Ukulima kwasefekthri, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukulima kwezimboni, sekuyinto evamile ekukhiqizweni kokudla emhlabeni wonke. Nakuba kungase kuthembise ukusebenza kahle kanye nezindleko eziphansi, iqiniso lezilwane ezisemapulazini emboni liyinto embi kakhulu. Izingulube, ezivame ukubhekwa njengezidalwa ezihlakaniphe kakhulu nezenhlalo, zibekezelela ezinye zezindlela zokwelapha ezinonya nezingenabuntu kulezi zikhungo. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izindlela eziyisithupha ezinonya kakhulu izingulube ezihlukunyezwa ngazo emapulazini emboni, sikhanyisele unya olucashile olwenzeka ngemuva kweminyango evaliwe.
Amakhreyithi Okukhulelwa
Inqubo yokuzalanisa izilwane ukuze zidliwe ingenye yezindlela ezixhaphaza kakhulu kwezolimo zezimboni zesimanje. Izingulube zezinsikazi, ezaziwa ngokuthi "izingulube," zisetshenziselwa ukulima kwefekthri ikakhulukazi amandla azo okuzala. Lezi zilwane zimithiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokufaka ama-artificial insemination, okuholela ekuzalweni kwama-litter angabalelwa kuma-piglets ayi-12 ngesikhathi. Lo mjikelezo wokuzala ugadwa ngokucophelela futhi usetshenziswe ukuze kwandiswe inani lamaphuphu akhiqizwayo, kuyilapho lezi ezingulube zithwala kanzima ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo.
Phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa kwazo nangemva kokuzala, izingulube ezingumama zivalelwe “emakhrethini okumitha”—ezivalekile ezincane ezivimbela ukunyakaza kwazo. Lawa makhreyithi aminyene kangangokuthi izingulube ezingulube zingakwazi nokuphenduka, ingasaphathwa eyokuzibandakanya emikhubeni yemvelo efana nokuzalela, ukuqeda izimpande, noma ukuzijabulisa. Ukuntuleka kwendawo kusho ukuthi izingulube azikwazi ukwelula, ukusukuma ngokugcwele, noma ngisho nokulala phansi ngokukhululeka. Umphumela uwukuphila kokungakhululeki ngokomzimba njalo, ukucindezeleka, nokuswela.
Amakhreyithi okukhulelwa ngokuvamile enziwa ngensimbi noma ukhonkolo futhi avame ukubekwa emigqeni ezinqolobaneni ezinkulu, eziminyene. Ingulube ngayinye ivalelwa ehhokweni layo, ihlukaniswe nezinye izingulube, okwenza kungenzeki ukuthi zixhumane noma zakhe izibopho zomphakathi. Lokhu kuvalelwa kubi kangangokuthi izingulube eziningi ezihlwanyelayo ziba nezinkinga zempilo engokwenyama njengezilonda nezifo, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni yazo, njengoba ziphoqeleka ukuthi zihlale endaweni eyodwa isikhathi esiningi sezimpilo zazo. Ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzwelo kubi kakhulu, njengoba izingulube ziyizilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu futhi ezihlala nabantu eziphila kahle ezindaweni lapho zingahamba khona ngokukhululeka futhi zihlanganyele nabanye. Ukugcinwa esitokisini uwedwa izinyanga zilandelana kubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwengqondo, okuholela ekuziphatheni okufana nokuluma ibha, ukuluka ikhanda, nezinye izimpawu zokukhathazeka okukhulu.
Ngemva kokubeletha, isimo asibi ngcono kumama ezingulubeni. Ngemva kokukhulelwa kwazo, izingulube zezinsikazi ziyiswa emakhrethini okuzala, afana namakhreyithi okumitha kodwa asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuncelisa. Lawa makhreyithi aklanyelwe ukugcina umama wengulube ekuchobozeni amazinyane ayo ngokuyikhawulela ukunyakaza kwawo nakakhulu. Nokho, lokhu kuvalelwa okuqhubekayo, ngisho nangemva kokubeletha, kukhulisa ukuhlupheka kwengulube. Asakwazi ukusebenzisana kahle namazinyane azo noma ukuhamba ngokukhululeka ukuze awancelise ngendlela engokwemvelo. Amazinyane engulube ngokwawo, nakuba enikezwa indawo eyengeziwe, ngokuvamile agcinwa ezimweni eziminyene, okunomthelela ekucindezelekeni kwawo.
