Yize ukuzingela kwakuyingxenye ebalulekile yokusinda komuntu, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni eyi-100,000 edlule lapho abantu bokuqala bethembele ekuzingeleni ukudla, indima yayo namuhla ihluke kakhulu. Emphakathini wanamuhla, ukuzingela kuye kwaba umsebenzi wokuzilibazisa onobudlova kunokuba kube nesidingo sokuthola ukondla. Ukuze iningi labazingeli, akuseyona indlela yokusinda kepha uhlobo lokuzijabulisa oluvame ukubandakanya ukulimala okungadingekile ezilwaneni. Izisusa ezingemva kwesimanje ukuzingela ngokuvamile ziqhutshwa injabulo yomuntu siqu, ukuphishekela izindondo, noma isifiso sokubamba iqhaza esikweni elidala iminyaka yobudala, esikhundleni sokudla.
Eqinisweni, ukuzingela kuye kwaba nemiphumela emibi kubantu bezilwane emhlabeni wonke. Kube nomthelela omkhulu ekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ngezibonelo eziphawuleka kakhulu kufaka phakathi ihlosi laseTasmanian kanye ne-AUK enkulu, abantu bakaBantu ababenqunyelwe yimikhuba yokuzingela. Lokhu kuqothuka okubuhlungu kuzikhumbuzo ezinkulu zomthelela owonakalisayo ukuthi ukuzingela kwabantu kube nakho ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zeplanethi.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi cishe amaphesenti ama-4 abantu baseMelika, noma abantu abayizigidi eziyi-14,4, umkhuba usavunyelwa kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi ezivikelwe, kufaka phakathi izimbotshana zezilwane zasendle, amahlathi asesizwemeni, kanye namapaki omphakathi, kanye namanye amazwe omphakathi . Lesi sibonelelo sokuzingela ezikhaleni zomphakathi siyakhathaza, sinikezwe imiphumela emibi enayo ngezilwane zasendle kanye nemvelo yemvelo. Unyaka nonyaka, cishe amaphesenti angama-35 abazingeli bahlosile futhi bavame ukubulala noma balimaza izigidi zezilwane ezweni lomphakathi, kanti ngenkathi lesi sibalo simelela ukuzingela okungokomthetho, kuvunywa kabanzi ukuthi ukuzingela kukhulisa inkinga. Abazingeli, abasebenza ngokungemthetho, balinganiselwa ukuthi babulala abaningi nje, uma kungenjalo, izilwane njengabazingeli abanamalayisense, banikela ekusongelweni okuqhubekayo kubantu basendle.
Ukuqhubeka kokuzingela kulezi zindawo kuphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekile yokuziphatha. Ingabe imisebenzi enjalo, efaka isandla ekuhluphekeni nasekwenqaneni kwabantu bezilwane, isavunyelwe emazweni asenzelwe ukuvikela imvelo? Iqiniso ukuthi ukuzingela, kanye okubalulekile ukuze usinde, uvele waba umkhuba oyingozi futhi ongadingekile owuthinta kabi izilwane zasendle kanye nokulinganisela okubucayi kwemvelo.
Ukuhlupheka okungabonakali: Ubuhlungu obufihliwe bezilwane ezilimele ekuzingeleni
Ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka kuvame ukuba yimiphumela engeyigciwane yezilwane ezidutshulwa ngabazingeli kodwa ingabulawa masinyane. Izilwane eziningi zikhuthazelela ukushona isikhathi eside, ezibuhlungu ngenxa yokulimazeka futhi kushiywe ngabazingeli abahluleka ukuzibuyisa. Isibonelo, isifundo esibandakanya inyamazane esinomsakazo esimhlophe somsakazo esinama-80 siveze ukuthi izinyamazane ezingama-22 zadutshulwa ngemishini yendabuko yendabuko, kodwa eziyi-11 zazo zalimala ngaphandle kokubulawa. Lezi zilwane azizange zithole isihe sokufa okusheshayo futhi kunalokho kwahlushwa ukulimala kwazo isikhathi eside. Ngeshwa, eziningi zalezi zilwane ezilimele azitholwa noma zasiza, futhi ukulimala kwabo kuyaqhubeka kubadala ubuhlungu obukhulu nosizi njengoba bezama ukusinda endle.
