Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-2020, inhlangano yezasekhaya iye yadlondlobala ekudumeni, ithatha imibono yabantu beminyaka eyinkulungwane abamagange ukubalekela impilo yasemadolobheni futhi bamukele ukuzimela. Le threndi, evame ukwenziwa eyothando nge-lens yenkundla yezokuxhumana, ithembisa ukubuyela ekuphileni okulula, okungokwesiko—ukuzikhulisela ukudla, ukukhulisa izilwane, kanye nokwenqaba ukulandeleka kobuchwepheshe besimanje. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kokuthunyelwe kwe-Instagram okungavamile kanye nezifundo ze-YouTube kukhona iqiniso elikhathazayo kakhulu: uhlangothi olumnyama lokubhula abantu abangafundile nokufuywa kwezilwane.
Ngenkathi umphakathi wasekhaya uchuma ku-inthanethi, kunezinkundla nama-subreddits aphithizela ngezeluleko kuyo yonke into kusukela ekwenzeni ujamu kuya ekulungiseni ugandaganda, ukujula okujulile kuveza ama-akhawunti ashaqisayo abanikazi bamakhaya abangenalwazi abazabalaza nobunzima bokufuywa. Izindaba zokuhlatshwa okuxakile kanye nemfuyo engaphethwe kahle azivamile, zidweba ukuphambana okumangalisayo nenganekwane enempilo evame ukuvezwa.
Ochwepheshe kanye abalimi asebemkantshubomvu baxwayisa ngokuthi ukufuya izilwane kuyinselele enkulu kakhulu kunalokho okubonakala. Ijika lokufunda lingumqansa, futhi imiphumela yamaphutha ingaba mibi, kokubili ezilwaneni nakubantu basekhaya ngokwabo. Ngaphandle kolwazi oluningi olutholakala ezinkundleni ezifana ne-YouTube, ubuqiniso bokubulala izilwane kuyikhono elingadingi nje ulwazi, kodwa ulwazi nokunemba—into abantu abaningi abasanda kuthola izindlu abayintulayo.
Lesi sihloko sidingida ohlangothini olubuhlungu lwentuthuko yezindlu, ihlola izinselele eziningi ezibhekene nalabo abenza umsebenzi wokukhulisa nokuhlaba izilwane zabo. Kusukela ekubulaweni kwezilwane ezingokomzwelo ezikukhulise kuye ebunzimeni bomzimba bokuqinisekisa ukuhlatshwa kobuntu nangempumelelo, uhambo lomninikhaya wesimanje lugcwele izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ezivame ukucaciswa endabeni eku-inthanethi.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-2020, umkhuba wokuthola izindlu uye waqhuma ekudumeni. I-Off-grid ngokombono, kodwa ngokuvamile ku-inthanethi ekusebenzeni, izinkulungwane zeminyaka ikakhulukazi ziye zalalela isifiso sokuthuthela ezweni ukuze zikhule futhi zizikhulisele ukudla kwazo. Abanye bathanda ukuphila okulula, okungokwesiko (bona ithrendi eseduze ethi “trad wife” ). Abanye babheke ukwenqaba imithwalo yezobuchwepheshe . Lo mkhuba uze wathola amandla ngenxa ye- chicken craze yasendlini , ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi "isilwane esingena esangweni " njengoba abanikazi bezindlu abaningi befuna ukulima inyama yabo. Kepha ukukhuphuka kwezindawo zokuhlala kunohlangothi olumnyama: izindaba eziningi zokufuywa kwezilwane nokuhlaba inyama azihambi kahle. Naphezu kwefantasy enempilo oyibona ezinkundleni zokuxhumana , ochwepheshe baxwayisa abazobe besekhaya ukuthi ukufuya izilwane zenyama kunzima kunalokho okubukeka.
Phusha udlule ama-reel e-Instagram e-"cottagecore" kanye -YouTube "wenziwa kanjani ihhoko lenkukhu" , futhi uzothola amaqembu amaningi ezingxoxo eziku-inthanethi nemicu egcwele abantu basekhaya abafuna isiqondiso. E-Reddit, isibonelo, i- homestead subreddit njengamanje inamalungu ayizigidi ezingu-3 , anemibuzo mayelana nokunakekelwa kwesihlahla, ukwenza ujamu, ukulawula ukhula nokulungisa ugandaganda. Kepha ekujuleni kwe-subreddit, uzohlangana nabanikazi bezindlu bebuza imibuzo enzima kakhulu - babelana ngezinto ezibakhathazayo ngezilwane, okubandakanya imfuyo egulayo, izilwane ezidla ezinye zasendle kanye nama-screwups.
