I-Animal Sentience - Humane Foundation

Imizwa yezilwane iwukubona ukuthi izilwane aziyona nje imishini yebhayoloji, kodwa izidalwa eziphilayo ezikwaziyo ukuzizwisa izinto—zokuzwa injabulo, ukwesaba, ubuhlungu, injabulo, ilukuluku, ngisho nothando. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, isayensi isaqhubeka nokuveza ubufakazi bokuthi izilwane eziningi zinekhono eliyinkimbinkimbi lemizwa nelokuqonda: izingulube zibonisa amakhono okudlala nokuxazulula izinkinga, izinkukhu zakha izibopho zomphakathi futhi zixhumana namazwi angaphezu kuka-20 ahlukene, futhi izinkomo zikhumbula ubuso futhi zibonise izimpawu zokukhathazeka lapho zihlukaniswa namaphuphu azo. Lokhu okutholakele kubekela inselele imibono osekunesikhathi eside ikhona mayelana nemingcele yemizwa phakathi kwabantu nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane.
Naphezu kwalokhu kukhula kobufakazi, umphakathi usasebenza ngezinhlaka ezinganaki noma ezinciphisa umuzwa wezilwane. Izinhlelo zokulima zezimboni, ukuhlola kwaselabhorethri, kanye nezinhlobo zokuzijabulisa ngokuvamile zincika ekwenqabeni ukwazi kwezilwane ukuze kuthethelelwe imikhuba eyingozi. Lapho izilwane zibhekwa njengempahla engenamizwa, ukuhlupheka kwazo kuba kungabonakali, kujwayeleke, futhi ekugcineni kwamukelwe njengoba kudingeka. Lokhu kususwa akukhona nje ukwehluleka ukuziphatha—kuwukumelela kabi okuyisisekelo kwemvelo.
Kulesi sigaba, siyamenywa ukuthi sibone izilwane ngendlela ehlukile: hhayi njengezinsiza, kodwa njengabantu abanezimpilo zangaphakathi ezibalulekile. Ukubona imizwa kusho ukubhekana nemithelela yezimiso zokuziphatha zendlela esiphatha ngayo izilwane ekukhetheni kwethu kwansuku zonke—kusuka ekudleni esikudlayo kuye emikhiqizweni esiyithengayo, isayensi esiyisekelayo, kanye nemithetho esiyibekezelelayo. Kuwubizo lokwandisa umbuthano wethu wozwelo, ukuhlonipha amaqiniso angokomzwelo abanye abantu, kanye nokulungisa kabusha izinhlelo ezakhelwe ekungabini nandaba zibe yilezo ezigxile ekuzweleni nasekuhlonipheni.

Ukulima efektri sekuwumkhuba omningi, kuguqula indlela abantu abaxhumana ngayo nezilwane futhi bakha ubuhlobo bethu nabo ngezindlela ezijulile. Le ndlela yenyama ekhiqiza isisindo, ubisi kanye namaqanda aqala ukusebenza kahle futhi inzuzo enhlalakahleni yezilwane. Njengoba amapulazi efektri akhula kakhudlwana futhi athuthuke kakhulu, adala ukunqamula okuqinile phakathi kwabantu nezilwane esizidlayo. Ngokunciphisa izilwane ziye emikhiqizweni nje, ukulima efektri kuhlanekezela ukuqonda kwethu izilwane njengezinto ezifutho ezifanelwe inhlonipho nobubele. Lo mbhalo uhlola indlela ukulima kahle kwefekthri kuthinta kabi ukuxhumana kwethu nezilwane kanye nemiphumela ebanzi yokuziphatha kwalo mkhuba. Ukuqunjelwa kwezilwane emgogodleni wezolimo efektri kulele ukuqunjelwa kwezilwane. Kule micimbi yezimboni, izilwane ziphathwa njengezimpahla nje, ngokunakwa okuncane ngezidingo zabo noma okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo. Zivame ukuvalelwa ezikhaleni ezincane, ezigcwele kakhulu, lapho zenqatshelwa khona inkululeko yoku ...

Onogwaja ngokuvamile bayizilwane ezinempilo, ezikhuthele futhi ezihlala nabantu, kodwa njenganoma yisiphi isilwane esifuywayo, bangagula. Njengezilwane ezizingelayo, zivame ukufihla ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki kwazo, okwenza kube nzima kubanikazi ukusheshe babone ukugula. Ukwazi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zokugula konogwaja kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise inhlalakahle yesilwane sakho esifuywayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izimpawu ezithile ezimangazayo okufanele uzibheke, ezingakusiza ukuthi ubambe izinkinga zezempilo ngaphambi kokuba zibe zimbi. Onogwaja ngempela bayizidalwa zomkhuba, futhi ngisho nokuphambuka kancane ekuziphatheni kwabo okujwayelekile kungaba inkomba ebalulekile yezinkinga zempilo ezingaba khona. Njengoba onogwaja bevame ukufihla ukungakhululeki noma ukugula kwabo ngenxa yemvelo yabo njengezilwane ezizingelayo, kubalulekile ukunaka izinguquko ezicashile. Uma unogwaja wakho wenza "ukucisha" nganoma iyiphi indlela-kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukushintsha imikhuba yokudla, ukuziphatha, noma ukubukeka komzimba-kungaba uphawu lokuthi okuthile ...