Ubunzima bokuphila ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ekhrethini lokumitha bukhulu. Lawa makhreyithi avame ukusetshenziswa emapulazini emboni ukuze kuthuthukiswe umkhiqizo, kodwa izindleko zenhlalakahle yezilwane azinakulinganiswa. Ukuntuleka kwendawo kanye nokungakwazi ukuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni kwemvelo kubangela ukuhlupheka okukhulu, futhi imiphumela yesikhathi eside yalokhu kuboshwa ingabangela izinkinga zempilo ezingapheli, ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzwelo, kanye nezinga lempilo elincishisiwe. Umjikelezo wokuzalanisa okuzenzela, ukuvalelwa, nokukhulelwa ngenkani kuyinqubo engapheli ezinsikazi kuze kube yilapho kuthathwa ngokuthi azisakhiqizi futhi zithunyelwa ekuhlatshweni.
Ukuqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kwamakhreyithi okukhulelwa kuyinkomba ecacile yokuthi ukulima kwefekthri kuyibeka kanjani phambili inzuzo ngaphezu kwenhlalakahle yezilwane. La makhreyithi avinjelwe noma aqedwa emazweni amaningi ngenxa yesimo sawo esingenabuntu, nokho ahlala esemthethweni ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. Ukuhlupheka okubangelwa yila makhreyithi kuyisikhumbuzo esiqinile sesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuguqulwa kwendlela esiphatha ngayo izilwane zasemapulazini. Abagqugquzeli benhlalakahle yezilwane bathi makuqedwe ukusetshenziswa kwamakhreyithi okumitha, bakhuthaza ukuthi kube nezinhlelo ezivumela izingulube ukuthi ziphile ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ezinobuntu lapho zingahlanganyela khona ekuziphatheni kwazo kwemvelo, zihlanganyele, futhi zizule ngokukhululeka.
Ukuthenwa
Ukuthenwa kungomunye umkhuba ononya futhi obuhlungu owenziwa njalo ezingulubeni, ikakhulukazi amazinyane angamaduna, emapulazini emboni. Izingulube zesilisa, ezaziwa ngokuthi "izingulube," zivame ukuthenwa ngemva nje kokuzalwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhula kwephunga elinamandla, elingathandeki elaziwa ngokuthi "i-boar taint," elingathinta ikhwalithi yenyama yazo. Le nqubo yenziwa kusetshenziswa i-scalpel, ummese, noma ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nangokusebenzisa izinsimbi zokubopha ukuchoboza amasende. Inqubo ngokuvamile yenziwa ngaphandle kokudambisa izinhlungu, okwenza kube yinto ebuhlungu kakhulu kumaphuphu amancane.
Ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukuthenwa bukhulu kakhulu. Ama-piglets, amasosha awo omzimba asathuthuka, awanayo indlela yokubhekana nokuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba okubangelwa inqubo. Ezimweni eziningi, inqubo yenziwa ngokuxhamazela, ngokuvamile ngendlela engenamakhono, okungaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu, ukutheleleka, noma ukopha. Naphezu kobuhlungu obukhulu, la maphuphu awanikezwa i-anesthesia, i-analgesics, nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokulawula ubuhlungu, okuwashiya ehlupheka ngenxa yalokho okuhlangenwe nakho ngaphandle kokukhululeka.
Ngemva kokuthenwa, amazinyane engulube avame ukushiywa wodwa, ethuthumela ngenxa yobuhlungu. Akuvamile ukuthi babonakale becindezelekile, bengakwazi ukuma noma ukuhamba kahle ezinsukwini ezilandela inqubo. Amazinyane amaningi ezingulube azochitha izinsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo elele enganyakazi noma ehlukene nabanye abalingani bawo, emzamweni wokubhekana nokuhlukumezeka. Ubuhlungu bengqondo la mantshontsho engulube abhekana nabo bungabangela izinkinga ezingokwengqondo zesikhathi eside, futhi ezinye zingase zibe nokuziphatha okungavamile ngenxa yengcindezi nobuhlungu.