'Abanye Bazo Bahamba Ngokushesha, Abanye Abazange'
“ Ngilahlile inkukhu yami yokuqala,” kubhala omunye umninikhaya kuyi-subreddit. “Ummese wawubukhali ngokwanele ukuthi ulimaze inkukhu. Sabe sesigijima ngokukhulu ukuzuma sizama ukuthola okuthile ukuze senze umsebenzi wenziwe kuphela ukuze sithole izinketho ezingezinhle futhi silimaza leli cockrell [sic]. Ekugcineni, ngazama ukuyephula intamo kodwa ngehluleka ngayiklinya.” Isifundo esifundiwe, ngokusho koqwembe: “Sobabili sidinga ukufunda ukulola imimese kahle.”
“Ngosuku lokuhlaba inyama sasicabanga ukuthi sizilungiselele,” kubhala omunye mayelana nokuhlaba izingulube , okuthiwa uHam, uBacon, amasoseji kanye nePorky. “Sasithenge isibhamu esiyi-.44 caliber esikhundleni se-.22 uma nje kwenzeka. Eyokuqala engu-3 yehla kahle futhi yanamathela ngokushesha. Elokugcina liphakamise ikhanda ngisathi ngidonsa isibhamu lashaya imihlathi. Ngazizwa ngithukuthela ngokuthi kwakumelwe adlule kulobo buhlungu nokuhlupheka kuze kube yilapho simehlisa.”
Abanye abasebenzisi bavulekele ukuvuma ukuntula kwabo ulwazi. “Ngangingakaze ngizihlabe izilwane,” kukhala omunye umninikhaya ngokubulala amadada . “Amanye awo ahamba ngokushesha, amanye awazange […] amanye amadada amakhulu awaphathe kabi.”
U-Meg Brown, umfuyi wezinkomo wesizukulwane sesithupha eNyakatho California, uthi uzungezwe abantu abagxumela endaweni yasemakhaya, kuyilapho abaningi babo bengaqondi ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukulima izilwane. “Kubukeka kuhluke kakhulu ku-inthanethi kunasempilweni yangempela,” utshela u-Sentient. “Kuyinselele kakhulu,” futhi akubona bonke abanolwazi noma isipiliyoni sokuthatha umsebenzi ngendlela efanele.
“Nganginomngane owathola inqwaba yamatshwele futhi wavumela ingane yakhe nengane yakhe ukuba bawaphathe,” kusho uBrown, “futhi izingane zakhe zathola i-salmonella.” Futhi abantu abaningi abasafufusa “bafuna ukuthola inkomo eyodwa noma ingulube eyodwa, futhi bafuna ngibadayisele yona, futhi ngenqaba ukuthengisa imfuyo njengengashadile. Ngicabanga ukuthi lokho kuwunya ngempela.”
Abakwa-DIY Homesteaders baphendukela ku-YouTube
I-YouTube ibe nentando yeningi ukuthi sifunda kanjani , okuhlanganisa imizamo eyingozi enkulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi njengokukhulisa nokubulala izilwane zasemapulazini. "Bengicabanga kakhulu muva nje mayelana nokufuya izilwane ," kubhala omunye u-Redditor, "ukufunda okuyisisekelo ngamavidiyo we-YouTube, njll."
Amavidiyo aphawula izinyathelo zokubulala nokuhlaba izilwane ekhaya maningi endaweni yesikhulumi. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nezifundo eziyisisekelo zokuhlaba izinyama zithatha amasonto ambalwa okufunda futhi ngokuvamile zidinga ukuqeqeshwa ngokuzikhandla.
Kulabo banikazi bamakhaya abazwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngokuhlaba izilwane , okuhlanganisa nomuzwa wecala abangase babe nawo, amalungu omphakathi aku-inthanethi asemi ngomumo namathiphu okuthi uwenza kanjani umsebenzi.
