Imikhuba Yokulima Ifektri - Humane Foundation

Imikhuba yokulima yasefekthri ibeka izigidigidi zezilwane ezimeni zezimboni eziphezulu, ezibeka phambili ukusebenza kahle kanye nenzuzo kunenhlalakahle. Izinkomo, izingulube, izinkukhu, nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukuvalelwa ezindaweni eziminyene, zivinjelwe ukuziphatha kwemvelo, futhi zingaphansi kwemithetho yokudla okunamandla kanye nemigomo yokukhula ngokushesha. Lezi zimo zivame ukuholela ekulimaleni ngokomzimba, ukucindezeleka okungapheli, kanye nohlu lwezinkinga zempilo, okubonisa ukukhathazeka okujulile kwezimiso zokuziphatha okutholakala kwezolimo zezimboni.
Ngaphandle kokuhlupheka kwezilwane, ukulima kwasefekthri kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu emvelweni nasemphakathini. Ukusebenza kwemfuyo eningi kakhulu kunomthelela omkhulu ekungcolisweni kwamanzi, ekungcolisweni komoya, nasekukhiqizweni kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, kanti futhi kukhahlameza izinsiza zemvelo futhi kunomthelela emiphakathini yasemakhaya. Ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwama-antibiotics ukuvimbela izifo ezimeni eziminyene kuphakamisa ezinye izinselelo zempilo yomphakathi, okuhlanganisa ukumelana nama-antibiotic.
Ukubhekana nokulimala kwemikhuba yokulima efekthri kudinga ukuguqulwa kwesistimu, ukwenziwa kwenqubomgomo unolwazi, kanye nokukhetha kwabathengi okuqaphelayo. Ukungenelela kwenqubomgomo, ukuziphendulela kwenkampani, nokukhetha kwabathengi—njengokweseka ukulima okuzivuselelayo noma ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe esitshalweni—kunganciphisa ukulimala okuhlobene nezolimo zezilwane ezithuthukisiwe. Ukuqaphela amaqiniso ezinqubo zokulima zasefekthri kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokwakha uhlelo lokudla olunobuntu, oluzinzile, nolunomthwalo wemfanelo wezilwane kanye nabantu.

Izilwandle zethu, ezicebile empilweni nasezilwaneni eziphilayo, zibhekene nosongo okhulayo: ukwanda okusheshayo kwezindawo ezifile olwandle. Lezi zindawo, lapho amazinga we-oxygen plummet kanye nempilo yasolwandle engenakukhuleka khona, kuya ngokuya kuhambisana nomthelela wezemvelo wezolimo zezilwane. Kusuka kumanyolo runa kudala ama-algal blooms aqhakaza ukungcola kusuka ekungcoleni imfucumfucu kanye nokukhiqizwa okuphakelayo, izindlela zokulima izimboni zilimaza kakhulu i-Marine Ecosystems. Lo mbhalo uhlola ukuthi izindlela zezolimo ezingafinyeleleki zifaka kanjani izimo ezifile olwandle futhi ziveze izixazululo ezisebenzisekayo - njengokuthola ukudla okususelwa kwizitshalo futhi kukhuthaza ukulima okuzinzile - kungasiza ukuvikela izilwane zethu ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ezizayo ezizayo

Ukulima emafekthri kuwumkhuba osuvame kakhulu emphakathini wanamuhla, kodwa uhlangothi lwawo olumnyama alunakwa. Ngemuva kokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yezilwane okubonakala kusebenza ngempumelelo futhi kungabizi kakhulu kunezwe elinonya nokuhlupheka okwedlulele. Lokhu okuthunyelwe kuhlose ukukhanyisa iqiniso eliphazamisayo lonya kwezilwane emapulazini emboni, ukuveza izimo ezinzima kanye nemikhuba engenabuntu izilwane ezibhekana nazo nsuku zonke. Isikhathi sokubhekisisa uhlangothi olumnyama lokulima kwefekthri futhi siqale ingxoxo ngesidingo esiphuthumayo soshintsho. Amapulazi asezimbonini anesandla ekuhlukunyezweni kwezilwane ngokufaka izilwane ngaphansi kwezimo zokuphila ezingenabuntu. Izilwane ezisemapulazini ezimboni zivame ukuminyana, okuholela emazingeni aphezulu okucindezeleka nolaka. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwama-antibiotics emapulazini emboni kubeka engcupheni impilo yezilwane kanye nabathengi. Amapulazi efekthri avame ukusebenzisa imikhuba enonya njengokudelela nomsila ...