Lokhu kuhlupheka okuhlala isikhathi eside akusona isikhathi sokungabili. Eqinisweni, kuyinkinga ebanzi ethinta izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo. Isibonelo, izimpungushe, zinethuba eliphakeme kakhulu lokushiywa ngabazingeli. Amaphesenti angama-20 ama-Foxes angama-20 adutshulwa abazingeli ashiywe alimale adutshulwe futhi adutshulwe, akhulisa futhi ukuhlupheka kwawo. Ngokwesisekelo, cishe amaphesenti ayishumi alezi zimpungushe akwazile ukubalekela ukulimala kwawo, kodwa iningi, umphumela awusizi. Abaningi balabo abasindile babhekana nekusasa elibuhlungu: indlala. Ngokusho kwabadokotela bezilwane, amanxeba adonswe ngokuzingela ngokuvamile enza ukuthi lezi zilwane zizingele noma zidlale ukudla ngempumelelo, zibashiye zibe sengozini yokubulawa yindlala nokufa kancane.
Lezi zibonelo zibonisa iqiniso elinonya elibhekene nezilwane eziningi eziba izisulu zokuzingela. Ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka okubangelwa izingozi zokuzingela kuvame ukunganakwa, njengoba abazingeli bangase bangazi imiphumela emide yezenzo zabo. Noma ezinye izilwane zingabulawa masinyane, okuhlangenwe nakho kwazo kobuhlungu, usizi, nokufa ekugcineni kufanele kube yisikhumbuzo esimnandi sokuhlukumeza okungokwemvelo kokuzingela njengomsebenzi wokuzilibazisa. Ukuhlupheka okubekezelelwa yilezi zilwane akusona nje umzuzu omfushane wokucindezeleka; Ingangezelela izinsuku noma amasonto ngaphambi kokuba isilwane sigcine sinqotshwe ukulimala kwaso, ikusasa elingadingekile futhi elibuhlungu.
Ibhalansi Ephelele Yemvelo: Kungani Ukuzingela Kuphazamisa Ukuvumelana Kwe-Ecosystem
Imvelo ithuthukise amasistimu ayo ukuze alondoloze ukulinganisela kwemvelo ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-Millennia. Zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, ezivela ezihlaseli ziye ekuphangeni, zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impilo yemvelo. Izinyamazane, ngokwesibonelo, ngokwemvelo zinciphise abagulayo, obuthakathaka, noma asebekhulile abavela kubantu abahlaziywa, ngaleyo ndlela baqinise ichibi lezinhlobo zalezo zinhlobo. Le nqubo yemvelo ivumela abantu abaningi ukuba bahlale baqinile futhi bakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo eziguqukayo. Lapho kushiywa kungaphazamiseki, imvelo ingachuma futhi ikwazi ukuzilawula ekulinganiseni okuvumelanayo okusekela ukusinda kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane.
Ukuzingela, noma kunjalo, kuphazamisa lokhu kulinganisela okubucayi. Esikhundleni sokugxila kubantu abagulayo noma obuthakathaka, abazingeli bavame ukukhomba izilwane eziqine kakhulu, ezinekhono kakhulu - lezo ezingaba nomthelela empilweni nasekubusweni okuphelele kwezinhlobo zabo. Ngokususa laba bantu kubantu babantu, ukuzingela kwabukela phansi inqubo yemvelo yokukhetha futhi yenza buthaka ichibi le-gene, okwenza izinhlobo zibe sengozini enkulu yezifo kanye nezinguquko zemvelo. Imiphumela yokuphazamiseka okunjalo ingalimaza, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwabantu futhi ngisho nokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo ezithile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho imicimbi yemvelo ibangela ukweqiwa, imvelo inezindlela zayo zokulawula izinombolo. Ukweqiwa kungaholela ekusweleni kokudla, okubangela indlala, noma kungaholela ekusakazweni kwezifo. Ngenkathi lokhu kwenzeka kungaba nzima, kuyindlela yemvelo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane ezinempilo kakhulu ezisinda, ngaleyo ndlela ziqinisa inani labantu bonke. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuphazanyiswa kwabantu ngokuzingela kuqeda inqubo yemvelo yokulawula inani labantu, imvamisa isusa abantu abanempilo ngaphandle kokuthola umthelela wesikhathi eside ezinhlotsheni nasendaweni yemvelo.