Izilaha izindawo lapho izilwane zigaywa khona ukuze kutholwe inyama neminye imikhiqizo yezilwane. Yize abantu abaningi bengazi ngezinqubo ezinemininingwane nezobuchwepheshe ezenzeka ngaphakathi kwalezi zikhungo, kukhona amaqiniso abuhlungu ngemuva kwezigcawu athinta kakhulu izilwane ezihilelekile. Ngaphandle komthwalo ongokomzimba, osobala, izilwane ezilashelwa nazo zibhekana nokucindezeleka okujulile ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo, okuvame ukunganakwa. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo kwezilwane ezindlini zokulashelwa, sihlola ukuthi ukuziphatha kwazo nezimo zengqondo zazo kuthinteka kanjani kanye nemithelela ebanzi enhlalakahleni yezilwane. Izimo Ezingaphakathi Kwezindawo Zokuhlabela kanye Nomthelela Wazo Enhlalakahleni Yezilwane Izimo ezingaphakathi kwamadela zivame ukuhlukumeza futhi zingenabuntu, zibeka izilwane ochungechungeni lwezenzakalo olubi oluqala kudala ngaphambi kokuba zife ekugcineni. Lezi zinsiza, eziklanyelwe ukusebenza kahle kanye nokwenza inzuzo, zinesiphithiphithi, ziyaxaka, futhi zilulaza ubuntu, zidala indawo esabekayo yezilwane. Ukuvalelwa ngokomzimba kanye Nokunyakaza Okukhawulelwe…

Isikhathi eside kakhulu, insumansumane yokuthi izinhlanzi azinakukwazi ukuzwa izinhlungu zilungiselele isihluku esisakazekile ekudobeni nasezindaweni ezifuywayo. Kodwa-ke, ukufaka ubufakazi besayensi ekwakhekeni okuhluke ngokuphelele: Izinhlanzi zinezinhlaka zemizwa kanye nezimpendulo zokuziphatha ezidingekayo zokubhekana nobuhlungu, ukwesaba, kanye nosizi. Emisebenzini yokudoba yokudonswa kwezentengiselwano ehlukumeza ama-aquacauture ahlala isikhathi eside agcwele izingcindezi nezifo, izigidigidi zezinhlanzi zikhuthazelela ukulimala okungacabangeki unyaka nonyaka. Le ndatshana ingena kwisayensi ngemuva kokudunwa kwezinhlanzi, iveze amaphutha okuziphatha kwalezi zimboni, futhi inselele ukuthi siphinde sicabange ubuhlobo bethu nokuphila kwasemanzini okubeka phambili inhlala-kahle yezilwane ngokuxhashazwa kwezilwane ngokweqile

Izingulube sekuyisikhathi eside zihlotshaniswa nempilo yasepulazini, ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengezilwane ezingcolile, ezingahlakaniphile. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwakamuva luphonsela inselele lo mbono, luphakamisa ukuthi izingulube zingase zihlakaniphe kakhulu kunalokho esasikucabanga. Eqinisweni, izingulube zibonisa amakhono okuqonda aphikisana nalawo amanye ama-primates. Lesi sihloko sicubungula emhlabeni wokuqonda kwezingulube, sihlola ubufakazi obuveza izingulube njengezidalwa ezihlakaniphe kakhulu ezikwazi ukuziphatha okuyinkimbinkimbi nokuxazulula izinkinga. Ingabe izingulube zihlakaniphile? Impela, izingulube ziyizilwane ezihlakaniphile! Amashumi eminyaka ocwaningo nokubheka anikeze ubufakazi obuqinile bamakhono abo okuqonda amangalisayo. Izingulube aziyona nje inkimbinkimbi ngokomzwelo kodwa futhi ziyakwazi ukuzwa uhla lwemizwa efana neyomuntu, okuhlanganisa injabulo, injabulo, ukwesaba, nokukhathazeka. Ikhono labo lokwakha izinkumbulo liyamangalisa, futhi bangagcina ukwaziswa okubalulekile isikhathi eside. Lo mthamo wenkumbulo udlala indima ebalulekile ekuxazululeni izinkinga nasekuzivumelaniseni nezimo. Ngokwenhlalo, izingulube zikhombisa okuthuthukile…

