Ukubona izilwane ezinhlanhlathayo zizulazula emigwaqweni noma ezidumele ezindaweni zokukhosela kuyisikhumbuzo esidabukisayo senkinga ekhulayo: ukungabi nakhaya phakathi kwezilwane. Izigidi zamakati, izinja, nezinye izilwane emhlabeni wonke azihlali phakade, zisengozini yendlala, izifo, nokuhlukunyezwa. Ukuqonda izimbangela zale nkinga nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuyixazulula kungenza umehluko omkhulu.
Kuyo yonke inja noma ikati elinenhlanhla elijabulela ukufudumala kwekhaya elinethezekile nothando olungenamibandela lomnakekeli ongumuntu ozinikele, kunabanye abangenakubalwa ukuphila kwabo okuphawuleka ngobunzima, ukunganakwa, nokuhlupheka. Lezi zilwane zibhekana nezinselele ongazicabangeli, zizabalazela ukuphila emigwaqweni noma ukubekezelela ukuphathwa kabi ezandleni zabantu abangafaneleki, abampofu, abakhungathekile, abangenandaba, noma abahlukumezayo. Abaningi bacwila ezindaweni zokukhosela izilwane eziminyene, benethemba lokuthi usuku luyoze bathole ikhaya elinothando.
Izinja, ezivame ukudunyiswa “njengomngane omkhulu womuntu,” ngokuvamile zibhekana nokuphila kokuhlushwa. Abaningi baboshelwe ngamaketanga asindayo, bagwetshelwe ukuhlala ngaphandle ekushiseni okushisayo, amakhaza ashubisa umnkantsha, nemvula enamandla. Ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele noma ubungane, bayahlupheka ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo, bephucwa inkululeko nothando abalulangazelelayo. Ezinye izinja zihlangabezana neziphetho ezibuhlungu nakakhulu emasongweni okulwa nezinja ezinonya, lapho ziphoqeleka khona ukuthi zilwe ukuze ziphile, zibekezelela ukulimala okunyantisayo futhi ngokuvamile zifa ngenxa yale mikhuba yobuqaba.
Amakati wona abhekana nesethi yawo yezinselelo ezidabukisayo. Labo abashiywe bezulazula bengagadiwe noma befulathele izindawo zokukhosela “okungabulali” babhekana nonya olungenakucatshangwa. Amakati angaphandle adliswe ushevu, adutshulwa, ashiswa, noma avaleleka futhi aminziswa abantu abangenaluzwela abawabona njengenkathazo kunokuba aphile. Amakati ase-Feral, ekufuneni kwawo ukufudumala ngezinsuku zasebusika ezibandayo, ngezinye izikhathi agaqa ngaphansi kwezivalo zezimoto noma emachwebeni enjini, lapho alimala khona kabi noma abulawe ama-fan blade. Ngisho namakati afuywayo awasindi ekuhluphekeni; ukuhlinza okudabukisayo okubuhlungu nokubuhlungu—okuvinjelwe ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba—kubaphuca izivikelo zabo zemvelo, okubashiye besengozini yokulimala nobuhlungu obungapheli.
Izinyoni, ezivame ukutuswa ngenxa yobuhle nokucula kwazo, zibekezelela uhlobo lwazo lokuthunjwa. Njengoba bevalelwe ngaphakathi kwamakheji, abaningi baba nemizwa ngenxa yokucindezeleka okungapheli kokuvalelwa, umoya wabo onamandla othungathwa ukungabikho kwenkululeko. Ngokufanayo, izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane ezincane, ezithengiswa “njengezilwane ezifuywayo,” ngokuvamile azinakwa abantu abanezisusa ezinhle abangenalo ulwazi noma izinsiza zokuzinakekela ngendlela efanele. Lezi zilwane, naphezu kobukhulu bazo obuncane, zihlupheka ngokuthula, izidingo zabo kanye nenhlalakahle yabo ayinakwa.
Usizi alugcini lapho. Abaqaphi, beqhutshwa impoqo noma izinhloso ezingalungile, baqoqa izilwane ngamanani amangalisayo, bedala izindawo zesihogo zokungcola nokubi. Lezi zilwane, ezivaleleke ngaphansi kwezimo eziminyene nezingahlanzekile, zivame ukuntula ukudla, amanzi nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, okuzishiya zifa kancane kancane futhi kabuhlungu.