Okunye ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngokuzingela ukwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezingezona zendabuko ngokuthi "Game" izilwane. Lezi zinhlobo ezixakile, ezethulwe ngenhloso yokuzingela, zingaphunyuka endle futhi zibeke izinsongo ezinkulu ezindlebeni zendabuko. Zingaphazamisa amaketanga okudla, akhipha izinhlobo zendabuko zendabuko zezinsizakusebenza, futhi angenise izifo lapho izinhlobo zendabuko zingabi khona. Umphumela uba nomthelela omkhulu futhi ohlala njalo ku-Ecosystem yendabuko, esongela ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nempilo yemvelo.
Ekugcineni, lapho abantu bephazamisa ukuhleleka kwemvelo ngokuzingela, bayazibeka engcupheni yokubukela phansi lezo zinhlelo ezivele zavela ukuze zilondoloze ukulinganisela futhi zisekele impilo emhlabeni. Isixazululo silele ekuhlonipheni izinqubo zemvelo futhi sivumela izilwane zasendle ukuba zichume ngaphandle komthelela olimazayo wokungenelela komuntu ngokungadingekile.
Isihluku esinsundu: iqiniso elinobuntu bokuzingela inzuzo yokuzingela
Ukuzingela okusemakheni, umkhuba owenzeka kakhulu emazweni azimele, ungenye yezindlela eziphazamisa kakhulu zokuxhashazwa kwezilwane. Lezi zindawo zokuzingela inzuzo yenzuzo, noma ama-ranches wegeyimu, zivame ukudala ngqo inhloso yokunikeza abazingeli abacebile ithuba lokubulala izilwane zezemidlalo. Ngokungafani nokuzingela kwendabuko, lapho izilwane zizulazula ngokukhululeka endle, izingela ezikheniwe zihlelwe ezindaweni ezilawulwa ezilawulwayo, lapho izilwane zingenalo ithuba lokuphunyuka noma lokugwema abazingeli.
Ekuzingeleni ekheniwe, izilwane - imvamisa izinhlobo zendabuko noma izilwane ezixakile - ziboshelwe endaweni encane yomhlaba, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nokufakwa ngaphakathi, okwenza kube cishe kungenakwenzeka ngabo ukuba baphunyuke. Izilwane zivame ukukhiqizwa ngenhloso yokuzingelwa, futhi inqubo yonke yakhelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzingeli uyaphumelela. Lokhu ukuzingela kuvame ukuthuthukiswa njengendlela yokuzingela "kwezemidlalo", kepha kukhona ngaphandle kwezemidlalo. Esikhundleni salokho, bangukubulala okulula, okuqinisekisiwe komzingeli, nokufa okunonya nokungadingekile kwesilwane.
Izilwane ezisetshenziswa ekuzingelweni kwamakheminze zivame ukuphathwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi ngaphambi kokuba zizingelwe. Abaningi bakhulela ekudingisweni, bancishwa izindlela zokuziphatha zemvelo, futhi baphathwe njengezimpahla kunokuba baphile, izidalwa ezizwayo. Isipiliyoni sihlukumeza izilwane, ezivame ukucindezelwa, zingondleki futhi ziphathwa ngonya ekuholeni ekufeni kwabo. Uma nje wabulawa, abazingeli bathathe iziqubulo zezilwane - njengamakhanda abo, izikhumba, noma izimpondo, beqhubeka nokulimaza izilwane futhi bezinciphisa ezindongeni nje.
Umkhuba wokuzingela amakhemikhali uqine kakhulu ngoba kuvame ukufaka ukubulawa kwezinhlobo ezisengozini noma ezisongelwayo. Isifiso sokubulala lezi zilwane ezingavamile siqhutshwa ngesimo esiphakeme futhi udumo oluhambisana nokuzingela izidalwa ezinjalo, futhi izilwane zivame ukulethwa kulezi zimo ngokudla noma ukuncishiswa kokudla namanzi. Iqiniso lokuthi abazingeli bakhokha imali enkulu ukuze babulale lezi zilwane kuphela zenyusa umjikelezo onesihluku sokuxhashazwa kanye nonya oluqhutshwa inzuzo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezisetshenziswa kulezi zingelo akuzona nje izisulu zokulimala okuqondile; Baphinde badlale ingxenye ekuwohlokeni kwawo wonke ama-ecosystems. Ukususa lezi zilwane ezindaweni zabo zemvelo kuphazamisa abantu basekhaya zasendle futhi kungaholela ekulimaleni okulimaza i-ecosystem ebanzi.