Ukuhlukumezeka kokuthenwa nakho kunemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kobuhlungu obusheshayo, le nqubo ingabangela izinkinga ezingokomzimba, ezifana nezifo, ukuvuvukala, nezibazi. Lezi zinkinga zingathinta impilo nenhlalakahle yengulube, zinciphise ikhono layo lokukhula nokuchuma. Njengoba amazinyane engulube eqhubeka ekhula futhi ekhula, ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzwelo okubangelwa ukuthenwa kungabonakala ekuziphatheni okungavamile, okufana nolaka, ukukhathazeka, kanye nokwesaba, konke okuqhubeka kubeka engcupheni izinga lempilo yabo endaweni yepulazi lefekthri.
Umkhuba wokuthena amazinyane ezingulube zesilisa ngaphandle kokubulala izinzwa uyisibonelo esicacile sokunganakwa kwenhlalakahle yezilwane ekulimeni kwefekthri. Igqamisa indlela lezi zimboni ezibeka ngayo phambili inzuzo nokukhiqiza ngaphezu kwenhlalakahle yezilwane ezizixhaphazayo. Inqubo, eyenzelwa ukunethezeka kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe, iyisenzo esibuhlungu nesingenasidingo esidala ukuhlupheka okukhulu ezilwaneni ezithintekayo. Abagqugquzeli benhlalakahle yezilwane bayaqhubeka nokufuna ezinye izindlela zobuntu esikhundleni sokuthenwa, njengokudambisa izinhlungu noma ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo zokuzalanisa eziqeda isidingo senqubo enonya ngokuphelele.
Nakuba amanye amazwe ethule imithetho edinga ukulaliswa kwezinzwa noma ukudambisa izinhlungu ngesikhathi sokuthenwa, lo mkhuba usasabalele ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuntuleka kwemithetho noma ukuphoqelelwa komthetho kusho ukuthi izigidi zezingulube ziyaqhubeka nokuhlupheka ngokuthula. Ukuqeda umkhuba wokuthenwa ngaphandle kokudambisa izinhlungu kungaba isinyathelo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yezingulube emapulazini emboni, futhi kuwushintsho okufanele lubekwe eqhulwini ekulweleni izindlela zokulima ezinobuntu.
I-Tail Docking
Ukudotshwa komsila kungenye inqubo ebuhlungu futhi engadingekile evame ukwenziwa ezingulubeni ekulimeni kwefekthri. Uma izingulube zigcinwa ezindaweni ezivalelwe, ezigcwele ngokweqile, ngokuvamile ziba nokucindezeleka okukhulu futhi zikhungathekile. Lezi zimo zivimbela izingulube ekuzibandakanyeni ekuziphatheni kwemvelo, okufana nezimpande, ukuzitholela ukudla, noma ukuhlangana nabanye. Ngenxa yalokho, izingulube zingase zibonise ukuziphatha okuyimpoqo, njengokulumana noma ukuhlafuna imisila yomunye, ukuphendula ekucindezelekeni okukhulu kanye nesithukuthezi ezibekezelela kulezi zimo zokuphila ezingezona ezemvelo.
Kunokuba axazulule umsuka wenkinga—ukunikeza izingulube indawo eyengeziwe, ukunothisa indawo ezungezile, nezimo zokuphila ezingcono—amapulazi efekthri ngokuvamile aphendukela ekunqumeni umsila wengulube ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi “ukumisa umsila.” Le nqubo ngokuvamile yenziwa lapho izingulube zisezincane, ngokuvamile phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila, zisebenzisa amathuluzi abukhali njengezikele, imimese, noma izindwani ezishisayo. Umsila unqunywa ngobude obuhlukahlukene, futhi inqubo yenziwa ngaphandle kokubulala izinzwa noma ubuhlungu. Ngenxa yalokho, izingulube zithola ubuhlungu obusheshayo futhi obubuhlungu, njengoba umsila uqukethe inani elibalulekile leziphetho zemizwa.
Umkhuba wokufaka umsila kuhloswe ngawo ukuvimbela ukuluma umsila, kodwa uyehluleka ukubhekana nodaba oluyisisekelo: izimo zokuphila ezicindezelayo zezingulube. Ukumiswa komsila akuqedi umnyombo wenkinga, futhi kwandisa kuphela ukuhlupheka ngokomzimba kwezingulube. Ubuhlungu benqubo bungaholela ezifweni, ukopha kakhulu, kanye nezinkinga zempilo zesikhathi eside. Izingulube eziningi zizophinde zihlupheke ngenxa yobuhlungu be-phantom, njengoba iziphetho zemizwa emsila zinqanyuliwe, zibashiye nokungahambi kahle okungase kuthinte inhlalakahle yazo yonke.
