Ngena kunoma yisiphi isitolo segrosa, futhi uzothola amashalofu agcwele inyama, amaqanda, nemikhiqizo yobisi. Ongase ungakuboni, nokho, imithelela yesimilo etholakala ngemuva kwalokhu kudla okubonakala kungenangozi. Emphakathini wanamuhla, ukulima kwasefekthri sekuphenduke isihloko esishisayo, esiphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile yezimiso zokuziphatha ephathelene nenhlalakahle yezilwane, umthelela wendawo, kanye nempilo yabantu. Lokhu okuthunyelwe okukhethiwe kuhloswe ukuhlolisisa imithelela yesimilo enezici eziningi zokulima kwasefekthri ngokusebenzisa iso lonya lwezilwane, ukusimama kwemvelo, kanye nomthelela enhlalakahleni yomuntu.
Unya Lwezilwane Embonini Yokulima
Amapulazi efekthri, abuye aziwe ngokuthi yi -concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs), ayizikhungo zezimboni ezihlose ukukhulisa umkhiqizo kanye nenzuzo. Ngeshwa, lokhu kuvame ukuza ngenxa yenhlalakahle yezilwane. Kula mapulazi, izilwane zingaphansi kwezimo zokuphila ezimpintshana futhi ezivalelwe, okuholela ekucindezelekeni okukhulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
Izilwane ezinjengezinkomo, izingulube, nezinkukhu zivame ukupakishwa ezindaweni ezincane, ezingahlanzekile lapho zingakwazi ukuzibandakanya ekuziphatheni kwemvelo noma ukubonisa ukuxhumana nabantu. Imithelela yokuziphatha yalokhu kuboshwa ifinyelela kude, njengoba iphikisana nokuthambekela kwemvelo kanye nomuzwa wemvelo walezi zilwane. Lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kwamazinga engcindezi, ukwanda kokungenwa yizifo, nokuncipha kwenhlalakahle jikelele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulazi embonini avame ukuthembela ekusetshenzisweni kwama-antibiotics, ama-hormone okukhula, nezinye izinqubo zezempilo ezingabazekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula okusheshayo nokuvimbela izifo ezindaweni ezinjalo ezigcwele kakhulu. Lo mkhuba uphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngezingozi ezingokwempilo ezingase zibe khona ezilwaneni ngokwazo kuphela kodwa nakubathengi abangabantu.
Ukusimama Kwemvelo kanye Nokulima Kwasembonini
Umthelela wemvelo wokulima kwasefekthri awukwazi ukugcizelelwa. Le misebenzi inegalelo elikhulu ekukhishweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, okuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Eqinisweni, ezinye izilinganiso ziphakamisa ukuthi ukulima kwezilwane kuyimbangela yokukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa ngaphezu kwawo wonke umkhakha wezokuthutha uhlangene .
Amapulazi ezimboni nawo akhiqiza imfucuza eningi, evame ukuphathwa ngendlela engafanele. Ukulahlwa kwendle yezilwane, umchamo, nezinye izinto ezikhiqizwayo kuholela ekungcoleni kwamanzi, okuhlanganisa nokungcoliswa kwemifula nemithombo yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kukamanyolo nezibulala-zinambuzane ekutshaleni ukudla kwezilwane kubhebhethekisa kakhulu ukulimala kwemvelo okubangelwa ukulima kwasefekthri.
Okunye okuphathelene nomphumela wokulima efekthri ukugawulwa kwamahlathi. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo sezitshalo zokudla, izindawo ezinkulu zamahlathi ziyagawulwa, okuholela ekucekeleni phansi kwezindawo zemvelo nokulahlekelwa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Lokhu kulahlekelwa kwesimiso semvelo semvelo kuqhubekisela phambili umjikelezo wokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo osongela ukulingana okuntekenteke phakathi kwabantu, izilwane, kanye neplanethi ngokwayo.
Imithelela Yezempilo Yokulima Kwasembonini
Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuziphatha, ukulima kwasefekthri kubangela izingozi ezingaba khona empilweni yabantu. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane ekudleni kwezilwane, okuhloswe ngayo ukuvimbela izifo ezimweni eziminyene, kuwumkhuba osetshenziswa kakhulu ekulimeni kwasefekthri. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusetshenziswa kakhulu kwama-antibiotic kunomthelela ekwandeni kwamagciwane amelana nama-antibiotic, okubeka usongo olukhulu empilweni yomuntu. Ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane amelana namagciwane kuba yinselele ngokwandayo, kufaka ukuphila engozini futhi kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwale mithi ebalulekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi yokulima efekthri iye yahlotshaniswa nezifo ezitholakala ngokudla. Izimo ezingahlanzekile lapho izilwane zikhuliswa khona zandisa ingozi yokungcoliswa kwenyama nemikhiqizo yezilwane ngamagciwane anjengeSalmonella, E. coli, neCampylobacter. Ukudla ukudla okungcolile kungaholela ekuguleni okubi kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kube nemiphumela ehlala njalo enhlalakahleni yomuntu engokomzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezibulala-zinambuzane namanye amakhemikhali ekulimeni kwasefekthri kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nokukhathazeka okuhlukahlukene kwezempilo. Lawa makhemikhali anganqwabelana ezicutshini zezilwane futhi athole indlela yawo ohlelweni lokudla kwabantu, okungaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni komzimba womuntu futhi kube nezingozi ezengeziwe zezempilo.
Ezinye izindlela kanye neShift Towards Ethical Farming
Nakuba ukulima kwasefekthri kungase kulawule imboni yokudla, kunezinye izindlela zokulima ezikhuthaza ukucatshangelwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha kanye nokusimama kwemvelo. Ukulima okuphilayo, ngokwesibonelo, kugxile ekusebenziseni umanyolo wemvelo, izindlela ezididiyelwe zokulawula izinambuzane, kanye nokunikeza imfuyo ithuba lokuya ngaphandle nezimo ezifanele zokuhlala.
Ukulima kabusha kanye ne-permaculture yizinqubo ezengeziwe ezigcizelela ukubuyiselwa kwempilo yenhlabathi, ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, kanye nemvelo. Lezi zindlela zihlose ukusebenza ngokuhambisana nemvelo, ukukhuthaza izindlela zokulima ezisimeme kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo.
Ngaphandle kwalezi zindlela ezihlukile, abathengi baphinde badlale indima ebalulekile ekuqhubekiseni ushintsho embonini. Ngokukhetha ukweseka abalimi bendawo nabancane ababeka phambili inhlalakahle yezilwane kanye nezinqubo ezisimeme, abantu bangathumela umlayezo onamandla ohlelweni olukhulu lokukhiqiza ukudla. Ukwengeza, ukusekela umthetho kanye nezinhlangano ezimela izindinganiso eziqinile zenhlalakahle yezilwane kanye nokukhuthaza imikhuba yokulima esimeme nakho kungasiza ukusheshisa ukushintshela ohlelweni lokulima olunokuziphatha okuhle noluzinzile lwesikhathi esizayo.
Isiphetho
Izimiso zokuziphatha zokulima kwasefekthri zidlulela ngalé kwemingcele yonya lwezilwane. Umthelela wemboni emvelweni nempilo yabantu awunakuzitshwa. Ngokukhanyisa amaqiniso okulima efekthri, kuba sobala ukuthi ushintsho luyadingeka. Ukucabanga ngemikhuba yethu yokudla kanye nokwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi kungaholela emzamweni ohlangene wokusekela ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha futhi ufune uhlelo lokudla oluzinzile. Sekuyisikhathi sokumelela inhlalakahle yezilwane, impilo yeplanethi yethu kanye nekusasa lethu.