Ngamafuphi, ukuzingela okusemakheni kufanekisela uhlobo lokugcina lwesihluku sezilwane - lapho ukuzingela kungasasebenzi ngekhono noma ukusinda, kepha kubulawa izilwane ezihlekisayo, eziqhutshwa inzuzo, eziqhutshwa inzuzo zezilwane ezingenalo ithuba lokuba nabazingeli abahlomile. Lo mkhuba yindlela eyenyanyekayo yokuxhashazwa edambisa izimpilo zezilwane futhi alimaze ubungcwele bemizamo yokulondolozwa kwezilwane zasendle. Ukuqeda ukuzingela okusemathinini kubalulekile ekulweni ukuvikela izilwane futhi ubuyisele ibhalansi kuya e-ecosystems.
Ezinye izisulu: Umphumela we-ripple wezingozi zokuzingela kanye nomonakalo wokubumbana
Ngenkathi iningi lokugxila ezingxoxweni ngezikhungo zokuzingela ezisukeni eziqondile - ezinjengezilwane eziqondiswe ezemidlalo - ziningi ezinye izisulu ezingenacala zalo msebenzi onobudlova. Izingozi zokuzingela zivamile, futhi umonakalo wokubumbana udlulela ngale kokudla okuhlosiwe. Impahla ivame ukulinyazwa ngesikhathi sokuzingela, nezilwane ezingenakubalwa ngisho nabantu bazithola zibanjwe emloreni, ukulimala noma ukufa ngenxa yalokho.
Eminye imiphumela edabukisayo kakhulu yokuzingela ukulimala okungahlosiwe okubangelwa yizilwane ezifuywayo. Amahhashi, izinkomo, izinja, namakati kungadutshulwa ngengozi noma alimale ngesikhathi sokuzingela. Lezi zilwane, imvamisa izilwane ezifuywayo noma imfuyo, zingazulazula zibe yizindawo zokuzingela noma zibanjwe emgqeni womlilo, okuholela ekulimaleni noma ekufeni. Kwezinye izimo, abazingeli bangenza iphutha inja ngesilwane sasendle, okuholela ekudubuleni okubulalayo. Ukulimala okungokomzwelo kwabanikazi besilwane kujulile, njengoba belahlekelwa izilwane ezifuywayo nabangane bebangane ngenxa yokunganakekeli noma ukunganaki kwabazingeli.
Abathandi be-hikers nabathandi bangaphandle nabo basengozini ezindaweni lapho ukuzingela kugcwele khona. Abantu abangena emahlathini, emapaki, kanye nemvelo okulondolozwa kwemvelo kwezokuzijabulisa bavame ukungazi ukuthi ukuzingela kuyenzeka eduzane. Izingozi Zokuzingela, ezifana nezinhlamvu ezilahlekile noma amaphutha, kungaholela ekulimaleni okusongela impilo noma ukufa. Lezi zingozi zandiswa kubantu abasebenza ehlane kodwa nasemindenini, ezinganeni nasezilwaneni ezijabulela ubuhle bemvelo.
Izinja, ikakhulukazi, zibhekana nobungozi obukhulu ngesikhathi semisebenzi yokuzingela, ikakhulukazi lapho zisetshenziselwa ukulandelela noma ukujaha umdlalo. Ekuzingelweni okuningi - ikakhulukazi okungekho emthethweni noma okungekho emthethweni - izinja ziqashwa ukujaha, izicucu, noma zizehlise inyamazane enkulu njengamabhere, ama-cougars kanye nezinyamazane. Ngenkathi izinja zingaqeqeshelwa yile misebenzi, zivame ukubekelwa ngaphansi kwezimo eziyingozi futhi zingalimala noma zife zenqubo. Endabeni yokuzingela okungekho emthethweni, lapho kunokwengamela khona okuncane, izilwane zingabekwa ngaphansi konya ngokweqile kanye nokulimala ngokomzimba njengoba ziphoqelelwa ukulandelela izilwane ezivele zihlukunyezwa noma ezilimele.
Ngaphezu kwezingozi ezibangelwe ezilwaneni nakubantu, ukuzingela nakho kubeka ukucindezela okukhulu kwemvelo yemvelo. Lapho izilwane ezinjengamabhere, izimpungushe, noma inyamazane zixoshwa yizinja noma abazingeli, zingaphoqeleka ukuba babalekele ezindaweni zabo zemvelo, baphazamise izilwane zasendle zasendaweni futhi baphazamise ukulingana kwemvelo. Ukuhlukumezeka okutholwe yilezi zilwane kungaba nemiphumela ehlala njalo empilweni yabo nasekusindeni kwabo, futhi kuholele ngisho nasekuzandleni zabantu bendawo.
