**Isingeniso:**
Uma uzindla ngezihlabathi ezisafufusa Zogwadule LwaseSahara, iningi libona ngeso lengqondo indawo engashintshile ebilokhu igqamile futhi yomile. Nokho, lokhu bekungenjalo. Ake ucabange, uma uthanda, ngesikhathi lapho iSahara yayiluhlaza, iluhlaza, futhi igcwele ukuphila—okuhluke ngokuphelele emkhathini oyincithakalo esiwaziyo namuhla. Kuvidiyo ethokozisayo ye-YouTube enesihloko esithi “Indlela Esayidala Ngayo I-Sahara,” sihlola umlando ofihliwe wokuthi imisebenzi yabantu iguqule kanjani ipharadesi eliwuhlaza laba enye yezindawo ezimbi kakhulu emhlabeni.
Le vidiyo iletha ekugxileni imithelela yezinto ezikhathazayo zemvelo zanamuhla, njengezinga elishaqisayo lokucekelwa phansi ihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon. Ngokuxhumanisa okwedlule nokwamanje, kuhlobanisa izinguquko zomlando ezindabeni zamanje, okubonisa umthelela omkhulu imfuyo eklanyelwe—umsebenzi obonakala uyingozi—engaba nawo kuma-ecosystem. isexwayiso esibi, sinanela phakathi nenkulungwane yeminyaka ezihlokweni zanamuhla.
Hlanganyela nathi njengoba sidabula lokhu kulandisa okuhehayo, sihlola ibhalansi ebucayi yemvelo, indima yokungenelela kwabantu, kanye nokuthi yini umlando ongasifundisa yona mayelana nendlela yethu yamanje. Kusukela ekuhloleni idatha ye-geospatial kuya ekubuyekezeni amarekhodi esifunda, le vidiyo isinika ukukhanya mayelana nezinto ezingaba nomthelela ngemuva kwezinguquko ezimangalisa kakhulu kwezemvelo emhlabeni. Inganekwane ye-Sahara ayisona nje isifundo sesikhathi esedlule—iyinganekwane eyisixwayiso ngekusasa lethu.
Ukubhujiswa kwe-Amazon: Echoes of the Saharas Fate
Noma nini uma ngibona izindaba zokubhujiswa kwe-Amazon, ngiyacabanga: hhayi futhi. "Futhi," ngikhuluma ngesinye isimo saseSahara, lapho abantu bebengase baqhubekisele phambili ukugwaduleka kwendawo eluhlaza. The Sahara Desert yayiluhlaza futhi iluhlaza eminyakeni engu-10 000 edlule. Nakuba ukuntengantenga koMhlaba kungenzeka kube nomthelela kuyo yonke le nqubo, ososayensi bathi akwanele ukwenza lokho kuphela.
**Ukudliswa kwemfuyo** kudlale indima ebalulekile ekududuleni iSahara endaweni ethile. Idatha ye-Geospatial yembula ukuthi noma yikuphi lapho sidla khona lezi zilwane, sasibona ushintsho olukhulu ekukhuhleni nasekugwaduleni. Njengoba abakwaSmithsonian bekubeka, kwakunjengokungathi ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho abantu, nezimbuzi nezinkomo zabo, begxuma benqamula izindawo ezinotshani, bashiya umlindelo wokubhujiswa. Lesi simo asigcini nje emlandweni wakudala. Isibonelo, i-Sahel, eningizimu nje ye-Sahara, ilahlekelwe u-3/4 wesigidi-skwekhilomitha samakhilomitha-skwele omhlaba olimekayo, oqhutshwa kakhulu amadlelo emfuyo. Ukufana ne-Amazon kuyamangaza—cishe konke ukucekelwa phansi kwayo kuqhutshwa ukuklaba kanye nokudla kwemfuyo.
- **Ikhava yaphansi encishisiwe**
- **I-biomass ephansi**
- **Ukubamba amanzi amancane umthamo womhlabathi**
| Izinto Ezibhubhisayo | I-Sahara | I-Amazon |
|---|---|---|
| Ukudlisa Imfuyo | Umshayeli Omkhulu | Umshayeli Omkhulu |
| Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi | Okuncane | Okubalulekile |
Ukuqonda Ukuzamazama Komhlaba kanye Nethonya Lesimo Sezulu
Ugwadule LwaseSahara, naphezu kokubonakala kwalo okomile namuhla, kwake kwaba okuchumayo, indawo eluhlaza.
Isifunda isifunda sasibonakala izindawo ezinotshani ezinotshani obukwazi ukusekela imvelo ehlukahlukene. Ososayensi bagomela ngokuthi ukunyakaziswa komhlaba, okushintsha ngomjikelezo ukutsheka kwe-axial yeplanethi nokusatshalaliswa kokukhanya kwelanga, kube nomthelela omkhulu ekushintsheni kweSahara esimweni sayo samanje. Nokho, lesi isenzeko semvelo iyodwa kwakungeyona into enqumayo.
