Isingeniso
Iningi lezinkomo ezifuyelwe embonini yobisi zibekezelela iqiniso elihluke kakhulu.
Evalelwe ezindaweni eziqinile, aphucwa ikhono lokufeza izidingo zawo ezibaluleke kakhulu, njengokunakekela amathole awo, noma isikhashana nje. Kunokuba baphathwe ngesizotha, babhekwa njengemishini nje ekhiqiza ubisi. Ngokulawulwa yizakhi zofuzo, lezi zinkomo zingase zinikezwe ama-antibiotics namahomoni ukuze kukhuliswe ukukhiqizwa kobisi. Lokhu kuphishekela inzuzo okungapheli kuza ngokulahlekelwa inhlalakahle yezinkomo, okuholela ezinkingeni eziningi ezingokomzimba nezingokomzwelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kobisi lwalezi zilwane ezihluphekayo kuye kwahlotshaniswa nokwanda kwezingozi zesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, umdlavuza nezinye izifo ezihlukahlukene kubantu. Ngakho, nakuba izinkomo zibekezelela ukuhlupheka okukhulu kula mapulazi, abantu abadla ubisi lwabo babeka impilo yabo engozini. Kule ndaba, sizohlola amaqiniso amnyama okulima ubisi, sigxile ekuxhashazweni kwezinkomo zobisi ukuze kuzuze inzuzo.
Imboni Yobisi
Izinkomo ngokwemvelo zikhiqiza ubisi ukuze zondle amaphuphu azo, zifanekisela umuzwa wemvelo kamama obonakala kubantu. Nokho, embonini yobisi, lokhu kuxhumana okuzalwa phakathi kukamama nenkonyane kuyaphazamiseka. Amankonyane ahlukaniswa nonina phakathi nosuku ezelwe, okuwenza aphuce isikhathi esibalulekile sokuhlangana nokunakekela nonina. Esikhundleni sokuthi zithole ubisi lukanina, ziphakelwa izinto zokubuyisela ubisi, okuvame ukufaka izithako ezifana negazi lezinkomo, njengoba ubisi lonina luphambukisa ukuze ludliwe ngabantu.
Izinkomo ezinsikazi emapulazini obisi zithola umjikelezo ongapheli wokufakelwa amadlozi ngemva nje kokuzalwa kwazo kokuqala. Ngemva kokubeletha, zilahlwa ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi esingangezinyanga eziyi-10 ngaphambi kokuba ziphinde zifakwe isidoda, okuqhubekisela phambili umjikelezo wokukhiqizwa kobisi. Izimo lezi zinkomo ezifuywa kuzo ziyahlukahluka, kodwa eziningi zibekezelela ukuphila kokuvalelwa nokuswela. Abanye bavalelwe phansi kukakhonkolo, kanti abanye baminyene ezindaweni eziminyene, behlala phakathi kwemfucuza yabo. Izambulo ezishaqisayo ezivela kubakhulumeli kanye nophenyo ngamapulazi obisi zithole izimo ezishaqisayo. Isibonelo, ipulazi lobisi eNyakatho Carolina livezwe ngokuphoqa izinkomo ukuba zidle, zihambe, futhi zilale emfucumfucwini efika emadolweni, okuholele ekuvaleni kwalo. Ngokufanayo, ipulazi lasePennsylvania elihlinzeka ngobisi ukuze kukhiqizwe ushizi eMaryland kwatholakala ukuthi kunezinkomo ezazigingqika emqubeni wazo ezibayeni ezingcolile ezinezingubo zokulala ezinganele. Izinkomo ezisengwayo ezingaphezu kwengxenye zazivuvukele, zinezilonda emalungwini noma ziswele uboya—okuwubufakazi obubuhlungu bokuhlupheka lezi zilwane ezikubekezelela.
Lezi zindaba ezidabukisayo zisikhanyisela ngokuphathwa kabi kwezinkomo zobisi embonini.
Ukuxhashazwa Kwezinkomo Zobisi
Enye yezindlela ezimbi kakhulu zokuxhashazwa embonini yobisi umjikelezo oqhubekayo wokukhulelwa nokuncelisa okubekwa ezinkomeni zobisi. Ukuze kugcinwe ukukhiqizwa kobisi, izinkomo zifakwa ngokwenziwa ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha, okuqhubekisela phambili umjikelezo wokukhulelwa nokuncelisa othatha isikhathi esiningi sezimpilo zazo. Lokhu kucindezeleka okuqhubekayo emizimbeni yabo kuholela ekukhathaleni ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo, kanye nokwanda kokungenwa yizifo ezinjenge-mastitis kanye nokuxhwala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehlukaniswa kwamathole komama bawo kuwumkhuba ovamile embonini yobisi, okubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kanye nokuhlukumezeka kokubili kwezinkomo kanye nenzalo yazo. Amankonyane ngokuvamile athathwa komama bawo ngemva nje kokuzalwa, okubancisha ukunakekelwa komama nokudla akudingayo ukuze akhule ngendlela enempilo. Amathole ezinsikazi avame ukukhuliswa ukuze abe izinkomo zobisi ngokwawo, kuyilapho amathole eduna athengiswa ngenyama yenkomo noma ahlatshelwe inyama yenkomo, okugqamisa unya nokuxhashazwa okufakwe ngaphakathi kwemboni yobisi.
