Umthelela Wezamanzi Nenhlabathi

Impilo yezinhlelo zamanzi nomhlabathi weplanethi yethu ixhumene kakhulu nezinqubo zezolimo, futhi ukufuywa kwezilwane ezimbonini kunomthelela omubi kakhulu. Imfuyo emikhulu ikhiqiza imfucuza eningi, evame ukungena emifuleni, emachibini, namanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ingcolise imithombo yamanzi nge-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, imithi elwa namagciwane namagciwane. Lokhu kungcola kuphazamisa imvelo yasemanzini, kusongela impilo yabantu, futhi kunomthelela ekwandeni kwezindawo ezifile olwandle nasezindaweni ezihlala emanzini ahlanzekile.
Umhlabathi, isisekelo sokuvikeleka kokudla emhlabeni wonke, uhlupheka ngokulinganayo ngaphansi kokufuywa kwezilwane ngamandla. Ukudlisa ngokweqile, izitshalo zokuphakela i-monoculture, kanye nokuphathwa kabi komquba kuholela ekugugulekeni, ekuncipheni komsoco, nasekulahlekeni kokuvunda kwenhlabathi. Ukuwohloka kwenhlabathi engaphezulu akugcini nje ngokubukela phansi ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo kodwa futhi kunciphisa amandla emvelo omhlaba okumunca ikhabhoni futhi alawule imijikelezo yamanzi, kuqinise kokubili isomiso nezikhukhula.
Lesi sigaba sigcizelela ukuthi ukuvikela amanzi nomhlabathi kubalulekile ekusimameni kwemvelo nempilo yabantu. Ngokugqamisa umthelela wokulima kwasefekthri kulezi zinsiza ezibalulekile, kukhuthaza ukushintshela ezindleleni zezolimo ezivuselelayo, ukuphathwa kwamanzi okunesibopho, kanye nokudla okunciphisa ubunzima kuzinhlelo zemvelo ezibalulekile zeplanethi yethu.

Ukumelana ne-antibiotic nokungcola okuvela ekungcoleni kwezolimo zezilwane kuyizinselelo eziphuthumayo zomhlaba ngemiphumela emide efinyelela kude yezempilo yomphakathi, imvelo, nokuphepha kokudla. Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwemithi elwa namagciwane ekulimazelweni kwemfuyo ukukhulisa ukukhula nokuvimbela izifo kufake isandla ekuphakameni okwethusayo kwamagciwane alwa namagciwane, kunciphisa ukusebenza kwezindlela zokwelashwa ezibalulekile. Ngasikhathi sinye, imfucuza ephethwe kabi evela ku-Frecentrate Animal feed Operations (cafos) yethula ukungcola okuyingozi - kufaka phakathi izinsalela ezilwa namagciwane, ama-hormone kanye nezakhi zomzimba - ezinhlelweni zamanzi. Lokhu kungcoliswa kusongela impilo yasemanzini, iyekethisa ikhwalithi yamanzi, futhi isheshisa ukusakazeka kwamagciwane amelana nezemvelo. Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga zifuna izindlela zokulima ezizinzile ezibeka phambili izindlela zokuziphatha ezibekelwe izindlela zokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic kanye namasu wokulawulwa kwenkuthalo okuqinile ukuvikela impilo yabantu futhi alondoloze ukulinganisela kwemvelo

Isifiso sokukhuphuka somhlaba wonke semikhiqizo yezilwane siye saqhutshwa ukwamukelwa okusabalele kwezolimo efektri, uhlelo luncike kakhulu ekukhiqizeni okuphakelayo kwezimboni. Ngaphansi kwe-veneer yayo yokusebenza kahle kulele ukukhishwa kwemali okuthe xaxa, ukulahlekelwa yi-biodiversity, kanye nokungcola kwamanzi, kanye nokungcola kwamanzi kungenye nje yemithelela ebhubhisayo eboshelwe ukulima izilimo ze-monoculture njenge-soy kanye nommbila wokudla kwezilwane. Le mikhuba iqeda izinsiza zemvelo, i-erode yezempilo yenhlabathi, iphazamise imvelo, kanye nemithwalo yendawo ngenkathi kuqinisa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu. Lo mbhalo uhlola izindleko zemvelo zokukhiqizwa okuphakelayo kwezilwane zasemafulemini zasefekthri futhi zigqamisa ukucindezela kudingeka ukwamukela izixazululo ezizinzile ezivikela iplanethi yethu futhi kuthuthukise izindlela zozolimo zokulima

