Emhlabeni ophithizelayo wokukhiqizwa kwenyama, ama-turkeys ngokuvamile ahlala embozwe ozakwabo abavelele njengezinkukhu, izingulube nezinkomo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwamadili amaholide kanye nezindawo zokudla okudliwayo kukhona indaba ebuhlungu yokuhlupheka okubekezelelwa yilezi zinyoni ezihlakaniphile nezizwelayo. Kusukela ekuvalelweni okuminyene kuya ezinkambisweni ezibuhlungu, usizi lwama-turkeys ekulimeni kwezimboni lwembula ukulandisa kosizi olukhulu. Lesi sihloko sidingida ubunkimbinkimbi bokukhiqizwa kwe-turkey, sikhanyisela usizi abalubekezelela futhi ikhuthaza indlela yozwelo yokwelashwa kwabo.
Ingabe imboni yama-turkeys iyalinywa?
Ama-Turkeys empeleni alinywa efektri ezimweni eziningi. Izinqubo zokulima emafekthri zibandakanya ukuvalela inqwaba yezilwane ezindaweni eziminyene futhi ngokuvamile ezingahlanzekile ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nenzuzo. Endabeni yama-turkeys, imisebenzi yokulima yezimboni ilawula yonke imikhakha yempilo yabo, kusukela ekuzaleni kuya ekukhuliseni izindlu kuye ekudleni. Lokhu kuphatha okujulile kuhlose ukusheshisa amazinga okukhula kanye nokukhiqiza izinyoni ezinkulu ezizodliwa abantu.
Emapulazini efekthri, ama-turkeys ngokuvamile akhuliswa ezinqolobaneni eziminyene noma avalelwe ezibayeni zasendlini, okuwancisha isikhala sokuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni kwemvelo okufana nokudla nokulala. Lezi zimo zingaholela ekungakhululeki ngokomzimba, ingcindezi, kanye nokwanda kokungenwa yizifo. Ukwengeza, imikhuba efana nokugunda uqhwaku nokugunda izinzwane kuvame ukuqashwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala kanye nokuziphatha okunonya phakathi kwemihlambi eminyene, okubangela ukucindezeleka nobuhlungu obuqhubekayo ezinyonini.
Ukusungulwa kwezimboni zokulima ama-turkey kuguqule lezi zilwane ezihlakaniphile nezenhlalo zaba yimpahla nje, ezifuywa futhi zakhuliswa ukuze zidliwe abantu kuphela. Lokhu kuguqulwa kubukela phansi ukubaluleka kanye nenhlalakahle yemvelo yama-turkeys, kuwabeka empilweni yokuboshwa nokuxhashazwa.
I-Industrial Turkey Farming System
Ukulima kwasefekthri kwama-turkeys kuwukusuka ezimpilweni zemvelo eziholwa ozakwabo basendle. Kusukela ekuzalweni kuya ekuhlatshweni, zonke izici zobukhona bazo zilawulwa ukungenelela komuntu, okuholela ekuphileni okungenankululeko nokuziphatha okuchaza amaturkey zasendle.
Ama-turkeys enzelwe ukulima efekthri avamise ukuchanyuselwa ezindaweni ezinkulu zokuchanyuselwa, lapho izinkulungwane zamaqanda zifukanyelwa ngasikhathi sinye ezimweni zokwenziwa. Lapho amatshwele esechanyuselwe, ahlukaniswa ngokushesha nabazali bawo futhi abekwe ezindaweni ezifukama, lapho ethembela khona ezifudumeni zokwenziwa ukuze afudumale esikhundleni sokunakekelwa kwe-turkey engumama.
Njengoba ekhula, ama-turkeys adluliselwa ezinqolobaneni zasendlini, lapho echitha khona ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwawo. Lezi zingobo zigcwele abantu, izinkulungwane zezinyoni zivalelwe ezindaweni eziminyene. Encishwe ithuba lokuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni kwemvelo okufana nokudla nokudla, ama-turkeys achitha izinsuku zawo emi ezinsizeni eziyisicaba, okungabangela ukulimala onyaweni olubuhlungu.
Kuzo zonke izimpilo zabo, ama-turkeys emapulazini asefekthri abhekana nezinqubo ezihloselwe ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ngokuvamile ngokulahlekelwa inhlalakahle yawo. Ziwukudla okuphakelwayo okwakhelwe ukukhuthaza ukukhula okusheshayo, okuholela ezindabeni zezempilo ezifana nokukhubazeka kwamathambo kanye nezinkinga zenhliziyo. Ukwengeza, izinyoni zingase zithole izinqubo ezibuhlungu njengokugunda uqhwaku ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala nokuziphatha okunolaka ezindaweni eziminyene.