Leli qiniso elibuhlungu ligcizelela isidingo esiphuthumayo sobubele, imfundo, nokwenza. Wonke umuntu ophilayo ufanelwe ukuhlonishwa, ukunakekelwa, nethuba lokuphila ngaphandle kokulimala. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokumela imithetho eqinile, ukusekela izinhlelo ze-spaying kanye neutering, noma ngokumane ukusabalalisa ukuqwashisa, sonke sinamandla okwenza umehluko ezimpilweni zalezi zilwane ezisengozini. Kuphela ngomzamo ohlangene lapho singathemba ukunqamula lo mjikelezo wokuhlupheka futhi siqinisekise ikusasa eliqhakazile lazo zonke izilwane.
Kungani Kunezilwane Eziningi Ezingafunwa Nezingenamakhaya?
Iqiniso elidabukisayo lezilwane ezingenamakhaya yinkinga yomhlaba wonke esekelwe ekuziphatheni kwabantu, ezimweni zengqondo, nasekuhlulekeni kwesistimu. Naphezu kokuqwashisa okwandayo, inkinga yokugcwala kwezilwane isaqhubeka ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi basathenga izilwane kubafuyi noma ezitolo zezilwane, besekela ngokungazi izigayo zamakati nemidlwane—izimboni ezibeka inzuzo kuqala kunenhlalakahle yezilwane. Lezi zigayo zidume kabi ngesimo sazo esingenabuntu, lapho izilwane zithathwa njengempahla kunokuba zithathwe njengezinto eziphilayo. Ngokukhetha ukuthenga esikhundleni sokuthatha izingane, abantu ngabanye baqhubekisela phambili umjikelezo wokungabi nakhaya ezigidini zezilwane ezilinde ezindaweni zokukhosela ukuze zithole ithuba lokuphila okungcono.
Isici esibalulekile esinomthelela kule nkinga ukwehluleka kwabanikazi abaningi bezilwane ezifuywayo ukupha noma ukungazihlinzeki izilwane zabo. Lapho izinja namakati zishiywa zingashintshiwe, zizalana kakhulu, zidale udoti ovame ukweqa umthamo wezindlu ezinomthwalo wemfanelo. Ngokwesibonelo, ikati elilodwa elingakhokhelwa, lingazala amazinyane amaningi ekuphileni kwalo, futhi eziningi zalezi zingane zizoqhubeka zibe nodoti. Lokhu kuzalana okunamandla kwandisa inkinga yokugcwala ngokweqile kwabantu, kube nemiphumela elimazayo ezilwaneni nasemiphakathini ngokufanayo.
Minyaka yonke e-US kuphela, ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-6 ezilahlekile, ezilahliwe, noma ezingafunwa—kuhlanganise nezinja, amakati, onogwaja, ngisho nezilwane ezifuywayo ezingavamile—zizithola zisezindlini zokukhosela. Ngokudabukisayo, eziningi zalezi zindawo zokukhosela zigcwele ngokweqile futhi azinayo imali encane, zilwela ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele. Nakuba ezinye izilwane zamukelwa ezindlini ezinothando, izigidi ziyakhuthazeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwendawo, izinsiza, noma inzalo evela kubantu abangaba izingane. Isimo sibi ngendlela efanayo nakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, lapho izinhlelo zokukhosela zingathuthukisiwe nakakhulu, zishiya izilwane ezingenamakhaya zizimele emigwaqweni.
Izinga eliphelele lenhlekelele yokugcwala ngokweqile komngane wesilwane lingazwakala likhungathekisa. Nokho, ukubhekana nakho kuqala ngokuzibophezela ekwakheni “isizwe esingazalwa.” Ngokubeka eqhulwini izinhlelo ezisabalele zokuspayina kanye ne-neutering, singanciphisa kakhulu inani lezilwane ezingafunwa ezingena emhlabeni. Ukukhipha isisu kanye ne-neutering akuvimbi nje ukugcwala ngokweqile kodwa futhi kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi zezempilo nezokuziphatha ezifuywayo, njengokunciphisa ubungozi bomdlavuza othile kanye nokunciphisa ukuthambekela okunolaka.
Imfundo ingenye ingxenye ebalulekile yokuxazulula le nkinga. Abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo abaningi abakwazi ukubaluleka kokubulala amagciwane ezilwaneni zabo noma umthelela wokuthenga izilwane ezifuywayo esikhundleni sokuzamukela. Izinhlelo zokufinyelela emphakathini, imikhankaso yezikole, nezimemezelo zensizakalo yomphakathi kungasiza ukushintsha isimo sengqondo somphakathi, kugcizelele ukubaluleka kokutholwa kanye nobunikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo ngendlela efanele.