Umkhuba wokudotshwa komsila uwubufakazi obucacile bokunganaki kwemboni yokulima inhlalakahle yezilwane. Esikhundleni sokudala izindawo ezivumela izingulube ukuba zihlanganyele ekuziphatheni kwemvelo futhi zinciphise ukucindezeleka, amapulazi embonini ayaqhubeka nokucwilisa lezi zilwane ukuze zivumelane nemodeli yokukhiqiza ebeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo ngaphezu kokuphathwa kwabantu. Nakuba amanye amazwe ethule imithetho edinga ukukhululeka kobuhlungu ngesikhathi sokumiswa komsila noma avimbele inqubo ngokuphelele, isalokhu ivamile ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba.
Abagqugquzeli bezenhlalakahle yezilwane bafuna ukuphela kokumisa umsila kanye nokwamukelwa kwezinqubo zokulima ezingcono ezigxile ekuthuthukiseni izimo zokuphila zezingulube. Ukunikeza izingulube indawo eyengeziwe, ukufinyelela ekucebiseni, kanye nekhono lokuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni kwemvelo kunganciphisa kakhulu ukucindezeleka kanye nesidingo sezenzo ezinonya ezinjalo. Kumelwe kugxilwe ekudaleni izindawo ezinobuntu ezikhuthaza ukuphila kahle ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo kwezilwane, kunokuba kusetshenziswe izinqubo eziyingozi njengokumisa umsila ukuze kuvalwe izimpawu zezimo zokuphila ezimbi.
Indlebe Notching
Ukukhipha izindlebe kungomunye umkhuba obuhlungu futhi ophazamisayo ovame ukwenziwa ezingulubeni emapulazini efektri ukuze zibonakale phakathi kwabantu abaningi nabaminyene. Amapulazi ezimboni ngokuvamile agcina amakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinkulungwane zezingulube ezimweni eziminyene futhi eziminyene. Ukuze bahlukanise phakathi kwezingulube ngazinye, izisebenzi zisebenzisa inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi “i-ear notching,” lapho besika khona amanotshi ku-cartilage ebucayi yezindlebe zengulube, benze iphethini esebenza njengohlelo lokuhlonza.
Kule nqubo, izisebenzi zivame ukusikeka ezindlebeni zengulube zisebenzisa izinsimbi ezicijile, njengemimese noma izindlawu zokunqanda indlebe. Amanotshi endlebeni yesokudla amelela inombolo kadoti, kuyilapho indlebe yangakwesobunxele ikhombisa inombolo yengulube ngayinye ngaphakathi kwalolo doti. Amanotshi ajwayele ukwenziwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa, lapho amazinyane engulube esemancane futhi esengozini. Inqubo yenziwa ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi i-anesthesia noma ukukhululeka kobuhlungu, okusho ukuthi izingulube zibekezelela ubuhlungu obusheshayo nokucindezeleka phakathi nenqubo.
Ubuhlungu obuvela ekunqandeni izindlebe bubalulekile, njengoba izindlebe zizwela kakhulu futhi zineziphetho zemizwa eminingi. Ukusika kulesi sicubu esintekenteke kungabangela ukopha, izifo, nokungakhululeki isikhathi eside. Ngemva kwenqubo, amazinyane engulube angase abe nokuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka endaweni yezinotshi. Inqubo ngokwayo ayibuhlungu nje kuphela kodwa iphinde ibe sengozini yokuba nezibazi ezingapheli, okungase kuphazamise ikhono lengulube lokuzwa noma liholele ngisho nokukhubazeka endlebeni.
Ukugcina izindlebe kuyisibonelo esicacile sokuthembela kwemboni yokulima yasefekthri emikhubeni engenabuntu nedlulelwe yisikhathi yokuphatha izilwane eziningi. Le nqubo ayizizuzisi izingulube nganoma iyiphi indlela futhi isiza kuphela ukwenza ukuhlonza kube lula kubasebenzi basemapulazini. Ibonisa uhlelo lapho inhlalakahle yezilwane ingaphansi kwesidingo sokusebenza kahle nokulawula abantu abaningi.