Ekupheleni kwempilo yawo emfishane nenezinkinga, amaturkey ayiswa ezilaheni, lapho ebhekana khona nesiphetho esibuhlungu. Uhambo oluya esilaheni luvame ukuba nengcindezi, njengoba izinyoni zigcwele emabhokisini futhi zithuthwa amabanga amade ngamaloli. Uma sebefikile esilaheni, baboshwa ngamaketango babheke phansi emilenzeni futhi badlule emanzini okugeza afakwe ugesi ukuze bathuke ngaphambi kokuba bahlatshwe. Naphezu kwalezi zinyathelo, izimo zokungasebenzi kahle zivamile, okuholela ezinyoni ezizwa ubuhlungu nokucindezeleka phakathi nenqubo yokuhlaba.
- Ukunquma uqhwaku nozwane: Ukuvimbela ukulimala kanye nokuziphatha okunonya ezindaweni eziminyene, ama-turkeys avame ukwenza izinqubo ezibuhlungu lapho kukhishwa ingxenye yoqhwaku nezinzwani zawo. Le nqubo, eyenziwa ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia, ingaholela ebuhlungu obungapheli kanye nokudla okukhubazekile nokuhamba.
- Amashedi aminyene: Ama-turkeys akhuliselwe inyama ngokuvamile avalelwa ezindlini eziminyene zasendlini, lapho apakishwa khona aqina nendawo encane ukunyakaza noma ukuveza ukuziphatha kwemvelo. Lokhu kugcwala akubangeli nje ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba kodwa futhi kwandisa ukucindezeleka nobudlova phakathi kwezinyoni.
- Ukukhula okusheshayo: Ukuzalanisa okukhethekile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamahomoni akhuthaza ukukhula kanye nama-antibiotics kuholele ekutheni ama-turkeys afinyelele isisindo semakethe ngenani elisheshayo. Lokhu kukhula okusheshayo kungaholela ekulimaleni kwamathambo, izinkinga zenhliziyo, nezinye izinkinga zempilo, kubeke engcupheni inhlalakahle yezinyoni.
- I-ammonia-laced air: Ukunqwabelana kwe-ammonia kusuka kudoti enqwabelene ezinqolobaneni ze-turkey kungadala izimo zomoya ezinobuthi eziyingozi ezinyonini nakubasebenzi basemapulazini. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni aphezulu e-ammonia kungacasula uhlelo lokuphefumula futhi kwandise ingozi yezifo zokuphefumula nezinye izinkinga zempilo.
- Ukulimala kwezokuthutha: Uhambo olusuka epulazini ukuya esilaheni luvame ukugcwala ingcindezi kanye nobungozi kumaturkey. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha, izinyoni ziminyene emakhrethini futhi ziphathwe kanzima, okwandisa ingozi yokulimala okufana namathambo aphukile kanye nemihuzuko. Ukwengeza, izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu kanye namabanga amade ohambo kungase kubhebhethekise nakakhulu ukucindezeleka nokuhlupheka izinyoni ezibhekana nazo.
Lezi zici ezicindezelayo zokukhiqizwa kwe-turkey zigqamisa unya nokuhlupheka okukhona ohlelweni lokulima kwezimboni. Ngokuqwashisa kanye nokumela ezinye izindlela ezinobuntu neziqhubekayo, singasebenzela ukwakha uhlelo lokudla oluhlonipha inhlalakahle nesithunzi sazo zonke izilwane.
Ukukhathazeka Kwezempilo Nezifo
Imvelo ejulile yokulima i-turkey yenza lezi zinyoni zitholakale kalula ezinkingeni zezempilo nezifo. Ukuminyana, ukungangeni kahle komoya, nezimo ezingahlanzekile kudala indawo ekahle yokusakazeka kwamagciwane, okuholela ekuqubukeni kwezifo ezinjengokungenwa yizifo zokuphefumula kanye nokuhlasela kwezinambuzane. Ukuphendula, abalimi bavame ukuthembela kakhulu kuma-antibiotics neminye imithi ukuze bagcine imihlambi yabo iphilile, okunomthelela ekwandeni kwamagciwane amelana nama-antibiotic kanye nokubeka izingozi empilweni yabantu ngokudla inyama engcolile.
Kungani kungafanele sidle i-turkey?
Ukukhetha ukungalidli i-turkey kungaba yisinqumo esisekelwe ekucabangeleni okuhlukahlukene kokuziphatha, imvelo, kanye nempilo.