Izilwandle zethu, ezicebile empilweni nasezilwaneni eziphilayo, zibhekene nosongo okhulayo: ukwanda okusheshayo kwezindawo ezifile olwandle. Lezi zindawo, lapho amazinga we-oxygen plummet kanye nempilo yasolwandle engenakukhuleka khona, kuya ngokuya kuhambisana nomthelela wezemvelo wezolimo zezilwane. Kusuka kumanyolo runa kudala ama-algal blooms aqhakaza ukungcola kusuka ekungcoleni imfucumfucu kanye nokukhiqizwa okuphakelayo, izindlela zokulima izimboni zilimaza kakhulu i-Marine Ecosystems. Lo mbhalo uhlola ukuthi izindlela zezolimo ezingafinyeleleki zifaka kanjani izimo ezifile olwandle futhi ziveze izixazululo ezisebenzisekayo - njengokuthola ukudla okususelwa kwizitshalo futhi kukhuthaza ukulima okuzinzile - kungasiza ukuvikela izilwane zethu ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ezizayo ezizayo

Ukulima ifektri, noma ezolimo zezimboni, kuqhamuke njengebutho elivelele ekukhiqizeni ukudla, kodwa ukuphoqelelwa kwalo kwezemvelo emanzini nenhlabathi kuyashisa. Lolu hlelo olunzulu luthembele ekufakweni kwamakhemikhali, ama-antibiotic, kanye nemikhuba ye-monoculture ephazamisayo i-ecosystems kanye nemithombo yemvelo. Ukusuka ekungcolisweni kwamanzi ngamanzi anomsoco onothile wokukhulisa ukuzala kwenhlabathi ngokugcwala ngokweqile nokuguguleka, imiphumela ye-ripple yomabili isondele futhi ethukuthele. Kuhlanganiswe nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngokweqile kanye nokubhujiswa kwendawo yokuhlala okukuvuselela ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukulima efektri kubeka izinselelo ezinkulu ekusimuseni. Ukuhlola le miphumela kuqokomisa isidingo esiphuthumayo semikhuba ye-eco-ukuqaphela ukuvikela izinsiza ezibalulekile zeplanethi yethu ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ezizayo

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwaba nokugcizelelwa okwandayo kokuphila impilo eqhubekayo, futhi ngesizathu esihle. Ngenxa yosongo olusondelayo lokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nesidingo esiphuthumayo sokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni yethu, sekubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili ukuthi sibheke izinqumo esizenzayo ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke ezinomthelela ekushiseni kwekhabhoni yethu. Nakuba abaningi bethu bewazi umthelela wezokuthutha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla emvelweni, ukudla kwethu kungenye into ebalulekile evame ukunganakwa. Eqinisweni, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukudla esikudlayo kungafinyelela ingxenye yesine ye-carbon footprint yethu yonke. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ekwenyukeni kokudla okune-eco-friendly, inhlangano egxile ekwenzeni ukukhetha kokudla okungazuzisi impilo yethu kuphela kodwa neplanethi. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umqondo wokudla okunempilo kanye nendlela ukudla kwethu ...

Sinike amazinyo akho endabeni ngemuva kwe-cheeseburger yakho oyithandayo - inganekwane eyethela kude izingqimba zayo ezinamafutha. Kusuka ezinkomeni ze-methane-belching kuya emadlelweni amahle adonsayo, wonke amalume athwala umphumela wemvelo othinta iplanethi yethu ngezindlela ezijulile. Le ndatshana ichitha ijule ngezindleko ezifihliwe zezolimo zezilwane, eveza ukuthi abashizi bafaka kanjani abathelela ekuphumeni kwamagesi abamba ukushisa, ukuswelakala kwamanzi, ukulahleka kwezinto eziphilayo, kanye nokubhujiswa kwezinto eziphilayo. Sijoyine njengoba sihlola uhambo "oluvela emadlelweni kuya kuPlanethi," Ukwemukela Ukukhokhiswa Kwemvelo kwalokhu kudla okunenduduzo nokukhuthaza izinqumo ezinzile zomhlaba onempilo

Ukuswela amanzi kuyavela njengezinkinga zomhlaba wonke, kwaqiniswa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nemikhuba engaphephile. Phakathi kwalolu daba kunguzolimo zezilwane - umshayeli omkhulu ovame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwamanzi amasha. Ukusuka emanzini amakhulu okusetshenziswa kwezilimo okuphakelayo ekungcoleni nasekukhishweni kwe-aquifer ngokweqile, ukulima kwezimboni kubeka ingcindezi enkulu ekuhlinzekweni kwamanzi okuncipha. Lo mbhalo uhlola ukuxhumana okuvusa umsindo phakathi kwezolimo zezilwane kanye nokushoda kwamanzi, ama-delves ezibonelweni zangempela zomhlaba ezinjenge-california ephakathi nendawo kanye nomkhakha wenyama yenyama ye-california, bese ubeka izixazululo ezisebenzayo zokuvikela izinhlelo zokudla ezibalulekile