Ngemuva kwe-facade ekhethiwe embonini yenyama ilele iqiniso elifihlekile lokuhlupheka kwezilwane okukhulu. Ukuhlatshwa, kusebenza kude nokuhlolisisa umphakathi, kusebenza njengezikhumbuzo ezimnandi zezindleko zokuziphatha zezolimo zezilwane ezithuthukile. Ngaphakathi kwezindonga zabo, izidalwa ezinemizwa zikhuthazelele ukweqa, ukwesaba, futhi zivame ukuphatha ngesihluku ekuphishekeleni okungapheli. Le ndatshana ifaka izimo ezicindezelayo izilwane ebusweni ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuhlatshwa ngenkathi ihlola imiphumela ebanzi yenhlalonhle yezilwane, ukusimama kwemvelo kanye nempilo yabantu. Ngokubhekana nalokhu okucacu okufihliwe, simema ukuboniswa kokuthi kube lula kangakanani futhi nokuguqulwa kwezinguquko kungavuselela indlela eya ngekusasa elinozwela ngokwengeziwe

Ukulima efektri, kuvame ukukhomba ukulima izilwane okunamandla, kungubutho obukhulu kwezolimo kwanamuhla, okuhlose ukufeza ukufunwa komhlaba wonke kwenyama, ubisi namaqanda. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuphishekela ukusebenza kahle kukhona umthwalo omkhulu wezomnotho oboshelwe emikhubeni engenangqondo. Ukusuka ekulimaleni okungokomdumo kanye nezindleko zomthetho ezindabeni zokulandela ukuhambisana kanye nokuwa kwemvelo, uhlobo lwezezimali lwesihluku sezilwane emapulazini asefekthri lufinyelela kude nalomkhakha onomkhakha onomthelela othinta abathengi, imiphakathi yasendaweni, kanye nempilo yomphakathi. Njengoba ukuqwashisa ngalezi zindleko ezifihliwe kukhula kudinga ukuguqulwa kokuziphatha, lo mbhalo uhlola ukuthi imikhuba yobuntu ibeka phambili kanjani indlela yokuqina komnotho nenqubekela phambili eqhubekayo

Izinkomo zobisi zikhuthazelela ubunzima obungenakuqhathaniswa ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba ezinhlanganweni zokulima efektri, kepha ukuhlupheka kwabo kuhlala kungabonakali kakhulu. Ngaphansi kobuso bokukhiqizwa kobisi kulele emhlabeni wokuvalelwa, ukudideka, kanye nokuqhakaza kwenhliziyo njengoba lezi zilwane ezinobuhlakani zibhekana nezikhala ezicindezelekile, nokucindezelwa okungapheli kwengqondo. Lo mbhalo wembula amaqiniso angokomzwelo angokomzwelo ezinkomo zobisi, uhlole izinselelo zokuziphatha eziboshelwe ukungazinaki inhlala-kahle yazo, futhi uqokomise izindlela ezinenjongo yokuxhasa ushintsho. Sekuyisikhathi sokubona usizi lwabo oluthule futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezibheke ohlelweni lokudla olunomusa olwazisa ububele phezu konya

Ngemuva kwako konke ukudla kulele okungokoqobo Abaningi bakhetha ukungaboni - lapho ukulima efektri kubusa khona, kuqhutshwa inzuzo ngokuncishiswa kwempilo yezenhlalo kanye nempilo yezemvelo. Izilwane zikhuthazelela izimpilo zokuvalelwa, ukunganakwa, nokuhlupheka kulezi zinhlelo zezimboni, ngenkathi iplanethi ikhokha intengo ngokungcola kanye nokudangala kwezinsizakusebenza. Njengabathengi, ukukhetha kwethu kubambe amandla. Ngokuqonda izindleko ezifihliwe ngemuva kokudla kwethu, singathatha izinyathelo eziya emikhubeni yokudla okuthe xaxa futhi esimeme esibonisa ububele bezilwane futhi sinakekele imvelo yethu