Umthetho onamandla nawo ubalulekile ukuze kuliwe nezimbangela zokugcwala ngokweqile kwabantu. Imithetho egunyaza ukuzala kanye nokuzalanisa, elawula izindlela zokuzalanisa, kanye nokugawula izigayo zamakati namakati ingasiza ukunqanda ukuthutheleka kwezilwane ezingenamakhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohulumeni nezinhlangano kumele basebenzisane ukuze baxhase ngezimali izinhlelo zokuvala inzalo ezibiza izindleko eziphansi noma zamahhala, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imigoqo yezezimali ayivimbeli abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo ekuthatheni lesi sinyathelo esibalulekile.
Ekugcineni, ukuxazulula inkinga yokugcwala ngokweqile kwezilwane kudinga isinyathelo esihlangene. Abantu bangenza umehluko ngokuthatha indawo yokukhosela, ukukhulisa izilwane ezidinga usizo, nokusabalalisa ukuqwashisa ngokubaluleka kokuspayiza kanye nokubulala izinambuzane. Ngozwelo, imfundo, nokuzibophezela ekushintsheni, singasondela emhlabeni lapho zonke izilwane zinekhaya elinothando nempilo engenakho ukuhlupheka. Ngokubambisana, singawunqamula umjikelezo futhi siqinisekise ukuthi asikho isilwane esisala ngemuva.
Unya Abangane Bezilwane Ababhekana Nalo
Nakuba abanye abangabangane bezilwane abanenhlanhla baziswa njengamalungu omkhaya athandwayo, abanye abaningi bakhuthazelela ukuphila okugcwele ubuhlungu obungacabangeki, ukunganakwa, nokuphathwa kabi. Kulezi zilwane, isithembiso sobungane simbozwe amaqiniso abuhlungu okuhlukunyezwa nokunganaki. Nakuba izinhlobo ezithile zonya kwezilwane zinqatshelwe umthetho, imikhuba eminingi ehlukumezayo isavunyelwa ngokomthetho noma ishaywa indiva ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuntuleka kwesivikelo kushiya izigidi zezilwane zisengozini yokuhlupheka, ngokuvamile ezandleni zalabo okufanele bazinakekele.
Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu nezidabukisayo zesihluku ukuvalelwa kwezilwane ngokuqhubekayo. Ezindaweni eziningi, ayikho imithetho evimbela abantu ukuthi babophe izinja zabo ngamaketanga ezigxotsheni noma ezihlahleni izinsuku, amasonto, noma ngisho nokuphila kwabo konke. Lezi zilwane zishiywa zichayeke ekushiseni okushisayo, amazinga okushisa ashubisa umnkantsha, imvula, neqhwa, zingenayo indawo yokukhosela. Njengoba bephucwa ubungane, ukuvivinya umzimba, nokunakekelwa okufanele, ngokuvamile bahlushwa ukungondleki kahle, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, nokucindezeleka okukhulu okungokomzwelo. Amaketanga abo avame ukungena esikhumbeni sabo, okubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nezifo, kuyilapho ukuhlukaniswa kwabo kungaholela ekuziphatheni okunezinzwa noma ukuvala imizwelo ngokuphelele.
Ukucwiywa kwezitho ukuze kuzuze abantu kungelinye iqiniso elinonya izilwane eziningi ezibhekene nazo. Kwezinye izimo, izingxenye zezinzwane, izindlebe, noma imisila ziyanqunywa, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokubulala izinzwa okufanele noma ukuphathwa kobuhlungu. Lezi zinqubo, njengokumisa umsila noma ukunqampuna indlebe ezinjeni, zenziwa ngenxa yezizathu zobuhle kuphela noma amasiko aphelelwe yisikhathi, okubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokulimala kwesikhathi eside ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Ngokufanayo, ezinye izilwane zibizwa ngokuthi, inqubo ehilela ukunqanyulwa kwelunga lokugcina lozwane ngalunye, lusale lungakwazi ukuzivikela futhi lusezinhlungwini ezingapheli. Naphezu kokuhlupheka okungadingekile okubangelwa yilezi zinqubo, zisaqhutshwa futhi zenziwa ngendlela evamile ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba.
Ngisho namakholomu ahloselwe “ukuqeqesha” izilwane angaba amathuluzi onya. Amakholomu ashaqisayo, isibonelo, aletha ukushaqiswa kukagesi okubuhlungu ezinjeni njengesijeziso sokuziphatha okuvamile njengokukhonkotha noma ukuhlola indawo ezizungezile. Lawa madivaysi angabangela ukwesaba, ukukhathazeka, nokuhlukunyezwa kwengqondo, ukufundisa izilwane ukuhlobanisa izenzo zansuku zonke nobuhlungu kunokuba isiqondiso. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, amakholomu okushaqeka angangasebenzi kahle noma asetshenziswe ngokweqile, okuholela ekushiseni noma ekulimaleni unomphela.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu kuhlukumeza okuqondile, ukunganaki kuwuhlobo lonya olucashile noludlangile. Izilwane ezifuywayo eziningi zishiywa zodwa isikhathi eside, zivalelwe emakhejini amancane noma emakamelweni angenakho ukudla okwanele, amanzi, noma isikhuthazo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zilwane ziba nezinkinga ezinzima zezempilo, okuhlanganisa ukukhuluphala, ukuwohloka kwemisipha, nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha. Ukunganakwa ngokomzwelo kulimaza ngokufanayo, njengoba izilwane ziyizidalwa zomphakathi ezilangazelela uthando, ukuxhumana, nomuzwa wokulondeka.