Ukulima ifektri kubusa ukukhiqizwa kokudla komhlaba wonke, kepha kungalokothi kunqabe ngokuhlelekile ngokudumisa izilwane - izidalwa ezikwazi imizwa, ubuhlungu, kanye nezibopho zenhlalo. Izingulube Ukuxazulula Izinkinga, Izinkomo Ezidabukisa Amathole Azo, Futhi Izinkukhu Ezibonisa Ukubona Okuphawuleka zincishisiwe ezintweni eziphawulwa ukweqa ngokweqile, kanye nemikhuba yokubulala ecindezelayo. Lokhu kubhekwa kokuziphatha okuhle kuthuthukisa ukuhlupheka okukhulu ngenkathi kuphakamisa imibuzo ejulile ngokuziphatha ngokuphathwa kobuntu impilo enobuntu. Ngokubona ukuthuthulwa kwezilwane kanye nokwamukela ezinye izindlela ezinjengokudla okususelwa kwizitshalo noma inyama etshaliwe, singakuphonsela inselelo lolu hlelo lokuxhaphaza futhi lukhuthaze indlela yokuxhasa ngokukhiqiza ukudla

Ukulima kwasefekthri, uhlelo olwakhelwe ukusebenza kahle kakhulu, seluphendule ukufuywa kwezingulube kube inqubo evame ukunganaki inhlalakahle yezilwane. Ngemva kweminyango evaliwe yale misebenzi kukhona iqiniso elibuhlungu lonya nokuhlupheka. Izingulube, izilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu kanye nezenhlalo, zenziwa imikhuba engenabuntu ebeka phambili inzuzo ngaphezu kwenhlalakahle yazo. Lapha, sidalula ezinye zezimo ezishaqisayo kanye nokwelashwa kwezingulube ezifuywayo ezibekezelela emapulazini emboni. Ukuvalelwa Okuminyene: Ukuphila Okunganyakazi Nokuhlupheka Esinye sezici eziphazamisa kakhulu ekufuyweni kwezingulube ukuvalelwa kwezingulube ezinsikazi, noma ezizalela izingulube, emabhokisini okumitha—izindawo ezivalekile zensimbi ezibonisa ukusebenza kahle konya kokulima efekthri. Lawa makhreyithi awamakhudlwana kunezingulube ngokwazo, ngokuvamile anobubanzi obungamafidi angu-2 kuphela namafidi angu-7 ubude, okwenza kube nzima ngokomzimba ukuthi izilwane zijike, zelule, noma zilale ngokukhululeka. Izinsikazi zichitha cishe impilo yazo yonke ...

Ukudoba kuvame ukubonwa njengokwenziwa kwengqondo okunokuthula noma umthombo obalulekile wokudla, kepha umthelela waso eMarine Welfare utshela izindaba ezihlukile. Zombili izindlela zokudoba zokuzijabulisa nezentengiselwano zibheka izinhlanzi kanye nezinye izilwane zasemanzini ekucindezelekeni okukhulu, ukulimala nokuhlupheka. Ukusuka enyameni efihlekile yezindlela zokubamba nokukhishwa ekubhujisweni okukhulu okubangelwa ukugoqa, le misebenzi ayilimazi kuphela izinhlobo zezilwane ezihlosiwe kodwa futhi ingenakubalwa abanye nge-bycatch negiya elahliwe. Lo mbhalo uvimba ukukhathazeka ngokuziphatha okuboshelwe ekudobeni ngenkathi kugqamisa ezinye izindlela ezi-Humane zivikela impilo yasolwandle futhi zikhuthaza ukuhlangana nemvelo

Izinhlanzi ziyizidalwa ezifunwa zikwazi ukuzwa izinhlungu, iqiniso liyaqhubeka liqinisekiswe ubufakazi besayensi bokuthi basuse izinkolelo eziphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izimboni zasemanzini nasezindlandla zasolwandle zivame ukungakunaki ukuhlupheka kwazo. Kusuka emapulazini ezinhlanzi axutshwe nezindlela zokubulala ngesihluku, izinhlanzi ezingenakubalwa zikhuthazelela usizi olukhulu nokulimaza impilo yazo yonke. Lo mbhalo wembula amaqiniso angemva kokudla kwasolwandle - ukuhlola isayensi yokuqonda izinhlanzi, izinselelo zokuziphatha zezenzo zokulima ezijulile, kanye nemiphumela yezemvelo eboshelwe kulezi zimboni. Icela abafundi ukuthi baphinde bacabange izinqumo zabo kanye no-Advocate ukuthola izindlela eziningi ezinobuntu nezizinzile empilweni yamanzi

Izigidi zezidalwa zasolwandle zibhajwe emjikelezweni wokuhlupheka embonini eyandayo ye-aquaciulture, lapho izimo eziningi kakhulu futhi zinganaki inhlala-kahle yazo. Njengoba ukufunwa kwasolwandle kukhula, izindleko ezifihliwe - izinkinga zokuziphatha okuhle, ukonakaliswa kwemvelo kanye nemithelela yezenhlalo - ziya ngokuya zibonakalayo. Lo mbhalo usikhanyisela ngokoqobo okunzima okubhekene nempilo yasolwandle engozini, kusuka ezindabeni zempilo yomzimba ekucindezelekeni kwengqondo, ngenkathi kufonela ushintsho olunenjongo ukudala i-aquaculture futhi eqhubekayo ye-aquaculture