**Imisebenzi yabantu**, ikakhulukazi imfuyo, ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile kulolu shintsho olukhulu.
Ucwaningo olusebenzisa idatha ye-geospatial luveza ukuthambekela okucacile: izindawo lapho imfuyo-njengezimbuzi nezinkomo-yayivame ukuklaba ibe nezingwadule ezinkulu. Njengoba kuphawulwe ngabakwaSmithsonian, lezi zifunda zivame ukuguqulwa zibe indawo eyinkangala kanye nogwadule kulandela imisebenzi yabantu nemfuyo. Isimo esibucayi saseSahel, isifunda eningizimu yeSahara, isibonelo salokhu mkhuba:
| Imethrikhi | Imininingwane |
|---|---|
| **Umhlaba Ulahlekile** | Amakhilomitha-skwele angama-750,000 |
| **Umshayeli Omkhulu** | Ukudlisa Imfuyo |
| **Imiphumela** | Ukwehliswa kwekhava yaphansi, i-biomass ephansi, umthamo wokubamba amanzi angaphansi komhlabathi |
Ngokufanayo, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kwamanje kwe-Amazon ikakhulu kugqugquzelwa amadlelo emfuyo kanye nokutshalwa kwezitshalo zokudla, okubonisa izitayela zomlando ezibonwa eSahara. Ukuvimbela ukuwohloka kwemvelo okuqhubekayo, kubalulekile ukuthi siphinde sicabangele futhi silungise ezolimo zethu. imikhuba.
I-Destructive Tipping Point: Ukudlisa Imfuyo
I-Sahara Desert yake yaba isifunda esiluhlaza futhi esiluhlaza, esigcwele ukuphila. Inhlanganisela yezinqubo zemvelo zomhlaba kanye **nemisebenzi yabantu**, ikakhulukazi imfuyo idlelo, kungenzeka iguqule le ndawo yaba yindawo ewugwadule esiyaziyo namuhla. Ucwaningo lwakamuva olusebenzisa idatha ye-geospatial lunikeza ubufakazi obuqand' ikhanda obuphakamisa ukuthi ukudliswa kwemfuyo kudlale indima ebalulekile kulolu shintsho. Nomaphi lapho abantu nezilwane zabo—njengezimbuzi nezinkomo—bafuduka khona, babeshiya umkhondo wokuba ugwadule ngemva kwabo, beshintsha izindawo ezinotshani ezivundile zibe izingwadule eziwugwadule.
| Indawo | Umthelela Wokudlisa |
|---|---|
| I-Sahara | Uphendule izindawo eziluhlaza zaba izingwadule |
| Sahel | Kulahleke 3/4 million ²sqm km womhlaba olimekayo |
| I-Amazon | Umshayeli obalulekile wokucekelwa phansi kwamahlathi |
I-Sahel, isifunda nje eningizimu yeSahara, iyisibonelo salolu daba oluqhubekayo. Ilahlekelwe cishe **750,000 amakhilomitha-skwele** omhlaba olimekayo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yamadlelo. Lokhu kuholela kokuthi **ikhava yomhlabathi encane**, **i-biomass ephansi**, kanye **nokuncipha kwamandla okubamba amanzi** enhlabathini, okuqhubekisela phambili umjikelezo wokuwohloka. Ngokushaqisayo, imikhuba efanayo inomthelela ekubhujisweni kwe-Amazon, egqamisa isidingo esiphuthumayo sokubheka kabusha indlela esiphatha ngayo imfuyo yethu namasimu.
Ukusuka ku-Lush kuya ku-Lifeless: I-Transformation Triggers
I-Sahara Desert yake yaba ipharadesi eliluhlaza, elichuma ukuphila cishe eminyakeni engu-10,000 edlule. Nakuba ukuntengantenga kwemvelo komhlaba kube nengxenye ekuguqulweni kwawo, ekugcineni kube yisandla sesintu esashintshashintsha. **Ukudliswa kwemfuyo** kuvele njengembangela eyinhloko, njengoba idatha ye-geospatial namarekhodi omlando ebonisa iphethini ecacile. Nomaphi lapho kwakuzulazula khona isintu nemihlambi yabo yezimbuzi nezinkomo, utshani obuvundile buphenduka izingwadule eziwugwadule.