Ukuntuleka kokuvikelwa kwezomthetho okuphelele kwenza lezi zindaba zibe zimbi nakakhulu. Nakuba ezinye izifunda zenze intuthuko ekuthuthukiseni imithetho yenhlalakahle yezilwane, izindawo eziningi zisahluleka ukuqaphela izilwane njengezidalwa ezizwelayo ezifanelwe amalungelo. Kunalokho, zivame ukubhekwa njengempahla, okwenza kube nzima ukubeka abahlukumezi icala. Ama-ejensi okuqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa komthetho avame ukuqeqeshwa kancane noma ukuxhaswa kancane, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni okungahambisani kwemithetho ekhona yonya kwezilwane.
Unya alugcini ekuhlukunyezweni nasekunganakeni; idlulela ezimbonini nasezinkambisweni ezixhaphaza izilwane ukuze zizuze. Izigayo zomdlwane, ngokwesibonelo, zigcina zizalela izilwane endaweni engcolile, ezimweni eziminyene, zibeka inani elikhulu kunezinga lempilo. Lezi zilwane zivame ukubekezelela iminyaka yokuhlupheka, zikhiqiza udoti ngemva kodoti, kuze kube yilapho zingasenanzuzo futhi zilahlwa. Ngokufanayo, izilwane ezifuywayo ezingavamile njengezinyoni, izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinhlanzi zithengiswa kubanikazi abangazilungiselele abavame ukuntula ulwazi noma izinsiza zokuzinakekela ngendlela efanele, okuholela ekunganakeni okusakazekile nokufa kusenesikhathi.
Ukubhekana nalesi sihluku kudinga kokubili ushintsho lwesistimu kanye nesibopho somuntu ngamunye. Imithetho eqinile ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izilwane zithola isivikelo esizifanele, futhi nezijeziso eziqinile kufanele ziphoqelelwe ukuze kunqandwe ukuhlukunyezwa. Imikhankaso yokufundisa umphakathi ingasiza ekuqwashiseni ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezilwane futhi inqande imikhuba eyingozi njengokumisa umsila, ukunqampuna indlebe, noma ukusetshenziswa kwamakholomu othusayo.
Ezingeni lomuntu siqu, ububele bungenza umehluko omkhulu. Ngokwamukela izilwane ezindaweni zokukhosela esikhundleni sokuzithenga kubafuyi noma ezitolo zezilwane, abantu ngabanye bangasiza ekulweni nomjikelezo wokuxhashazwa nokunganakwa. Izinhlangano ezisekelayo ezihlenga futhi zilungise izilwane ezihlukunyeziwe, amavolontiya ezindaweni zokukhosela, kanye nokubika amacala okusolakala onya zonke kuyizindlela zokudala umhlaba ophephile nonomusa kubangane bezilwane.
Izilwane zicebisa ukuphila kwethu ngokwethembeka kwazo, uthando, nobungane. Ngokufanayo, bafanelwe ukuphathwa ngenhlonipho, ukunakekelwa, nomusa. Ngokubambisana, singasebenzela ukuqeda ukuhlupheka ababhekene nakho futhi siqinisekise ukuthi wonke umuntu ohamba naye ezilwaneni unethuba lokuphila okugcwele injabulo nothando.
Ungasiza Amakati, Izinja, nabanye Abangane Bezilwane Namuhla
Izinja, amakati, nezinye izilwane ezizwelayo akuzona izinto noma impahla—zingabantu abanemizwelo, izidingo, nobuntu obuhlukile. Ukubona ukubaluleka kwawo kwangaphakathi kusho ukucabanga kabusha indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nesibanakekela ngayo. Enye yezindlela ezinomthelela omkhulu wokuhlonipha ukubaluleka kwazo ukwenqaba ukusekela izimboni eziphatha izilwane njengempahla. Lokho kusho ukuthi ungalokothi uthenge izilwane ezitolo zezilwane, amawebhusayithi, noma abafuyi, njengoba ukwenza kanjalo kukhuthaza umjikelezo wokuxhashazwa nokugcwala ngokweqile.