“Angazi nje ukuthi ngingakwazi yini ukukwenza,” kubhala enye i-Redditor efunda ne-YouTube. “Khulisa isilwane kusukela enganeni uye ekubeni umuntu omdala bese, lapho siqala, usihlabe…Ingabe kufanele ulwe nanoma yiliphi icala?” Kunezeluleko eziningi: 'vele uzibophezele,' futhi " ukudonsa isibhamu esilwaneni osinakekele izinyanga akulula neze, kodwa sikwenzela ukuzuzisa umndeni." Ama-Redditors amaningi anikeza izeluleko zokuthi ungasika kanjani umthambo we-jugular ngokushesha. Abanye bayeluleka ngokuthi izilwane zingakwenza kanjani ukujwayelana nabantu “ezinyangeni ezingaphambi kokuhlatshwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zizolile lapho sikhuphuka siyodubula . ”
Ngaleso sikhathi, ngisho umfuyi uBrown impilo yakhe yonke ngeke azihlabe ngokwakhe izilwane. “Nginochwepheshe abafike bazokwenza,” kuchaza yena. "Ngizohamba." Abantu abaningi abangaba ngamakhaya abaqapheli ukuthi “ izilwane zinobuntu , ” futhi ungasondelana nazo. “Khona-ke kufanele ubabulale ngemva kokuba usubakhulisile,” into yena ngokwakhe avumayo ukuthi akafuni ukuyenza.
Izindlela Ezihlukene Zokuthola Izindlu
Abacwaningi bezindlu bathi kunomehluko phakathi kwabasanda kuzalwa nabasemakhaya abaqhamuka ezindaweni zokulima. Encwadini yakhe ethi, Shelter from the Machine: Homesteaders in the Age of Capitalism , umbhali uDkt. Jason Strange uhlola ukuhlukana phakathi kwalokho akubiza ngokuthi “ama-hicks” - abahlali bendabuko abaningi abanezimpande zasemaphandleni - kanye "namahippie" abasha indlela yokuphila futhi ivame ukugqugquzelwa imibono eminingi ye-counterculture.
Incwadi kaStrange ibheka abahlali bendawo yezokuxhumana yangaphambi kwezokuxhumana, ikakhulukazi izizukulwane ezindala, okuhlanganisa nalabo abaqala ukuhlala emakhaya ekuqaleni kwawo-1970. Nokho i-Strange ayiboni labo ababizwa ngokuthi abahlali basekhaya beminyaka eyinkulungwane behluke kakhulu. Abahlali banamuhla basemakhaya basenentshisekelo yokusuka emasikweni onxiwankulu abajwayelekile, baye “kobuqiniso” obukhulu kanye nokuzethemba.
Ifa lama-Vegetarian Homesteaders
Kubanikazi bamakhaya abaningi, ingxenye ewumnyombo yohambo lokuziphilisa, kusho uStrange, udla izilwane abazifuyile futhi bazihlaba bona. Ikhono lokondla umndeni wakho ngenyama yasekhaya libungazwa njengomgomo obalulekile emibuthanweni eminingi ye-intanethi yekhaya — kubizwa “ isibusiso ,” futhi kucashunwe njengobufakazi bokugcina bomuzi ophumelelayo.
Kodwa kukhona enye i-subculture ngaphakathi kwe-subculture - abanikazi bezindlu abakwenza ngaphandle kwezilwane, i-microtrend enezimpande esukela emuva okungenani kuma-1970s. Ngisho nasemuva ezinsukwini zokuqala zenhlangano yesimanje yokufuya amakhaya, kusho uStrange, “ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu abaphikisana namasiko, ama-hippie, wawuyothola abantu ababengamabomu [ukungafuyi nokuhlaba izilwane].”
Uhlangothi lwemifino ethe xaxa lokuthola ikhaya luyachuma futhi ku-inthanethi, amanye ama-akhawunti aveza izinzuzo “ zokuhlala ngaphandle kwenyama,” kanye namathiphu okuthi “ ungenza kanjani ikhaya ngaphandle kwezilwane ,” noma ngisho nezindlela zokwenza imali ekhaya ngaphandle kokuthengisa imikhiqizo yezilwane .
Ngonyaka odlule ku-r/homestead, i-subreddit enikezelwe ekunakekeleni ikhaya, lowo owayezoba umninikhaya wayenenkinga yokungezwani nezilwane zasemapulazini kanye nemikhawulo yendawo. “Ngabe ngingumninikhaya 'wangempela' ongenazilwane?,” kubuza i-retromama77. " Akuyona imfuneko ," kuphendula i-Redditor eyodwa. “Uma wenza imizamo yokuziphilisa ungumuntu wasekhaya,” kuphendula omunye. Phela, njengoba okwamanje umninikhaya wesithathu evuma, “Empeleni akumnandi ukufuya izilwane ukuze uzibulale.”
Qaphela: Lokhu okuqukethwe bekushicilelwe ekuqaleni ku-SeintMedia.org futhi kungahle kungabonisi imibono yesisekelo Humane Foundation.