Ukukhathazeka Ngokuziphatha: Abantu abaningi bayakugwema ukudla i-turkey ngenxa yokukhathazeka okuphathelene nokuphathwa kwezilwane ezinhlelweni zokulima zasefekthri. Ama-turkeys aphakanyiselwe ukudla avame ukuba ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlala eziminyene futhi ezingahlanzekile, kanye nezinqubo ezibuhlungu ezifana nokugunda uqhwaku nokugunda izinzwane, konke okungabangela ukuhlupheka nokucindezeleka.
Umthelela Wezemvelo: Ukulima eTurkey kungaba nemiphumela ephawulekayo yemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala, nokungcoliswa kwamanzi. Amapulazi amakhulu e-turkey akhiqiza imfucumfucu eningi, okunomthelela ekukhishweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Ukwengeza, ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo zokudla kwama-turkeys kudinga inani elikhulu lomhlabathi, amanzi, kanye nezinsiza, okuqhubekisela phambili ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezempilo: Abanye abantu bakhetha ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwe-turkey ngezizathu zempilo. Imikhiqizo ye-turkey egayiwe, efana nenyama ephuhliwe namasoseji, ngokuvamile iqukethe amazinga aphezulu e-sodium, ama-preservatives, nezithasiselo, ezingaba nemiphumela emibi empilweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhathazeka mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane ekulimeni i-turkey kanye namandla okuthi athuthuke amagciwane amelana nama-antibiotic kungase kube nomthelela ekukhethweni komuntu ngamunye kokudla.
Ukulunga Komphakathi: Ukuqwashisa ngomthelela ongefani wokulima kwezimboni emiphakathini enganakiwe, okuhlanganisa nabasebenzi basemapulazini abavame ukuba ngabantu bebala elimhlophe, kungase kuholele ekutheni abantu bacabange kabusha indlela abasebenzisa ngayo i-turkey neminye imikhiqizo yezilwane. Abakhulumeli bobulungiswa bezenhlalakahle bangase babheke ukuyeka ukusetshenziswa kwe-turkey njengendlela yokweseka izinqubo zabasebenzi ezinobulungiswa futhi babhekane nokungalingani kwesistimu ohlelweni lokudla.
Kafushane, ukukhetha ukungalidli i-turkey kungaba yisinqumo esiqotho esihambisana nokukhathazeka ngenhlalakahle yezilwane, ukusimama kwemvelo, impilo yomuntu siqu, kanye nobulungiswa bezenhlalakahle. Ngokukhetha ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni noma amaprotheni atholakala ngokuqhubekayo, abantu ngabanye bangakwazi ukuvumelanisa ukudla kwabo okukhethayo nezindinganiso zabo futhi banikele ohlelweni lokudla olunozwelo nolulinganayo.
Ungasiza kanjani
Ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwe-turkey kungenye yezindlela ezinomthelela kakhulu zokunciphisa ukuhlupheka okubekezelelwa ama-turkeys emapulazini efektri. Ngokukhetha ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni noma ukukhetha ukusekela imikhiqizo ye-turkey etholakala ngokusemthethweni futhi eqinisekiswe ubuntu, abantu bangathonya ngokuqondile isidingo futhi bakhuthaze imikhuba yokulima ebonisa uzwela.
Isidingo senyama ye-turkey eshibhile yisona sizathu esibalulekile sezindlela zokulima ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenziswa embonini. Ngokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi nokuvota ngezikhwama zethu, singathumela umlayezo onamandla kubakhiqizi nabathengisi ukuthi izindaba zenhlalakahle yezilwane zibalulekile.
Ukwabelana ngolwazi mayelana namaqiniso okulima kwe-turkey nomndeni nabangane nakho kungasiza ekuqwashiseni futhi kukhuthaze abanye ukuthi bacabangele kabusha ukukhetha kwabo kokudla. Ngokuzibandakanya ezingxoxweni futhi sikhulume ngezinketho zokudla ezinokuziphatha okuhle nokuqhubekayo, singasebenzela umhlaba lapho ukuhlupheka kwezilwane ohlelweni lokudla kuncishiswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukujoyina imizamo yokumela okuhloswe ngayo ukuqeda imikhuba enonya njengokuhlatshwa ngamaketango kungenza umehluko ophusile. Ngokusekela umthetho, izicelo, kanye nemikhankaso efuna ukuqedwa kwemikhuba enonya embonini yaseTurkey, abantu ngabanye bangaba neqhaza ekushintsheni kwesistimu futhi basize ekwakheni ikusasa lapho zonke izilwane ziphathwa ngesithunzi nangozwelo.