Umthelela Wezemvelo
Ngaphezu kokukhathazeka ngokuziphatha okuphathelene nokuxhashazwa kwezinkomo zobisi, imboni yobisi nayo inemiphumela ephawulekayo yemvelo . Ukufuywa kobisi ngezinga elikhulu kunengxenye ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, nokukhipha amagesi abamba ukushisa, okubhebhethekisa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo. Ukukhiqizwa okujulile kwezitshalo zokudla njengesoya kanye nommbila wezinkomo zobisi nakho kufaka ingcindezi emhlabeni namanzi, kuqhubekisele phambili ubunzima bemvelo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Imizimba Yomuntu Ilwa Nobisi Lwenkomo
Ukuphuzwa kobisi lwenkomo ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana kuyinto evamile kubantu nezilwane ezingabangane ezikhuliswa abantu. Ezweni lemvelo, alukho uhlobo oluqhubeka luphuza ubisi luze lukhule, kungasaphathwa ubisi lolunye uhlobo. Ubisi lwenkomo, oluzifanele ngokuphelele izidingo zokudla kwamathole, luyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhula nokukhula kwawo ngokushesha. Amathole, anezisu ezine, angakwazi ukuzuza amakhulu opondo phakathi nenkathi yezinyanga, ngokuvamile adlule amakhilogremu angu-1 000 ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele eminyakeni emibili ubudala.
Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwalo kabanzi, ubisi lwenkomo luthinteka ezinkingeni ezehlukene zezempilo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Ibalwa phakathi kwezimbangela eziphezulu zokungezwani komzimba nokudla kulesi sibalo sabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaningi baqala ukukhiqiza amanani anciphayo e-lactase, i-enzyme edingekayo ekugayweni kobisi, ekuqaleni kweminyaka emibili ubudala. Lokhu kuncipha kungaholela ekungabekezelelani kwe-lactose, okuthinta izigidi zabantu baseMelika. Ngokushaqisayo, ukungabekezelelani kwe-lactose kuthinta ngokungafaniyo izinhlanga ezithile, cishe ngamaphesenti angama-95 abantu base-Asia-America kanye namaphesenti angama-80 aboMdabu nabase-Afrika-baseMelika abathintekile. Izimpawu zokungabekezelelani kwe-lactose zingasukela ekungaphatheki kahle njengokuqunjelwa, igesi, namajaqamba kuye ekubonakalisweni okubi kakhulu njengokuhlanza, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuqubuka, nesifuba somoya.
Ucwaningo luye lwagcizelela izinzuzo zokuqeda ubisi ekudleni komuntu. Ucwaningo lwase-UK lubonise ukuthuthuka okukhulu kwezempilo phakathi kwabantu abahlushwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, isifuba somoya, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukukhathala, nezinkinga zokugaya ukudla lapho besika ubisi ekudleni kwabo. Lokhu okutholakele kugqamisa imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokuphuza ubisi lwenkomo empilweni yomuntu futhi kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokucabangela ezinye izindlela ezihambisana nezidingo zokudla komuntu ngamunye kanye nalokho okuthandwayo.
I-Calcium ne-Protein Myths
Naphezu kokudla i-calcium eningi, abesifazane baseMelika babhekana namazinga aphezulu ngokushaqisayo e-osteoporosis uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe. Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, ukusetshenziswa kobisi kungase kunganikezi izinzuzo zokuzivikela kulesi sifo njengoba kwakucatshangwa; kunalokho, kungase kukhulise ingozi. Isibonelo esiphawulekayo wucwaningo lwabahlengikazi baseHarvard olubandakanya abesifazane abangaphezu kuka-77,000 abaneminyaka engu-34 kuya ku-59, oluveze ukuthi labo abadla izingilazi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zobisi nsuku zonke babe nezingozi eziphakeme zokuphuka izinqe nezingalo uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abadla ingilazi eyodwa noma ngaphansi usuku.
Lokhu okutholakele kubekela inselele umbono wokuthi imikhiqizo yobisi iyimithombo ebalulekile yamaprotheni. Eqinisweni, abantu bangathola wonke amaprotheni abawadingayo emithonjeni ehlukahlukene esekelwe ezitshalweni njengamantongomane, imbewu, imvubelo, okusanhlamvu, ubhontshisi, nemidumba. Eqinisweni, ukulondoloza ukudla okwanele amaprotheni akuvamile ukuba kube inkinga kubantu abalandela ukudla okulinganiselayo, ikakhulukazi emazweni afana ne-United States lapho ukushoda kwamaprotheni, okwaziwa nangokuthi “i-kwashiorkor,” kuyivelakancane kakhulu. Ukuntuleka okunjalo kuvame ukutholakala ezifundeni ezihlaselwe ukusweleka kokudla okukhulu nendlala.
Le mininingwane igcizelela ukubaluleka kokuhlola kabusha izinkolelo ezivamile zokudla kanye nokuhlola eminye imithombo yokudla okunomsoco engakhuthaza impilo yonke nokuphila kahle ngaphandle kwezingozi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kobisi. Ngokwamukela ukudla okuhlukahlukene nokugxile ezitshalweni, abantu ngabanye bangahlangabezana nezidingo zabo zomsoco kuyilapho benciphisa ukukhathazeka okungaba khona kwezempilo okuhlobene nemikhiqizo yobisi.
Ongakwenza
Ukwenza umehluko obonakalayo ezimpilweni zezinkomo ezihluphekayo emapulazini emboni, abantu ngabanye bangathatha izinyathelo eziqinile ngokuyeka ukuthenga ubisi neminye imikhiqizo yobisi. Ukwamukela ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni kunikeza isisombululo esinozwelo nesimeme. Ubisi oluvela ezitshalweni, oluqiniswe ngemisoco ebalulekile njenge-calcium, amavithamini, okusansimbi, i-zinc, namaprotheni, lusebenza njengezinye izinto ezinhle kakhulu ngaphandle kwemiphumela eyingozi ye-cholesterol etholakala emikhiqizweni yobisi.