Ukudalula iqiniso elibuhlungu ngemuva kwezinto zokwakha ezinomfashini kakhulu zemfashini, le ndatshana ivimba umonakalo onesihluku nowemvelo aboshwe ngoboya nokukhiqizwa kwesikhumba. Kude kakhulu nesithombe sabo sobukhazikhazi, lezi zimboni zincike ekubukeni kobuntu, ukuhlupheka kwezilwane, kanye nezinqubo ezinobuthi ezilimaza yomibili i-ecosystems nabasebenzi. Ngokuhlola ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha kanye nezixazululo ezizinzile, sigqamisa indlela izinqumo ezinolwazi zingaguqula ngayo ikusasa lemfashini libe munye onozwela nangomthwalo wemfanelo

Isidingo esikhulayo sokudla kwasolwandle siligqugquzele i-aquaculture embonini echumayo, kepha inhlala-kahle yezinhlanzi ezilimazeke ivame ukuhlala yanda kwande. Ihlanganiswe namathangi agcwele kakhulu ngokucebisa okulinganiselwe, lezi zilwane zibhekene nengcindezi, ukuqubuka kwezifo, kanye nempilo ehlehlisiwe. Lo mbhalo usikhanyisela ngesidingo esicindezelayo sezindinganiso ezingcono ekulimaleni kwezinhlanzi, uqokomisa izinselelo zemikhuba yamanje ngenkathi uhlola ezinye izindlela ezizinzileyo nezokuziphatha. Thola ukuthi izinketho ezinolwazi kanjani neziqondiso ezinamandla ezingasiza ekuguquleni i-waquaculture ibe umzamo onobuhlungu obuningi nomthwalo wemfanelo

Umkhakha we-Veal, ovame ukumbozwa ekusithekeni, uhlanganiswe kakhulu emkhakheni wobisi, wembula umjikelezo ofihliwe onesihluku oxhaswa yimisebenzi eminingi ngokungazi. Kusuka ekuhlukaniseni amathole aphoqelelwe kusuka komama bawo kuya ezimeni zobuntu kulezi zilwane ezincane zikhuthazela, ukukhiqizwa kwe-veal kuveza uhlangothi olumnyama lokulima izimboni. Lo mbhalo uvimba ukuxhumana okungaxakile phakathi kobisi nesendlalo, kukhanyisela izindlela ezifana nokuvalelwa ngokweqile, ukudla okungenangeyona, nokuhlukumezeka okungokomzwelo okwenziwe kuwo womabili amathole amathole kanye nabomama. Ngokuqonda lezi zinto ezingokoqobo kanye nokuhlola izindlela zokuziphatha, singaphonsela inselelo lolu hlelo lokuxhashazwa kanye nokukhuthaza ikusasa elinozwela ngokwengeziwe

Ukulima efektri kuyinkinga efihlekile ekhipha ukuhlupheka okukhulu ezilwaneni, ibaphathe njengezimpahla nje ekuphishekeleni okungapheli kwenzuzo. Ukusuka emakhejini ansundu kanye nezimo ezingezinhle zokungabonakali kwezinqubo ezibuhlungu ezenziwa ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia, le mikhuba ibeka phambili ukusebenza kahle. Lo mbhalo udalula amaqiniso abuhlungu ngemuva kokulima efektri, aqokomisa umthelela wawo kwinhlala-kahle yezilwane kanye nemvelo ngenkathi enikeza imininingwane ngezindlela zokuziphatha. Ngokufunda ngalezi zinkinga, singathatha izinyathelo ezinengqondo zokwakha ohlwini, uhlelo lokudla oluzinzile oluhlonipha zombili izilwane kanye nomhlaba wethu