Ngenkathi amanye amapulazi esedlulele ezindleleni zokuhlonza ezingavamisile kangako, njengamathegi endlebeni kagesi noma ama-tattoos, ukubeka izindlebe kusewumkhuba ovamile ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. Abagqugquzeli benhlalakahle yezilwane bayaqhubeka nokufuna ezinye izindlela esikhundleni sokunqandwa kwezindlebe, befuna izindlela zobuntu zokuhlonza nokuphatha izingulube ezingabandakanyi ukuzibangela ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka okungadingekile. Ukugxila kufanele kushintshele ekuthuthukiseni izimo zokuphila kwezingulube, kuzinikeze indawo eyengeziwe futhi kunciphise isidingo sezinqubo eziyingozi ezibangela ukulimala ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo.
Ezokuthutha
Ezokuthutha ngesinye sezigaba ezibuhlungu kakhulu empilweni yezingulube ezifuywe efektri. Ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nokuzalanisa okukhethiwe, izingulube zikhuliswa ukuze zikhule ngesilinganiso esisheshayo esingavamile. Lapho sezinezinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela ubudala, zifinyelela “isisindo semakethe” esingaba amakhilogremu angu-250. Lokhu kukhula okusheshayo, kuhlangene nokuntuleka kwendawo yokuhambahamba, ngokuvamile kubangela izimo ezingokomzimba ezifana nesifo samathambo, ubuhlungu bamalunga, nobunzima bokuma noma ukuhamba. Izingulube ezifuywe emafekthri ngokuvamile azikwazi ukusekela isisindo sazo ngendlela efanele, futhi imizimba yazo iba nzima ekukhuleni ngokushesha endaweni lapho zivaleleke khona futhi zivinjelwe ukunyakaza.
Naphezu kwalezi zinkinga zezempilo, izingulube zisaphoqeleka ukuba zibekezelele inqubo ehlukumezayo yokuthutha ukuya ezilaheni. Uhambo ngokwalo lunonya, njengoba izingulube zilayishwa emalolini aminyene ngaphansi kwezimo ezicindezelayo. Lezi zinqola zokuthutha ngokuvamile azihlomele kahle ukuze zikwazi ukubhekana nobukhulu kanye nezidingo zezingulube, ngaphandle kwendawo encane ukuze izilwane zime, zijike, noma zilale ngokukhululeka. Izingulube zigcwele ziqinile kulamaloli, zivame ukuma emfuleni wazo isikhathi eside, okwenza isipiliyoni singabekezeleleki nakakhulu. Ukuntuleka kokungena komoya kahle kanye nokulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa emalolini amaningi kwandisa ukuhlupheka kwezingulube, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu.
Njengoba izingulube zipakishwa ndawonye kulezi zimo, ziba sengozini yokulimala, ingcindezi, nokukhathala. Ubunzima bomzimba bokuvaleleka ezindaweni eziminyene kangaka bungenza izimo zabo ezikhona zibe zimbi kakhulu, njengesifo samathambo noma ukuxhwala, futhi kwezinye izimo, izingulube zingadilika noma zingakwazi ukunyakaza ngesikhathi zithuthwa. Lezi zingulube zivame ukushiywa kulesi simo, zingenandaba nenhlalakahle yazo. Izingulube eziningi zihlushwa ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukukhathala, kanye nokucindezeleka okukhulu phakathi nohambo, okungase kuthathe amahora ambalwa noma ngisho nezinsuku, kuye ngokuthi ibanga eliya esilaheni.
Ngaphezu kokukhokhiswa ngokomzimba, uhambo ludalula izingulube ezinhlobonhlobo zezingozi zezempilo. Izimo eziminyene zikhuthaza ukusabalala kwezifo kanye namagciwane, njengoba izingulube eziningi zitheleleka ngezifo ezithathelwanayo ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Njengoba zivame ukuba ngaphansi kwenhlanzeko kanye nezimo ezingahlanzekile, izingulube zingagula kakhulu, zihlushwa yizimo ezifana nezifo zokuphefumula, ukutheleleka emanxebeni avulekile, noma izinkinga zesisu. Ukuqubuka kwezifo kuvamile enqubweni yokuthutha, futhi izingulube zivame ukushiywa zingalashwa, ziphinde zihlanganise ukuhlupheka kwazo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingulube ziyizilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu futhi zihlalisana nabantu. Ukucindezeleka kokususwa endaweni abayijwayele, ukuminyana elolini ngaphandle kokunethezeka okuncane, nokubekezelela uhambo olude oluya endaweni engaziwa kubahlukumeza kakhulu. Ukugcwala kwezinzwa, imisindo ephezulu, nokuhamba njalo kweloli kungabangela ukukhathazeka nokwesaba okukhulu. Izingulube zaziwa ngokuba novalo kanye nokudideka ngesikhathi zithuthwa, njengoba zingakwazi ukuqonda noma ukubhekana nezisusa ezinzima ezibhekana nazo.
