdabu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imboni yenyama inegalelo ekukhishweni kwamagesi okushisa, okufaka isandla ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu futhi kusheshise ukugawulwa kwamahlathi. Sekukonke, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala.
Yiziphi ezinye zezifunda noma amazwe lapho ukudla inyama kuye kwaholela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi okukhulu kanye nokulahlekelwa izindawo zokuhlala?
IBrazil ne-Indonesia zingamazwe amabili akhethekile lapho ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kuholele ekugawulweni kwamahlathi okukhulu kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala. EBrazil, ukwanda kwezindawo zokufuya izinkomo kanye nokutshalwa kwesoya ukuze kudliwe izilwane kuholele ekugawulweni kwezindawo ezinkulu zehlathi lase-Amazon. Ngokufanayo, e-Indonesia, isidingo samafutha esundu, iningi lawo elisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kokudla kwezilwane, siholele ekubhujisweni kwamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo, ikakhulukazi eSumatra naseBorneo. Lezi zifunda zibhekane nokuwohloka okukhulu kwemvelo, ukulahlekelwa ukuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo, kanye nokufuduka kwemiphakathi yabantu bomdabu ngenxa yokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwenyama.
Ingabe zikhona ezinye izindlela ezihlala isikhathi eside zokusebenzisa inyama ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala?
Yebo, kunezindlela eziqhubekayo zokusebenzisa inyama ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala. Ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, njengokudla kwemifino noma kwe-vegan, kunethonya eliphansi endaweni ezungezile uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla okuhlanganisa inyama. Ngokushintshela kumaprotheni asekelwe ezitshalweni njengemifino, amantongomane, kanye ne-tofu, singanciphisa isidingo sokufuya imfuyo okusebenzisa umhlaba wonke, okuwumbangela omkhulu wokugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela zobuchwepheshe ezintsha ezifana nenyama ekhuliswe elabhorethri kanye nenyama esuselwe ezitshalweni ezihlose ukuhlinzeka ngezindlela eziqhubekayo zokusebenzisa inyama yendabuko, okunciphisa kakhulu umthelela emahlathini nasezindaweni zokuhlala.
Imikhuba yokulima imfuyo inegalelo kanjani ekugawulweni kwamahlathi nasekulahlekelweni kwezindawo zokuhlala?
Ukufuya imfuyo kunegalelo ekugawulweni kwamahlathi nasekulahlekelweni kwezindawo zokuhlala ngezindlela eziningana. Okokuqala, izindawo ezinkulu zamahlathi ziyahlanzwa ukuze kuvulwe indlela yokudlisa amadlelo noma ukutshala izitshalo zokudla kwezilwane. Le nqubo ibhubhisa ngqo izindawo zokuhlala futhi isuse izinhlobo zemvelo. Okwesibili, isidingo sokudla kwezilwane, ikakhulukazi ubhontshisi, siholela ekwandiseni umhlaba wezolimo, ovame ukufezwa ngokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhuba yokulima engazinzile, njengokudlisa ngokweqile, ingalimaza futhi iqede umhlaba, okwenza ungafanelekeli ukuvuselelwa kwamahlathi esikhathini esizayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhakha wezilwane uyisisusa esikhulu sokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa, okufaka isandla ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu, okuqhubeka nokuthinta imvelo yamahlathi. Sekukonke, ukufuya imfuyo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekubhujisweni kwamahlathi kanye nokulahlekelwa yizinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Yimiphi imiphumela engaba khona yesikhathi eside yokuqhubeka nokudla inyama ekugawulweni kwamahlathi emhlabeni wonke kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala?
Ukuqhubeka nokudla inyama kunemiphumela ebalulekile yesikhathi eside ekugawulweni kwamahlathi emhlabeni wonke kanye nokulahlekelwa yindawo yokuhlala. Ukufuya izilwane kudinga indawo enkulu yokudlisa nokukhulisa ukudla kwezilwane, okuholela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi kanye nokubhujiswa kwendawo yokuhlala. Ukwandiswa komhlaba wezolimo wokukhiqiza inyama kunegalelo ekulahlekelweni kwezinto eziphilayo futhi kusongela ukusinda kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kukhipha inani elikhulu le-carbon dioxide emoyeni, okwandisa ushintsho lwesimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukulondoloza izindawo zokuhlala, kanye nokulwa nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