- **Ikhava yaphansi encishisiwe**
- **I-biomass ephansi**
- **Inhlabathi enciphile ukubamba amanzi umthamo**
Le miphumela ifanekisela isimo samanje sesifunda sase-Sahel, ngaphansi nje kwe-Sahara, lapho **amakhilomitha-skwele angu-750,000 omhlaba olimekayo** alahlekile. Isici esibalulekile lapha ukuthi, futhi, ukuklaba kwemfuyo, kunanela umjikelezo ofanayo olimazayo. Ngokushaqisayo, ukucekelwa phansi kwe-Amazon kwabelana ngendaba efanayo, ngokudlisa kanye nokukhiqizwa kokuphakelayo okumi njengabashayeli ababalulekile. Uma sifuna ukumisa lokhu okuthrendayo futhi sibuyise lezi zindawo, ukubhekana nomthelela wemfuyo akuxoxiswana.
| Isifunda | Umthelela |
|---|---|
| I-Sahara | Iphenduke yaba ogwadule |
| Sahel | 750,000 sq km zomhlaba olimekayo olahlekile |
| I-Amazon | Iqhutshwa amadlelo emfuyo |
Ukufana Kwesimanje: Ukulondoloza Imihlaba Yanamuhla Elimekayo
Umphakathi wezesayensi uthole imininingwane ebalulekile uguquko lwase-Sahara Desert, olukhala izinsimbi zokuxwayisa ngezinqubo zesimanje zezolimo. Imijikelezo yemvelo yomhlaba ibe negalelo, kodwa ukuklaba kwemfuyo kunikeze ibhalansi ngokufanele. Besebenzisa ukwaziswa kwe-geospatial, abacwaningi balandelela imikhondo yamadlelo angokomlando, bembula ukuthi isiqephu ngasinye sezimbuzi, izinkomo nezimvu sasiphuca izwe kancane kancane. I-Sahara ewuhlaza yeminyaka engu-10,000 edlule yaphenduka yome, umugqa wesikhathi owethusayo oboniswa namuhla ezifundeni ezifana neSahel.
Izinto Ezihamba phambili Zokuba Ugwadule:
- Imfuyo Eqinile Idlelo: Icekela phansi ikhava, inciphisa i-biomass.
- Ukuwohloka komhlabathi: Ukuncipha komthamo wokubamba amanzi.
- Ukuguqulelwa ku-Farmland: Imvamisa ukugqugquzelwa yizidingo zokuphakelwa kwemfuyo.
| Isifunda | Indawo Eyigwadule (sq. km) | Imbangela Eyinhloko |
|---|---|---|
| I-Sahara Desert | 3,600,000 | Ukudlisa Imfuyo |
| Sahel | 750,000 | Imfuyo Idlelo |
| I-Amazon Basin | Okuhlukahlukene | Ukugawulwa Kwamahlathi Ukuze Kudliwe |
Ukufana phakathi kwenkathi edlule yaseSahara kanye neyamanje yase-Amazon kuyamangalisa, lapho imfuyo edlangile imisebenzi incibilika kanye izindawo ezivundile zibe indawo ewugwadule. Okunanela amaphutha asendulo asebenza njengeseluleko esihlakaniphile emphakathini wanamuhla: shintsha idlelo lethu kanye nemikhuba yezolimo izingwadule ezintsha ezivela kokuvelayo.
Ekuphetheni
Njengoba siphetha ukuhlola kwethu ividiyo ye-YouTube ethokozisayo ethi “Indlela Esayidala Ngayo I-Sahara,” sisele nombono omusha onamandla ngomthelela wemisebenzi yabantu endaweni yethu. Ividiyo igqamisa kahle ukuthi iSahara eluhlaza yeminyaka engu-10,000 edlule yashintsha kanjani yaba ugwadule olukhulu esilwaziyo namuhla, lapho imfuyo iklabile idlala indima ebalulekile kulolu shintsho olumangalisayo.
Indaba iyasangulukisa, ikakhulukazi uma sidweba ukufana nokucekelwa phansi okuqhubekayo kwe-Amazon. Idatha, eqoqwe ngokucophelela futhi yethulwa, ipenda isithombe esigculisayo sokuthi ukukhetha kwethu namuhla kunanela kanjani amaphutha esikhathi esidlule. Ngokuqonda imiphumela emibi yokuklaba ngokweqile—ukusuka ekumbozelweni komhlaba okuncishisiwe kanye ne-biomass ukuya ekwehleni okukhulu komthamo womhlaba wokubamba amanzi—sihlonyiswe ngolwazi olungasisiza ukuvimbela umlando ophindaphindayo.
Njengoba sicabanga ngesimo esibi e-Sahel, lapho udedangendlale womhlaba olimekayo usuvele ulahlekile, siyakhunjuzwa ngokuphuthuma ukushintsha imikhuba yethu. Ukufana okumangalisayo phakathi kogwadule lweSahara kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwe-Amazon kufuna ukuthi kuhlolwe kabusha indlela yethu yokuklama imfuyo kanye nokukhiqizwa kokudla.
Masisebenzise lolu lwazi ukuze sihlakulele ikusasa lapho sinyathela kancane emhlabeni wethu, siqinisekisa izindawo eziluhlaza esizazisayo namuhla ziyalondolozwa, zingaphenduki zibe izingwadule eziwugwadule ngezenzo zakusasa. Siyabonga ngokujoyina lokhu ukucwila odabeni olubucayi-kwangathi kungakhuthaza isenzo esiphusile.