Naphezu kolwazi olusabalele lokuhlupheka okukhulu okubangelwa ezokuthutha, kusewumkhuba ovamile ekulimeni kwasefekthri. Imizamo yokuthuthukisa izimo ibe mincane, futhi imithethonqubo elawula inhlalakahle yezilwane ngesikhathi sokuthutha ivamise ukuxega noma iphoqelelwe kabi. Ezokuthutha ziyiphuzu elibalulekile ohambweni lwengulube lokuhlatshwa, futhi lisebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokunganakwa kwenhlalakahle yezilwane ezinhlelweni zokulima zezimboni. Abagqugquzeli bamalungelo ezilwane bayaqhubeka nokubiza izindlela zokuthutha ezinobuntu ezengeziwe, okuhlanganisa izimo ezingcono zezilwane, ukuncishiswa kwesikhathi sokuhamba, kanye nokuqaliswa kwemithetho eqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe inhlalakahle yezilwane ezihilelekile.
Ekugcineni, ezokuthutha zigqamisa unya olungokwemvelo lokulima efekthri, lapho izilwane ziphathwa njengempahla okufanele ihanjiswe futhi icutshungulwe ngokunganaki ukuphila kwazo ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo. Ukuze kuncishiswe lokhu kuhlupheka, kudingeka ukulungiswa okuphelele kwezinqubo zokulima—okubeka kuqala impilo, ukunethezeka, nesithunzi sezilwane kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila kwazo.
Hlaba
Inqubo yokuhlaba iyisigaba sokugcina nesibi kunazo zonke ezimpilweni zezingulube ezifuywe efektri, esibonakala ngonya nonya oludlulele. Esilaheni esijwayelekile, zingaphezu kuka-1 000 izingulube ezibulawa ihora ngalinye, okudala isimo sejubane elinamandla kanye nokukhiqizwa kwevolumu ephezulu. Lolu hlelo olusheshayo lubeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo, ngokuvamile ngezindleko zenhlalakahle yezingulube.
Ngaphambi kokuhlatshwa, izingulube kufanele zibambe ongezansi ukuze zizenze ziquleke, kodwa isivinini esikhulu semigqa yokuhlaba senza kube nzima kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke ingulube ishaqekile ngendlela efanele. Ngenxa yalokho, izingulube eziningi zihlala ziqaphela futhi zazi ngesikhathi sokubulala. Inqubo emangalisayo, okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza izingulube ziquleke futhi zingezwa ubuhlungu, ngokuvamile azibulawa kahle, okushiya izingulube ziqaphele ngokugcwele izinxushunxushu ezizungezile. Lokhu kwehluleka kusho ukuthi izingulube eziningi zisakwazi ukubona, ukuzwa, nokuhogela izinto ezesabekayo ezenzeka eduze kwazo, kudala ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu kwengqondo ngaphezu kokuhlupheka kwazo ngokomzimba.
Lapho izingulube sezimangele, imiqala yazo iyavuleka, futhi ziyekwe ukuze zophe ngendlela esabekayo nehamba kancane ngendlela emangalisayo. Izingulube zikwazi ngokugcwele okwenzekayo, njengoba ziqhubeka zizabalaza futhi zihefuzela ngaphambi kokuba zinqotshwe ukulahlekelwa igazi. Lokhu kuhlupheka okuthatha isikhathi eside kuhlanganiswe yiqiniso lokuthi izingulube eziningi azikhuli ngokushesha, okuzishiya zisesimweni sokwesaba, ubuhlungu, nokudideka njengoba zifa kancane kancane.