Ekugcineni, izingozi zokuzingela ziqokomisa izingqinamba ezibanzi ngalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi "ezemidlalo." Ukulimala okulimazayo kungaphezu kwezisulu ezisheshayo, ukufinyelela ezimpilweni zezilwane, imindeni kanye nasebutholweni uqobo. Kuyisikhumbuzo semvelo yokuzingela ngokungakhethi kanye nezingqinamba eziningi zokuhlupheka kubangela kulabo abavame ukukhohlwa - izilwane nabantu okungezona nezinjongo okuhlosiwe, kodwa abahlushwayo. Ukuphindaphindeka kokuzingela kufinyelela kude, futhi inqobo nje uma lo mkhuba uyaqhubeka, izisulu eziningi ezingenacala zibanjwe emlilweni.
Ongakwenza: Ukuthatha isenzo ngokumelene nonya lokuzingela
Uma ukhathazekile ngokuzingela unya, kunezindlela eziningi ongazenza umehluko. Isenzo ngasinye, noma ngabe sincane kangakanani, singasiza ekuvikeleni izilwane futhi sinciphise ukulimala okubangelwa ukuzingela. Nakhu ukuthi unganikela kanjani:
1. Ummeli Wemithetho Enamandla
Imithetho yokusekela ekhawula imikhuba yokuzingela ngokungafanele, njengokuzingela okusemathinini nokuzingela kwe-trophy. Thintana nabathengisi ukucindezela imithethonqubo eqinile yokuvikelwa kwezilwane zasendle nokuphoqelelwa.
2. Sekela izinhlangano zokuvikela izilwane zasendle
Nikela, ngokuzinikela, noma ukusabalalisa ngamaqembu afana ne-Humane Society kanye neNational Wildlife Federation, esebenza ukuvikela izilwane zasendle futhi aqede imikhuba yokuzingela elimazayo.
3. Zifundise wena nabanye
Funda ngemithelela emibi yokuzingela nokwabelana ngalolu lwazi nabanye. I-Social Media iyipulatifomu enhle yokusakaza ukuqwashisa kanye noshintsho olukhuthazayo.
4. Khetha ezinye izindlela zokuziphatha
Zama ukuthwebula izithombe zasendle, ukuwasha kwezikhumba, noma ukuhamba ngezinyawo ezindaweni ezivikelwe esikhundleni sokuzingela. Ukusekela izindawo ezingcwele kanye nezilwane zasendle kubabaza ukuthi kubeka phambili ukunakekelwa kwezilwane kanye nokulondolozwa.
5. Amabhizinisi ahlobene nokuzingela we-boycott
Gwema amabhizinisi agqugquzela ukuzingela, njengalabo abathengisa amagiya okuzingela noma abanikeza izinkambo zokuzingela. Izinketho zakho zokuthenga zithumela umyalezo ngesimo sakho sokuzingela.
6. Sekela ukulondolozwa kwezilwane zasendle ezizinzile
Imizamo engemuva egxile ekulondolozeni izilwane zasendle kanye nemvelo ngaphandle kokuzingela, njengemizamo yokubuyiselwa kwendawo yokuhlala kanye nemizamo yokulwa nokuzingela.
7. Prakthiza ezokuvakasha ngesihawu
Khetha izindawo zokuhamba ngezokuvakasha zasendle, njengezindawo zokugcina izilwane zasendle kanye namapaki ezwe, okubeka phambili ukuvikelwa kwezilwane kanye nokulondolozwa kokuzingela.
8. Bahlanganyele ekumeni kwasendaweni
Joyina ukunyakaza kokuvikelwa kwezilwane zasendaweni zasendle, babambe iqhaza emikhakheni nasemikhankasweni, futhi basebenze nabenzi bezomthetho ukuqwashisa ngokubaluleka kokuvikela izilwane.
9. Khuluma ngokulwa nokuzingela kwe-trophy nokuzingela okusemathinini
Khulisa ukuqwashisa ngesihluku sokuzingela kwe-trophy nokuzingela okusemathinini. Khuluma ngezokuxhumana kwezenhlalo, ubhale abamele, noma ubambe iqhaza kwimibhikisho ukuze uqede le mikhuba.
Ngokuthatha lezi zenzo, ungasiza ekunciphiseni isihluku sokuzingela futhi ufake isandla ezweni lapho izilwane zihlonishwa futhi zivikelwe khona. Yonke imizamo ibalwa empini yenhlala-kahle yezilwane.