Inqubo yokuhlaba ifanekisela unya olukhona ekulimeni kwezimboni, lapho izilwane ziphathwa njengezimpahla okufanele zicutshungulwe kunezidalwa eziphilayo ezinamandla okuzwa ubuhlungu. Ukwehluleka ukuhlaba izingulube ngendlela efanele, kuhlanganiswe nesivinini semigqa yokuhlaba, kudala indawo lapho ukuhlupheka kungenakugwema. Ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamathangi avuthayo kuphinde kugqamise ukunganakwa kwenhlalakahle yezilwane, njengoba izingulube zibhekana nobuhlungu obukhulu ezikhathini zazo zokugcina.
Abagqugquzeli bamalungelo ezilwane bayaqhubeka nokucela izinguquko, bekhuthaza ukuqaliswa kwezinqubo zobuntu ezengeziwe, ukulawulwa okungcono kokusebenza kwamadela, kanye nokwengamela okwengeziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izilwane ziphathwa ngesizotha nangenhlonipho. Uhlelo lwamanje lokuhlaba, oluqhutshwa inzuzo nokusebenza kahle, kufanele lubhekwe kabusha ukuze kubhekwane nokuhlupheka okujulile izingulube, nazo zonke izilwane ezifuyelwa ukudla, ezibekezelela ezandleni zokulima kwezimboni. Umgomo kufanele kube ukwakha izinhlelo ezibeka phambili inhlalakahle yezilwane, ziqinisekise ukuthi ukuphila nokufa kwazo kuphathwa ngozwela nenhlonipho.
Ongakwenza
Izingulube ezinonya ezibekezelela emapulazini efektri akunakuphikwa, kodwa kunezinyathelo esingazithatha sonke ukunciphisa ukuhlupheka kwazo futhi sisebenzele uhlelo lokudla olunobuntu. Nakhu ongakwenza:
- Yamukela Ukudla Okusekelwe Ezitshalo: Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokunciphisa isidingo sezilwane ezifuywa efekthri ukuqeda noma ukunciphisa imikhiqizo yezilwane ekudleni kwakho. Ngokukhetha ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni, usiza ukwehlisa inani lezingulube nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, ezivalelwe, futhi ezihlatshelwe ukudla.
- Advocate Imithetho Eqinile Yenhlalakahle Yezilwane: Izinhlangano ezisekelayo nezinhlelo ezisebenzela ukuthuthukisa imithetho yezenhlalakahle yezilwane. Gwema umthetho ogunyaza izimo zokuphila ezingcono, imikhuba yokubulala abantu, kanye nemithetho eqinile emapulazini ezimboni. Ungasayina izincwadi zezikhalazo, uxhumane nabamele indawo yangakini, futhi usekele ukunyakaza okusebenzayo ukuze kuqedwe ukulima kwasefekthri.
- Fundisa Abanye: Yabelana nabanye ngolwazi mayelana neqiniso lokulima kwasefekthri. Ukufundisa abangani, umndeni, kanye nomphakathi wakho mayelana nezimo izilwane ezibhekana nazo emapulazini emboni kungasiza ukuqwashisa futhi kukhuthaze ushintsho.
- Ama-Boycott Brands Asekela Ukulima Kwemboni: Izinkampani eziningi zisathembela ezingulubeni ezifuywe efektri nezinye izilwane emaketangeni azo okuthenga. Ngokuduba lezi zinkampani futhi usekele amabhizinisi azibophezela emikhubeni engenalo unya, ungenza isitatimende esinamandla futhi ukhuthaze izinkampani ukuthi zishintshe ukwenza kwazo.
- Zibandakanye Nezinhlangano Zamalungelo Ezilwane: Joyina amaqembu alwela amalungelo ezilwane azinikele ekukhuthazeni ukuphathwa okungcono kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Lezi zinhlangano zihlinzeka ngezinsiza, imikhankaso, nemicimbi esiza ukuqwashisa abantu nokudala ushintsho oluhlala njalo ezinhlelweni zethu zokudla.
Zonke izenzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zincane kangakanani, zenza umehluko ezimpilweni zezilwane. Ngokubambisana, singasebenzela ukudala umhlaba onozwela futhi siqinisekise ukuthi izingulube, nazo zonke izilwane, ziphathwa ngesithunzi nenhlonipho ezizifanele.
